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Godhamgaonkar AA, Wadhwani NS, Randhir KN, Selukar SS, Dalvi S, Dangat K, Wagh GN, Lalwani S, Chandhiok N, Kulkarni B, Fall C, Sachdev HPS, Gupte S, Joshi SR. Erythrocyte fatty acids and desaturase indices in early pregnancy are associated with risk of preeclampsia. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 196:102583. [PMID: 37531787 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy disorder that may be associated with inadequate maternal nutrition. Fatty acids are vital for placental and fetal growth. Fatty acid desaturases, key enzymes influencing the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, are reported to be associated with cardiometabolic risk. Any imbalance in the levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids can result in increased inflammatory response. The current study reports the levels of erythrocyte fatty acids and desaturase index across gestation in women who develop PE (n = 108) and compares them with non-PE women (n = 216). Maternal erythrocyte fatty acids were measured at 4 time points during pregnancy (i.e., 11-14, 18-22, 26-28 weeks and at delivery) using gas chromatography. Maternal total erythrocyte saturated fatty acids and omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio was higher in the PE group as compared to the non-PE group at 11-14 weeks and 18-22 weeks respectively. Maternal Δ5 desaturase index was lower while Δ6 desaturase index was higher in the PE group at 11-14 and 18-22 weeks. Maternal stearoyl CoA desaturase-18 (SCD-18) index was lower at 11-14 weeks and at delivery. These changes were mainly observed in the early onset PE (EOP) group. Δ6 desaturase index at 11-14 weeks predicted the risk of EOP. Imbalance in fatty acid levels and desaturase indices predate the clinical diagnosis of PE, indicating their role in its pathophysiology. Measurement of fatty acids and desaturase indices in early pregnancy merits evaluation as predictors of risk of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Godhamgaonkar
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - N S Wadhwani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - K N Randhir
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - S S Selukar
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - S Dalvi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - K Dangat
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - G N Wagh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - S Lalwani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India
| | - N Chandhiok
- Division of Reproductive, Biology, Maternal and Child Health (RBMCH) and Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research - Headquarters, New Delhi, India
| | - B Kulkarni
- Division of Reproductive, Biology, Maternal and Child Health (RBMCH) and Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research - Headquarters, New Delhi, India
| | - C Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - H P S Sachdev
- Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupte
- Gupte Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, 411004, India
| | - S R Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411043, India.
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