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Eeles R, Saunders E, Wakerell S, Whitmore I, Cieza-Borrella C, Govindasami K, Dadaev T, Kote-Jarai Z, Leongamornlert D. DNA repair gene panel mutations in young onset and aggressive vs non aggressive prostate cancer cases in the UK. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx370.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Castro E, Jugurnauth-Little S, Karlsson Q, Al-Shahrour F, Piñeiro-Yañez E, Van de Poll F, Leongamornlert D, Dadaev T, Govindasami K, Guy M, Eeles R, Kote-Jarai Z. High burden of copy number alterations and c-MYC amplification in prostate cancer from BRCA2 germline mutation carriers. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:2293-300. [PMID: 26347108 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline BRCA2 mutations are associated with poorer outcome prostate cancer (PCa) compared with sporadic tumours but this association remains to be characterised. In this study, we aim to assess if there is a signature set of copy number alterations (CNA) that could aid to the identification of BRCA2-mutated tumours and would assist us to understand their aggressive clinical behaviour. METHODS High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridisation profiling of DNA from PCa and matched morphologically normal prostate samples from 9 BRCA2 germline mutation carriers and 16 non-carriers in combination with unsupervised analysis was used to define copy number features. RESULTS PCa from BRCA2 germline mutation carriers (B2T) harbour significantly more CNA than non-carrier tumours (NCTs) (P = 14 × 10(-6)). A hundred and sixteen regions had a significantly different distribution with both false discovery rate (FDR) and P value <0.01, including CNA in the genomic region containing c-MYC that was present in 89% B2T versus 12.5% NCT (P = 3 × 10(-4)). Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the BRCA2 locus was observed in 67% of B2T. Elevated CNA are already present in 50% of the morphologically normal prostate tissue from BRCA2 carriers. CONCLUSION The relative high amount of CNAs in morphologically normal prostate tissue of BRCA2 carriers implies a field effect and together with the observed LOH could be used as a marker of PCa risk in these men. Several features previously associated with poor PCa outcome have been found to be significantly more common in BRCA2-mutated PCa than in sporadic tumours and may help to explain their adverse prognosis and be of relevance for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Castro
- Prostate Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Q Karlsson
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - F Al-Shahrour
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Piñeiro-Yañez
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Van de Poll
- Prostate Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - T Dadaev
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - K Govindasami
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - M Guy
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - R Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Z Kote-Jarai
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Kote-Jarai Z, Mikropoulos C, Leongamornlert DA, Dadaev T, Tymrakiewicz M, Saunders EJ, Jones M, Jugurnauth-Little S, Govindasami K, Guy M, Hamdy FC, Donovan JL, Neal DE, Lane JA, Dearnaley D, Wilkinson RA, Sawyer EJ, Morgan A, Antoniou AC, Eeles RA. Prevalence of the HOXB13 G84E germline mutation in British men and correlation with prostate cancer risk, tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:756-761. [PMID: 25595936 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rare recurrent missense variant in HOXB13 (rs138213197/G84E) was recently reported to be associated with hereditary prostate cancer. Population-based studies have established that, since the frequency of this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) varies between geographic regions, the associated proportion of prostate cancer (PrCa) risk contribution is also highly variable by country. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is the largest comprehensive case-control study assessing the prevalence of the HOXB13 G84E variant to date and is the first in the UK population. We genotyped 8652 men diagnosed with PrCa within the UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study (UKGPCS) and 5252 healthy men from the UK ProtecT study. RESULTS HOXB13 G84E was identified in 0.5% of the healthy controls and 1.5% of the PrCa cases, and it was associated with a 2.93-fold increased risk of PrCa [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.94-4.59; P = 6.27 × 10(-8)]. The risk was even higher among men with family history of PrCa [odds ratio (OR) = 4.53, 95% CI 2.86-7.34; P = 3.1 × 10(-8)] and in young-onset PrCa (diagnosed up to the age of 55 years; OR = 3.11, 95% CI 1.98-5.00; P = 6.1 × 10(-7)). There was no significant association between Gleason Score, presenting prostate specific antigen, tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage or NCCN risk group and carrier status. HOXB13 G84E was not associated with overall or cancer-specific survival. We found that the polygenic PrCa risk score (PR score), calculated using the 71 known single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PrCa and the HOXB13 G84E variant act multiplicatively on PrCa risk. Based on the estimated prevalence and risk, this rare variant explains ∼1% of the familial risk of PrCa in the UK population. CONCLUSIONS The clinical importance of HOXB13 G84E in PrCa management has not been established. This variant was found to have no effect on prognostic implications but could be used for stratifying screening, by identifying men at high risk. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBERS Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT): NCT02044172. UK GENETIC PROSTATE CANCER STUDY Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Studies (UKGPCS): NCT01737242.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - T Dadaev
- Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | | | | | - M Jones
- Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | | | | | - M Guy
- Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - F C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford; Faculty of Medical Science, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford
| | - J L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol
| | - D E Neal
- Surgical Oncology (Uro-Oncology: S4), University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge
| | - J A Lane
- Surgical Oncology (Uro-Oncology: S4), University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge
| | | | | | | | - A Morgan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - A C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge
| | - R A Eeles
- Institute of Cancer Research, London; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Mikropoulos C, Dadaev T, Tymrakiewicz M, Leongamornlert D, Saunders E, Little S, Govindasami K, Guy M, Wilkinson R, Morgan A, Donovan J, Neal D, Hamdy F, Antoniou A, Eeles R, Kote-Jarai Z. Prevalence of Hoxb13G84E Germline Mutation in Uk Prostate Cancer Cases; Correlation with Tumour Characteristics and Outcomes. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu335.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Leongamornlert D, Saunders E, Dadaev T, Tymrakiewicz M, Goh C, Jugurnauth-Little S, Kozarewa I, Fenwick K, Assiotis I, Barrowdale D, Govindasami K, Guy M, Sawyer E, Wilkinson R, Antoniou AC, Eeles R, Kote-Jarai Z. Frequent germline deleterious mutations in DNA repair genes in familial prostate cancer cases are associated with advanced disease. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1663-72. [PMID: 24556621 PMCID: PMC3960610 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PrCa) is one of the most common diseases to affect men worldwide and among the leading causes of cancer-related death. The purpose of this study was to use second-generation sequencing technology to assess the frequency of deleterious mutations in 22 tumour suppressor genes in familial PrCa and estimate the relative risk of PrCa if these genes are mutated. METHODS Germline DNA samples from 191 men with 3 or more cases of PrCa in their family were sequenced for 22 tumour suppressor genes using Agilent target enrichment and Illumina technology. Analysis for genetic variation was carried out by using a pipeline consisting of BWA, Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) and ANNOVAR. Clinical features were correlated with mutation status using standard statistical tests. Modified segregation analysis was used to determine the relative risk of PrCa conferred by the putative loss-of-function (LoF) mutations identified. RESULTS We discovered 14 putative LoF mutations in 191 samples (7.3%) and these mutations were more frequently associated with nodal involvement, metastasis or T4 tumour stage (P=0.00164). Segregation analysis of probands with European ancestry estimated that LoF mutations in any of the studied genes confer a relative risk of PrCa of 1.94 (95% CI: 1.56-2.42). CONCLUSIONS These findings show that LoF mutations in DNA repair pathway genes predispose to familial PrCa and advanced disease and therefore warrants further investigation. The clinical utility of these findings will become increasingly important as targeted screening and therapies become more widespread.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Leongamornlert
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - E Saunders
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - T Dadaev
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - M Tymrakiewicz
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - C Goh
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - S Jugurnauth-Little
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - I Kozarewa
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - K Fenwick
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - I Assiotis
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - D Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - K Govindasami
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - M Guy
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - E Sawyer
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - R Wilkinson
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - The UKGPCS Collaborators
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5PT, UK
| | - A C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - R Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Z Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
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Leongamornlert D, Mahmud N, Tymrakiewicz M, Saunders E, Dadaev T, Castro E, Goh C, Govindasami K, Guy M, O'Brien L, Sawyer E, Hall A, Wilkinson R, Easton D, Goldgar D, Eeles R, Kote-Jarai Z. Germline BRCA1 mutations increase prostate cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:1697-701. [PMID: 22516946 PMCID: PMC3349179 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PrCa) is one of the most common cancers affecting men but its aetiology is poorly understood. Family history of PrCa, particularly at a young age, is a strong risk factor. There have been previous reports of increased PrCa risk in male BRCA1 mutation carriers in female breast cancer families, but there is a controversy as to whether this risk is substantiated. We sought to evaluate the role of germline BRCA1 mutations in PrCa predisposition by performing a candidate gene study in a large UK population sample set. METHODS We screened 913 cases aged 36–86 years for germline BRCA1 mutation, with the study enriched for cases with an early age of onset. We analysed the entire coding region of the BRCA1 gene using Sanger sequencing. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was also used to assess the frequency of large rearrangements in 460 cases. RESULTS We identified 4 deleterious mutations and 45 unclassified variants (UV). The frequency of deleterious BRCA1 mutation in this study is 0.45%; three of the mutation carriers were affected at age 65 years and one developed PrCa at 69 years. Using previously estimated population carrier frequencies, deleterious BRCA1 mutations confer a relative risk of PrCa of ~3.75-fold, (95% confidence interval 1.02–9.6) translating to a 8.6% cumulative risk by age 65. CONCLUSION This study shows evidence for an increased risk of PrCa in men who harbour germline mutations in BRCA1. This could have a significant impact on possible screening strategies and targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Leongamornlert
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - N Mahmud
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - M Tymrakiewicz
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - E Saunders
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - T Dadaev
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - E Castro
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - C Goh
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - K Govindasami
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - M Guy
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - L O'Brien
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - E Sawyer
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - A Hall
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - R Wilkinson
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - D Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic
Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways
Laboratory, Cambridge
CB1 8RN, UK
| | - The UKGPCS Collaborators5
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic
Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways
Laboratory, Cambridge
CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Dermatology, University
of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
84132, USA
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation
Trust, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - D Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University
of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
84132, USA
| | - R Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation
Trust, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Z Kote-Jarai
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of
Cancer Research, Sutton
SM2 5NG, UK
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Castro E, Goh CL, Olmos D, Leongamornlert D, Saunders E, Tymrakiewicz M, Mahmud N, Dadaev T, Govindasami K, Guy M, OBrien L, Sawyer E, Hall A, Wilkinson R, Kote-Jarai Z, Eeles RA. Correlation of germ-line BRCA2 mutations with aggressive prostate cancer and outcome. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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