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Habib MFOM, Tarek S, Teama SME, Ezzat K, El Boghdadi RM, Marzouk A, Fouda MY, Gawdat SI, Bedier MM, Amin SAW. Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Success of 2% Mepivacaine versus 4% Articaine in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis in Mandibular Molars: A Randomized Double-Blind Single-Centre Clinical Trial. Int Endod J 2022; 55:1177-1189. [PMID: 35947082 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) success of 2% mepivacaine (Scandonest 2%, Septodont, France) and 4% articaine (Septanest 4%, Septodont) in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) in mandibular molars during access cavity preparation and instrumentation. METHODOLOGY Three hundred and thirty patients with moderate-to-severe pain in mandibular molars with SIP randomly received either 3.6 mL 2% mepivacaine hydrochloride with 1:100 000 adrenalin or 3.4mL 4% articaine hydrochloride with 1:100 000 adrenalin (n=165). Intraoperative pain (IOP) intensity was assessed during access cavity preparation and canal instrumentation using 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). Overall success was considered if the patient felt no-to-mild pain without the need of supplemental anaesthesia throughout treatment; the incidence of need for supplemental anaesthesia was also recorded. Data were statistically analyzed using Mann Whitney U and Chi2 (χ2 ) tests. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of anaesthetic failure was calculated. The effect of predisposing factors on outcome variables was assessed using multivariable regression analyses. None of the participants reported any adverse effects. RESULTS Baseline variables were balanced between groups (p>0.05). The IOP intensity during access cavity preparation and canal instrumentation was similar for both groups (p>0.05). IOP intensity was associated with preoperative pain intensity and tooth type (p<0.05). Overall anaesthetic success rate was 35.8% for mepivacaine and 41.2% for articaine (p>0.05) with a relative risk of failure [95%CI] 1.09 [0.92, 1.30]. The need for supplemental anaesthesia occurred 43.6% and 38.2% with mepivacaine and articaine respectively (p>0.05; RR [95%CI]: 1.14 [0.88, 1.48]). Preoperative pain level and age were associated with the need for supplemental anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS 2% mepivacaine and 4% articaine demonstrate similar IANB success rates for mandibular molars with SIP. Intraoperative pain experience during endodontic treatment can be associated with preoperative pain, tooth type and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F O M Habib
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Tarek
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M E Teama
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - K Ezzat
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R M El Boghdadi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Marzouk
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Y Fouda
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S I Gawdat
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Bedier
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S A W Amin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Sayed R, Waraky A, Ezzat K, Albabtain R, ElGammal K, Shityakov S, Muhammed M, Hassan M. Degradation of pristine and oxidized single wall carbon nanotubes by CYP3A4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:487-492. [PMID: 31164198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a class of carbon based nanomaterials which have attracted substantial attention in recent years as they exhibit outstanding physical, mechanical and optical properties. In the last decade many studies have emerged of the underlying mechanisms behind CNT toxicity including malignant transformation, the formation of granulomas, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, DNA damage and mutation. In the present investigation, we studied the biodegradation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4) through using Raman spectroscopy. CYP3A4 is known isozyme accountable for metabolizing various endogenous and exogenous xenobiotics. CYP3A4 is expressed dominantly in the liver and other organs including the lungs. Our results suggest that CYP3A4 has a higher affinity for p-SWNTs compared to c-SWNTs. HEK293 cellular viability was not compromised when incubated with SWNT. However, CYP3A4 transfected HEK293 cell line showed no digestion of c-SWNTs after incubation for 96 h. Cellular uptake of c-SWNTs was observed by electron microscopy and localization of c-SWNTs was confirmed in endosomal vesicles and in the cytoplasm. This is the first study CYP3A4 degrading both p-SWNTs and c-SWNTs in an in vitro setup. Interestingly, our results show that CYP3A4 is more proficient in degrading p-SWNTs than c-SWNTs. We also employed computational modeling and docking assessments to develop a further understanding of the molecular interaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R El-Sayed
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Waraky
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gothenburg University, Sweden
| | - K Ezzat
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Albabtain
- College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - K ElGammal
- Department of Electronics and Embedded Systems, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Shityakov
- Dept. of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Muhammed
- Functional Nanomaterials Division, The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Research Centre, Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat A. Darwish
- Amine High Institute of Public Health, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - K. Ezzat
- Amine High Institute of Public Health, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Elkhadem A, Ezzat K, Ramadan M, AbdelGhaffar S, Khamis D, Hassan A, Abdel-Mawgoud A, Mamdouh A, AbouZeid M, Amin S. The effect of preoperative oral administration of prednisolone on postoperative pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a single-centre randomized controlled trial. Int Endod J 2017; 51 Suppl 3:e189-e196. [PMID: 28560802 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM This single-centre randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of a preoperative, single, oral dose of prednisolone on postoperative pain and postoperative analgesic intake in patients with symptomatic, irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars. METHODOLOGY Four hundred participants, randomly assigned to two equal groups, received either 40 mg prednisolone or placebo tablets 30 min before single-visit root canal treatment. Patients recorded their pain level 6, 12 and 24 h after treatment on a 100-mm visual analogue scale. All patients received a sham capsule to take if needed as a postoperative analgesic, and, if the pain persisted, an analgesic was prescribed. The relative risk reduction and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for binary data. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare postoperative pain intensity between groups. RESULTS The relative risk reduction in pain incidence was 20.31% (95% CI: 12.03%, 27.82%) at 6 h, 23.39% (95% CI: 14.75%, 31.16%) at 12 h and 28.85% (95% CI: 18.08%, 38.20%) at 24 h. Prednisolone had significantly less post-obturation pain intensity compared to placebo at 6, 12 and 24 h (P < 0.001). The relative risk reduction in sham-capsule intake was 54% (95% CI: 38%, 66%) and of analgesic intake was 55% (95% CI: 3%, 79%). No adverse effects were recorded. CONCLUSION Preoperative oral administration of a single dose of 40 mg prednisolone was beneficial to control short-term post-obturation pain after single-visit root canal treatment in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis reducing pain incidence after 24 h by approximately 30% and postoperative analgesic intake by approximately 55%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Elkhadem
- Centre for Evidence-Based Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - K Ezzat
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Ramadan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S AbdelGhaffar
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - D Khamis
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Hassan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Abdel-Mawgoud
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Mamdouh
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M AbouZeid
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Amin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Salehe P, Khademi Ashkzari M, Mohebbi M, Ezzat K. Effectiveness of stress and burnout management training for employees of an industrial company. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionBurnout is a state of physical and emotional exhaustion. It can occur when people experience long-term stress in job, or when they have worked in a physically or emotionally draining role for a long time. There have been numerous studies done showing the results of stress and burnout in the employee's profession across many areas of health care.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress and burnout management training on employees using experimental method to help employees to understand available resources and help them find better ways to manage stress in the workplace.AimsThis study aims to discusses how organizations can assist in combating stress in ways that benefit both the employees involved and the organization itself.MethodA curriculum-based intervention was developed to provide education in a classroom setting. The sample included 14 nurses with various nursing backgrounds who were selected randomly and were assigned randomly in two experimental and control groups, which contained 7 employees in each group. The experimental group received the training while the control group was in waiting list. The instruments were the General Health Questionnaire and Burnout Checklist, and demographic questionnaire. Data was analyzed by covariance analysis method.ResultsResult indicated that stress and burnout management training was efficient on reducing stress and burnout symptoms in employee.ConclusionIt is concluded that stress and burnout management training is an effective group intervening method for reducing the dysfunctional effects of stress and job burnout in employees.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Manzano R, Aoki Y, Lee Y, Dafinca R, Aoki M, Douglas A, Varela M, Sathyaprakash C, Scaber J, Barbagallo P, Vader P, Mäger I, Ezzat K, Turner M, Ito N, Gasco S, Ohbayashi N, El Andaloussi S, Taked S, Fukuda M, Talbot K, Wood M. C9ORF72 and RAB7L1 regulate vesicle traffi cking in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(17)30312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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