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Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Bloemendal M, van Willigen WW, Hins-de Bree S, de Goede AL, de Boer AJ, Bos KJH, Duiveman-de Boer T, Olde Nordkamp MAM, van Oorschot TGM, Popelier CJ, Pots JM, Scharenborg NM, van de Rakt MWMM, de Ruiter V, van Meeteren WS, van Rossum MM, Croockewit SJ, Koeneman BJ, Creemers JHA, Wortel IMN, Angerer C, Brüning M, Petry K, Dzionek A, van der Veldt AA, van Grünhagen DJ, Werner JEM, Bonenkamp JJ, Haanen JBAG, Boers-Sonderen MJ, Koornstra RHT, Boomsma MF, Aarntzen EHJ, Gotthardt M, Nagarajah J, de Witte TJM, Figdor CG, de Wilt JHW, Textor J, de Groot JWB, Gerritsen WR, de Vries IJM. Adjuvant dendritic cell therapy in stage IIIB/C melanoma: the MIND-DC randomized phase III trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1632. [PMID: 38395969 PMCID: PMC10891118 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autologous natural dendritic cells (nDCs) treatment can induce tumor-specific immune responses and clinical responses in cancer patients. In this phase III clinical trial (NCT02993315), 148 patients with resected stage IIIB/C melanoma were randomized to adjuvant treatment with nDCs (n = 99) or placebo (n = 49). Active treatment consisted of intranodally injected autologous CD1c+ conventional and plasmacytoid DCs loaded with tumor antigens. The primary endpoint was the 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate, whereas the secondary endpoints included median RFS, 2-year and median overall survival, adverse event profile, and immunological response The 2-year RFS rate was 36.8% in the nDC treatment group and 46.9% in the control group (p = 0.31). Median RFS was 12.7 months vs 19.9 months, respectively (hazard ratio 1.25; 90% CI: 0.88-1.79; p = 0.29). Median overall survival was not reached in both treatment groups (hazard ratio 1.32; 90% CI: 0.73-2.38; p = 0.44). Grade 3-4 study-related adverse events occurred in 5% and 6% of patients. Functional antigen-specific T cell responses could be detected in 67.1% of patients tested in the nDC treatment group vs 3.8% of patients tested in the control group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, while adjuvant nDC treatment in stage IIIB/C melanoma patients generated specific immune responses and was well tolerated, no benefit in RFS was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Bloemendal
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter W van Willigen
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Hins-de Bree
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna L de Goede
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek J de Boer
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin J H Bos
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Duiveman-de Boer
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel A M Olde Nordkamp
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom G M van Oorschot
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn J Popelier
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne M Pots
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Scharenborg
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy W M M van de Rakt
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Valeska de Ruiter
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilmy S van Meeteren
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle M van Rossum
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra J Croockewit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bouke J Koeneman
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H A Creemers
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M N Wortel
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Astrid A van der Veldt
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Grünhagen
- Department Surgical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna E M Werner
- Department Surgical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes J Bonenkamp
- Department Surgical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John B A G Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marye J Boers-Sonderen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn F Boomsma
- Department of Radiology, Isala Oncology Center, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J Aarntzen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James Nagarajah
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J M de Witte
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department Surgical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Textor
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Medical Biosciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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2
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Alves Costa Silva C, Piccinno G, Suissa D, Bourgin M, Schreibelt G, Durand S, Birebent R, Fidelle M, Sow C, Aprahamian F, Manghi P, Punčochář M, Asnicar F, Pinto F, Armanini F, Terrisse S, Routy B, Drubay D, Eggermont AMM, Kroemer G, Segata N, Zitvogel L, Derosa L, Bol KF, de Vries IJM. Influence of microbiota-associated metabolic reprogramming on clinical outcome in patients with melanoma from the randomized adjuvant dendritic cell-based MIND-DC trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1633. [PMID: 38395948 PMCID: PMC10891084 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunosurveillance plays a major role in melanoma, prompting the development of immunotherapy strategies. The gut microbiota composition, influencing peripheral and tumoral immune tonus, earned its credentials among predictors of survival in melanoma. The MIND-DC phase III trial (NCT02993315) randomized (2:1 ratio) 148 patients with stage IIIB/C melanoma to adjuvant treatment with autologous natural dendritic cell (nDC) or placebo (PL). Overall, 144 patients collected serum and stool samples before and after 2 bimonthly injections to perform metabolomics (MB) and metagenomics (MG) as prespecified exploratory analysis. Clinical outcomes are reported separately. Here we show that different microbes were associated with prognosis, with the health-related Faecalibacterium prausnitzii standing out as the main beneficial taxon for no recurrence at 2 years (p = 0.008 at baseline, nDC arm). Therapy coincided with major MB perturbations (acylcarnitines, carboxylic and fatty acids). Despite randomization, nDC arm exhibited MG and MB bias at baseline: relative under-representation of F. prausnitzii, and perturbations of primary biliary acids (BA). F. prausnitzii anticorrelated with BA, medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines. Combined, these MG and MB biomarkers markedly determined prognosis. Altogether, the host-microbial interaction may play a role in localized melanoma. We value systematic MG and MB profiling in randomized trials to avoid baseline differences attributed to host-microbe interactions.
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Grants
- The MIND-DC trial was funded by ZonMw, Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (VWS), Stichting ATK, Miltenyi Biotec (in-kind). This work was supported by SEERAVE Foundation, European Union Horizon 2020:Project Number: 825410 and Project Acronym: ONCOBIOME, Institut National du Cancer (INCa), ANR Ileobiome - 19-CE15-0029-01, ANR RHU5 “ANR-21-RHUS-0017” IMMUNOLIFE&#x201D;, MAdCAM INCA_ 16698, Ligue contre le cancer, LABEX OncoImmunology, la direction generale de l&#x2019;offre de soins (DGOS), Universite Paris-Sud, SIRIC SOCRATE (INCa/DGOS/INSERM 6043), and PACRI network. G.K. is supported by the Ligue contre le Cancer (équipe labellis&#x00E9;e); Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – Projets blancs; AMMICa US23/CNRS UMS3655; Association pour la recherche sur le cancer (ARC); Canc&#x00E9;rop&#x00F4;le Ile-de-France; Fondation pour la Recherche M&#x00E9;dicale (FRM); a donation by Elior; Equipex Onco-Pheno-Screen; European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJPRD); European Research Council Advanced Investigator Award (ERC-2021-ADG, ICD-Cancer, Grant No. 101052444), European Union Horizon 2020 Projects Oncobiome, Prevalung (grant No. 101095604) and Crimson; Fondation Carrefour; Institut National du Cancer (INCa); Institut Universitaire de France; LabEx Immuno-Oncology (ANR-18-IDEX-0001); a Cancer Research ASPIRE Award from the Mark Foundation; the RHU Immunolife; Seerave Foundation; SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE); and SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM). This study contributes to the IdEx Universit&#x00E9; de Paris ANR-18-IDEX-0001. This work is supported by the Prism project funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under grant number ANR-18-IBHU-0002. CACS was funded by MSD Avenir. MF is funded by SEERAVE Foundation and MERCK Foundation. LD and BR were supported by Philantropia at Gustave Roussy Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alves Costa Silva
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianmarco Piccinno
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Déborah Suissa
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Mélanie Bourgin
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Medical BioSciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Roxanne Birebent
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Marine Fidelle
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Cissé Sow
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Fanny Aprahamian
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Manghi
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Michal Punčochář
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesco Asnicar
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Federica Pinto
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Federica Armanini
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Safae Terrisse
- Oncology Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Routy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Damien Drubay
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, CESP U1018, Oncostat, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Princess Máxima Center and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Technical University Munich & Ludwig Maximiliaan University, Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France.
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
- Center of Clinical Investigations BIOTHERIS, INSERM CIC1428, Villejuif, France.
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), ClinicObiome, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Medical BioSciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Medical BioSciences, Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Sweep MWD, Tjan MJH, Gorris MAJ, Bol KF, Westdorp H. Case Report: A severe case of immunosuppressant-refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis rescued by tofacitinib. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212432. [PMID: 37435072 PMCID: PMC10331137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for cancer treatment can give rise to a variety of adverse events. Here we report a male patient with metastatic melanoma who experienced life-threatening colitis and duodenitis following treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. The patient did not respond to the first three lines of immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, infliximab, and vedolizumab), but recovered well after administration of tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor. Cellular and transcriptional data on colon and duodenum biopsies shows significant inflammation in the tissue, characterized by a large number of CD8 T cells and high expression of PD-L1. While cellular numbers do decrease during three lines of immunosuppressive therapy, CD8 T cells remain relatively high in the epithelium, along with PD-L1 expression in the involved tissue and expression of colitis-associated genes, indicating an ongoing colitis at that moment. Despite all immunosuppressive treatments, the patient has an ongoing tumor response with no evidence of disease. Tofacitinib might be a good candidate to consider more often for ipilimumab/nivolumab-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W. D. Sweep
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. H. Tjan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mark A. J. Gorris
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Division of Immunotherapy, Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F. Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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vanRavensteijn SG, Taurello DV, Amir A, Wesseling YJ, vanBrussel AG, Keizer DM, Verheul HM, Bol KF. Abstract 958: Signal transduction pathway activity of TGF-β and Hedgehog as possible response predictors to checkpoint inhibition in patients with advanced melanoma; a retrospective cohort study. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Although immunotherapy is highly effective in patients with melanoma, not all patients respond equally well to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Preclinical data indicate that TGF-β pathway activity mediates immune evasion by tumor T cell exclusion and may therefore be predictive for response. Recently, a new mRNA-based methodology has been developed to measure and quantify signal transduction pathway (STP) activities in tissue. This study was initiated to characterize the STPs in advanced melanoma samples to better understand the role of STPs in immune check point efficacy.
Method: The OncoSIGNal pathway activity profiling PCR test (InnoSIGN) was used to measure the activity of 8 different STPs (AR, PI3K, MAPK, Hedgehog (HH), TGF-β, Notch, NFkB and JAK-STAT1/2) in biopsies (FFPE) from patients with advanced melanoma (n=34) and expressed on a scale from 0 -100. A biopsy of a metastatic site was obtained prior start of ICI therapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab). These samples were analyzed for STP activity and related to progression-free survival (PFS). Also, STP activities were compared between responders (n=15; partial or complete response) and non-responders (n=19; defined as progression within 6 months).
Results: The mean HH score of responders versus non-responders was 35.7 + 6.1 vs 41.6 + 8.7 (p=0.038), while TGF-β scores were 53.9 + 6.2 vs 56.8 + 8.2 (p=0.265), respectively. Cox regression analysis showed a hazard ratio of 1-1.1 for PFS of both HH and TGF-β (HH: p=0.032) (TGF-β: p=0.071). Kaplan Meier curves indicated a better PFS for lower HH activity at a threshold of 46 (p< 0.001) and lower MAPK activity at a threshold of 47.3 (p= 0.041). No relation with PFS was detected for TGF-β activity. No statistically significant differences were observed in STP activity between different metastatic locations ((sub)cutaneous, lymph node or visceral metastases).
Conclusion: Signal transduction pathway activity of metastatic samples, taken prior start of ICI therapy, from patients with advanced melanoma, suggest that TGF-β did not correlate with response nor PFS but increased HH and MAPK STP activity may relate towards a worse PFS from ICI therapy.
Citation Format: Stefan G. vanRavensteijn, Daniele V. Taurello, Avital Amir, Yvonne J. Wesseling, Anne G. vanBrussel, Diederick M. Keizer, Henk M. Verheul, Kalijn F. Bol. Signal transduction pathway activity of TGF-β and Hedgehog as possible response predictors to checkpoint inhibition in patients with advanced melanoma; a retrospective cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 958.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Avital Amir
- 1Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Kalijn F. Bol
- 1Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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5
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van Ravensteijn SG, Meijerink M, Nijenhuis-van Schayk R, Desar IME, Bol KF, van Herpen CML, Verheul HMW. The safety risk of information overload and bureaucracy in oncology clinical trial conduct. Eur J Cancer 2023; 183:90-94. [PMID: 36812844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Performance of clinical trials has led to major therapeutic developments and substantial improvements in the field of medical oncology. To ensure patient's safety, regulatory aspects for proper clinical trial conduct have been increased over the past two decades but seem to cause information overload and ineffective bureaucracy, possibly even impacting patient safety. To put this in perspective, after the implementation of Directive 2001/20/EC in the European Union, a 90 per cent increase in trial launching time, a 25 per cent decrease in patient participation and a 98 per cent rise in administrative trial costs were reported. The time to initiate a clinical trial has increased from a few months to several years in the past three decades. Moreover, there is a serious risk that information overload with relatively unimportant data endangers the decision-making processes and distracts from essential patient safety information. It is now a critical moment in time to improve efficient clinical trial conduct for our future patients diagnosed with cancer. We are convinced that a reduction of the administrative regulations, information overload, and simplification of the procedures for trial conductance may improve patient safety. In this Current Perspective, we give insight in the current regulatory aspects of clinical research, evaluate the practical consequences of these regulations, and propose specific improvements for optimal clinical trial conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G van Ravensteijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Mirte Meijerink
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ingrid M E Desar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Carla M L van Herpen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Henk M W Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands.
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6
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Laureano RS, Sprooten J, Vanmeerbeerk I, Borras DM, Govaerts J, Naulaerts S, Berneman ZN, Beuselinck B, Bol KF, Borst J, Coosemans A, Datsi A, Fučíková J, Kinget L, Neyns B, Schreibelt G, Smits E, Sorg RV, Spisek R, Thielemans K, Tuyaerts S, De Vleeschouwer S, de Vries IJM, Xiao Y, Garg AD. Trial watch: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2096363. [PMID: 35800158 PMCID: PMC9255073 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2096363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination for cancer treatment has seen considerable development over recent decades. However, this field is currently in a state of flux toward niche-applications, owing to recent paradigm-shifts in immuno-oncology mobilized by T cell-targeting immunotherapies. DC vaccines are typically generated using autologous (patient-derived) DCs exposed to tumor-associated or -specific antigens (TAAs or TSAs), in the presence of immunostimulatory molecules to induce DC maturation, followed by reinfusion into patients. Accordingly, DC vaccines can induce TAA/TSA-specific CD8+/CD4+ T cell responses. Yet, DC vaccination still shows suboptimal anti-tumor efficacy in the clinic. Extensive efforts are ongoing to improve the immunogenicity and efficacy of DC vaccines, often by employing combinatorial chemo-immunotherapy regimens. In this Trial Watch, we summarize the recent preclinical and clinical developments in this field and discuss the ongoing trends and future perspectives of DC-based immunotherapy for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Laureano
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jenny Sprooten
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isaure Vanmeerbeerk
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel M Borras
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannes Govaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Naulaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zwi N Berneman
- Department of Haematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | | | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - an Coosemans
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, ImmunOvar Research Group, Ku Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jitka Fučíková
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Kinget
- Department of General Medical Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rüdiger V Sorg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven De Vleeschouwer
- Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Bloemendal M, Bol KF, Boudewijns S, Gorris MA, de Wilt JH, Croockewit SA, van Rossum MM, de Goede AL, Petry K, Koornstra RH, Figdor C, Gerritsen WR, Schreibelt G, de Vries IJM. Immunological responses to adjuvant vaccination with combined CD1c + myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in stage III melanoma patients. Oncoimmunology 2021; 11:2015113. [PMID: 36524210 PMCID: PMC9746622 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.2015113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the immunological responses of lymph-node involved (stage III) melanoma patients to adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination with subsets of naturally occurring dendritic cells (nDCs). Fifteen patients with completely resected stage III melanoma were randomized to receive adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination with CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cells (cDC2s), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) or the combination. Immunological response was the primary endpoint and secondary endpoints included safety and survival. In 80% of the patients, antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were detected in skin test-derived T cells and in 55% of patients, antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were detectable in peripheral blood. Functional interferon-γ-producing T cells were found in the skin test of 64% of the patients. Production of nDC vaccines meeting release criteria was feasible for all patients. Vaccination only induced grade 1-2 adverse events, mainly consisting of fatigue. In conclusion, adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination with cDC2s and/or pDCs is feasible, safe and induced immunological responses in the majority of stage III melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F. Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Steve Boudewijns
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark A.J. Gorris
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Anna L. de Goede
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Katja Petry
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Rutger H.T. Koornstra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Winald R. Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I. Jolanda M. de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,CONTACT I. Jolanda M. de Vries Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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8
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van Beek JJP, Flórez-Grau G, Gorris MAJ, Mathan TSM, Schreibelt G, Bol KF, Textor J, de Vries IJM. Human pDCs Are Superior to cDC2s in Attracting Cytolytic Lymphocytes in Melanoma Patients Receiving DC Vaccination. Cell Rep 2020; 30:1027-1038.e4. [PMID: 31995747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) are currently under evaluation for use in cancer vaccines. Although both DC subsets can activate adaptive and innate lymphocytes, their capacity to recruit such cells is rarely considered. Here, we show that pDCs and cDC2s display a striking difference in chemokine secretion, which correlates with the recruitment of distinct types of immune effector cells. Activated pDCs express high levels of CXCR3 ligands and attract more CD8+ T cells, CD56+ T cells, and γδ T cells in vitro, compared to cDC2s. Skin from melanoma patients shows an influx of immune effector cells following intradermal vaccination with pDCs or cDC2s, with pDCs inducing the strongest influx of lymphocytes known to possess cytolytic activity. These findings suggest that combining both DC subsets could unite the preferred chemoattractive properties of pDCs with the superior T cell priming properties of cDC2s to ultimately enhance vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper J P van Beek
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Georgina Flórez-Grau
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Gorris
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Till S M Mathan
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Textor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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9
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van Willigen WW, Bloemendal M, Boers-Sonderen MJ, de Groot JWB, Koornstra RHT, van der Veldt AAM, Haanen JBAG, Boudewijns S, Schreibelt G, Gerritsen WR, de Vries IJM, Bol KF. Response and survival of metastatic melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibition for recurrent disease on adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1738814. [PMID: 33457087 PMCID: PMC7790511 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1738814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination with autologous dendritic cells (DC) loaded ex vivo with melanoma-associated antigens is currently being tested as an adjuvant treatment modality for resected locoregional metastatic (stage III) melanoma. Based on its mechanism of action, DC vaccination might potentiate the clinical efficacy of concurrent or sequential immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of ICI administered following recurrent disease during, or after, adjuvant DC vaccination. To this end, we retrospectively analyzed clinical responses of 51 melanoma patients with either irresectable stage III or stage IV disease treated with first- or second-line ICI following recurrence on adjuvant DC vaccination. Patients were analyzed according to the form of ICI administered: PD-1 inhibition monotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab), ipilimumab monotherapy or combined treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. Treatment with first- or second-line PD-1 inhibition monotherapy after recurrence on adjuvant DC vaccination resulted in a response rate of 52%. In patients treated with ipilimumab monotherapy and ipilimumab-nivolumab response rates were 35% and 75%, respectively. In conclusion, ICI is effective in melanoma patients with recurrent disease on adjuvant DC vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter W van Willigen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Rijnstate, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid A M van der Veldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John B A G Haanen
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steve Boudewijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bravis Hospital, Roosendaal, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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10
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Boudewijns S, Bloemendal M, de Haas N, Westdorp H, Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Aarntzen EHJG, Lesterhuis WJ, Gorris MAJ, Croockewit A, van der Woude LL, van Rossum MM, Welzen M, de Goede A, Hato SV, van der Graaf WTA, Punt CJA, Koornstra RHT, Gerritsen WR, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Autologous monocyte-derived DC vaccination combined with cisplatin in stage III and IV melanoma patients: a prospective, randomized phase 2 trial. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:477-488. [PMID: 31980913 PMCID: PMC7044256 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccines can induce tumor-specific T cells, but their effect can be counteracted by immunosuppressive mechanisms. Cisplatin has shown immunomodulatory effects in vivo which may enhance efficacy of DC vaccination. METHODS This is a prospective, randomized, open-label phase 2 study (NCT02285413) including stage III and IV melanoma patients receiving 3 biweekly vaccinations of gp100 and tyrosinase mRNA-loaded monocyte-derived DCs with or without cisplatin. Primary objectives were to study immunogenicity and feasibility, and secondary objectives were to assess toxicity and survival. RESULTS Twenty-two stage III and 32 stage IV melanoma patients were analyzed. Antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were found in 44% versus 67% and functional T cell responses in 28% versus 19% of skin-test infiltrating lymphocytes in patients receiving DC vaccination with and without cisplatin, respectively. Four patients stopped cisplatin because of toxicity and continued DC monotherapy. No therapy-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred due to DC monotherapy. During combination therapy, one therapy-related grade 3 adverse event, decompensated heart failure due to fluid overload, occurred. The clinical outcome parameters did not clearly suggest significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Combination of DC vaccination and cisplatin in melanoma patients is feasible and safe, but does not seem to result in more tumor-specific T cell responses or improved clinical outcome, when compared to DC vaccination monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Boudewijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke de Haas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Mark A J Gorris
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Croockewit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke L van der Woude
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle M van Rossum
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Welzen
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna de Goede
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stanleyson V Hato
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Oncological Center, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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11
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Bloemendal M, van Willigen WW, Bol KF, de Wilt JHW. ASO Author Reflections: Frequent Relapses Prior to the Start of Adjuvant Therapy in Stage IIIB/C Melanoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:3953-3954. [PMID: 31396780 PMCID: PMC6787109 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter W van Willigen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Rabold K, Wculek SK, Schwarze JK, Dzionek A, Teijeira A, Kandalaft LE, Romero P, Coukos G, Neyns B, Sancho D, Melero I, de Vries IJM. The clinical application of cancer immunotherapy based on naturally circulating dendritic cells. J Immunother Cancer 2019. [PMID: 30999964 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0580-] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) can initiate and direct adaptive immune responses. This ability is exploitable in DC vaccination strategies, in which DCs are educated ex vivo to present tumor antigens and are administered into the patient with the aim to induce a tumor-specific immune response. DC vaccination remains a promising approach with the potential to further improve cancer immunotherapy with little or no evidence of treatment-limiting toxicity. However, evidence for objective clinical antitumor activity of DC vaccination is currently limited, hampering the clinical implementation. One possible explanation for this is that the most commonly used monocyte-derived DCs may not be the best source for DC-based immunotherapy. The novel approach to use naturally circulating DCs may be an attractive alternative. In contrast to monocyte-derived DCs, naturally circulating DCs are relatively scarce but do not require extensive culture periods. Thereby, their functional capabilities are preserved, the reproducibility of clinical applications is increased, and the cells are not dysfunctional before injection. In human blood, at least three DC subsets can be distinguished, plasmacytoid DCs, CD141+ and CD1c+ myeloid/conventional DCs, each with distinct functional characteristics. In completed clinical trials, either CD1c+ myeloid DCs or plasmacytoid DCs were administered and showed encouraging immunological and clinical outcomes. Currently, also the combination of CD1c+ myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs as well as the intratumoral use of CD1c+ myeloid DCs is under investigation in the clinic. Isolation and culture strategies for CD141+ myeloid DCs are being developed. Here, we summarize and discuss recent clinical developments and future prospects of natural DC-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Katrin Rabold
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Radboud university medical centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie K Wculek
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares `Carlos III`, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares `Carlos III`, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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13
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Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Rabold K, Wculek SK, Schwarze JK, Dzionek A, Teijeira A, Kandalaft LE, Romero P, Coukos G, Neyns B, Sancho D, Melero I, de Vries IJM. The clinical application of cancer immunotherapy based on naturally circulating dendritic cells. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:109. [PMID: 30999964 PMCID: PMC6471787 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0580-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) can initiate and direct adaptive immune responses. This ability is exploitable in DC vaccination strategies, in which DCs are educated ex vivo to present tumor antigens and are administered into the patient with the aim to induce a tumor-specific immune response. DC vaccination remains a promising approach with the potential to further improve cancer immunotherapy with little or no evidence of treatment-limiting toxicity. However, evidence for objective clinical antitumor activity of DC vaccination is currently limited, hampering the clinical implementation. One possible explanation for this is that the most commonly used monocyte-derived DCs may not be the best source for DC-based immunotherapy. The novel approach to use naturally circulating DCs may be an attractive alternative. In contrast to monocyte-derived DCs, naturally circulating DCs are relatively scarce but do not require extensive culture periods. Thereby, their functional capabilities are preserved, the reproducibility of clinical applications is increased, and the cells are not dysfunctional before injection. In human blood, at least three DC subsets can be distinguished, plasmacytoid DCs, CD141+ and CD1c+ myeloid/conventional DCs, each with distinct functional characteristics. In completed clinical trials, either CD1c+ myeloid DCs or plasmacytoid DCs were administered and showed encouraging immunological and clinical outcomes. Currently, also the combination of CD1c+ myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs as well as the intratumoral use of CD1c+ myeloid DCs is under investigation in the clinic. Isolation and culture strategies for CD141+ myeloid DCs are being developed. Here, we summarize and discuss recent clinical developments and future prospects of natural DC-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F. Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Katrin Rabold
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Radboud university medical centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie K. Wculek
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares `Carlos III`, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lana E. Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares `Carlos III`, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Jolanda M. de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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14
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Bloemendal M, van Willigen WW, Bol KF, Boers-Sonderen MJ, Bonenkamp JJ, Werner JEM, Aarntzen EHJG, Koornstra RHT, de Groot JWB, de Vries IJM, van der Hoeven JJM, Gerritsen WR, de Wilt JHW. Early Recurrence in Completely Resected IIIB and IIIC Melanoma Warrants Restaging Prior to Adjuvant Therapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:3945-3952. [PMID: 30830540 PMCID: PMC6787294 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the results of restaging completely resected stage IIIB/C melanoma prior to start of adjuvant therapy. Patients and Methods One hundred twenty patients with stage IIIB or IIIC (AJCC 2009) melanoma who underwent complete surgical resection were screened for inclusion in our trial investigating adjuvant dendritic cell therapy (NCT02993315). All patients underwent imaging to exclude local relapse or metastasis before entering the trial. The frequency of recurrent disease within 12 weeks after resection and the method of detection were investigated. Results Sixty-nine (58%) stage IIIB and 51 (43%) stage IIIC melanoma patients were screened. Median age was 54 (range 27–79) years. Twenty-two (18%) of 120 patients with completely resected stage IIIB/C melanoma had evidence of early recurrent disease, despite exclusion thereof by prior imaging. Median interval between resection and detection of relapse was 7.4 (range 4.3–10.7) weeks. Recurrence was asymptomatic in 17 (77%) patients, but metastasis was noticed by the patient or physician in 5 (23%). Eight patients with local relapse received local treatment with curative intent, and one was treated with systemic therapy. The remaining patients had distant metastasis, 1 of whom underwent resection of a solitary liver metastasis while 12 patients received systemic treatment. Conclusions Patients with completely resected stage IIIB/C melanoma have high risk of early recurrence before start of adjuvant therapy. Restaging should be considered for high-risk melanoma patients before start of adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter W van Willigen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marye J Boers-Sonderen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes J Bonenkamp
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J E M Werner
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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15
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van Willigen WW, Bloemendal M, Gerritsen WR, Schreibelt G, de Vries IJM, Bol KF. Dendritic Cell Cancer Therapy: Vaccinating the Right Patient at the Right Time. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2265. [PMID: 30327656 PMCID: PMC6174277 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors propelled the field of oncology with clinical responses in many different tumor types. Superior overall survival over chemotherapy has been reported in various metastatic cancers. Furthermore, prolonged disease-free and overall survival have been reported in the adjuvant treatment of stage III melanoma. Unfortunately, a substantial portion of patients do not obtain a durable response. Therefore, additional strategies for the treatment of cancer are still warranted. One of the numerous options is dendritic cell vaccination, which employs the central role of dendritic cells in activating the innate and adaptive immune system. Over the years, dendritic cell vaccination was shown to be able to induce an immunologic response, to increase the number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and to provide overall survival benefit for at least a selection of patients in phase II studies. However, with the success of immune checkpoint inhibition in several malignancies and considering the plethora of other treatment modalities being developed, it is of utmost importance to delineate the position of dendritic cell therapy in the treatment landscape of cancer. In this review, we address some key questions regarding the integration of dendritic cell vaccination in future cancer treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter W van Willigen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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16
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Hato SV, Figdor CG, Takahashi S, Pen AE, Halilovic A, Bol KF, Vasaturo A, Inoue Y, de Haas N, Verweij D, Van Herpen CML, Kaanders JH, van Krieken JHJM, Van Laarhoven HWM, Hooijer GKJ, Punt CJA, Asai A, de Vries IJM, Lesterhuis WJ. Direct inhibition of STAT signaling by platinum drugs contributes to their anti-cancer activity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54434-54443. [PMID: 28903353 PMCID: PMC5589592 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapeutics are amongst the most powerful anti-cancer drugs. Although their exact mechanism of action is not well understood, it is thought to be mediated through covalent DNA binding. We investigated the effect of platinum-based chemotherapeutics on signaling through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, which are involved in many oncogenic signaling pathways. We performed in vitro experiments in various cancer cell lines, investigating the effects of platinum chemotherapeutics on STAT phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, the expression of STAT-modulating proteins and downstream signaling pathways. Direct binding of platinum to STAT proteins was assessed using an AlphaScreen assay. Nuclear STAT3 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and correlated with disease-free survival in retrospective cohorts of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (n= 65) or with radiotherapy alone (n = 32). At clinically relevant concentrations, platinum compounds inhibited STAT phosphorylation, resulting in loss of constitutively activated STAT proteins in multiple distinct cancer cell lines. Platinum drugs specifically inhibited phospho-tyrosine binding to SH2 domains, thereby blocking STAT activation, and subsequently downregulating pro-survival- and anti-apoptotic- target genes. Importantly, we found that active STAT3 in tumors directly correlated with response to cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy in HNSCC patients (p = 0.006). These findings provide insight into a novel, non-DNA-targeted mechanism of action of platinum drugs, and could be leveraged into the use of STAT expression as predictive biomarker for cisplatin chemotherapy and to potentiate other therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanleyson V Hato
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susumu Takahashi
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Anja E Pen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Altuna Halilovic
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Vasaturo
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yukie Inoue
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nienke de Haas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Verweij
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carla M L Van Herpen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H Kaanders
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan H J M van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M Van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit K J Hooijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Current address: University of Western Australia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Perth, Australia
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Halilovic A, Bol KF. The use of dendritic cell vaccinations in melanoma: where are we now? Melanoma Manag 2016; 3:247-250. [PMID: 30190894 DOI: 10.2217/mmt-2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Altuna Halilovic
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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18
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Bol KF, van den Bosch T, Schreibelt G, Mensink HW, Keunen JE, Kiliç E, Japing WJ, Geul KW, Westdorp H, Boudewijns S, Croockewit SA, van Rossum MM, de Goede AL, Naus NC, van der Graaf WT, Gerritsen WR, de Klein A, Punt CJ, Figdor CG, Cohen VM, Paridaens D, de Vries IJM. Adjuvant Dendritic Cell Vaccination in High-Risk Uveal Melanoma. Ophthalmology 2016; 123:2265-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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19
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Boudewijns S, Koornstra RHT, Westdorp H, Schreibelt G, van den Eertwegh AJM, Geukes Foppen MH, Haanen JB, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG, Bol KF, Gerritsen WR. Ipilimumab administered to metastatic melanoma patients who progressed after dendritic cell vaccination. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1201625. [PMID: 27622070 PMCID: PMC5007966 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1201625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ipilimumab has proven to be effective in metastatic melanoma patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of ipilimumab in advanced melanoma patients who showed progressive disease upon experimental dendritic cell (DC) vaccination. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 48 stage IV melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab after progression upon DC vaccination earlier in their treatment. DC vaccination was given either as adjuvant treatment for stage III disease (n = 18) or for stage IV disease (n = 30). Ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) was administered every 3 weeks for up to 4 cycles. Results: Median time between progression upon DC vaccination and first gift of ipilimumab was 5.4 mo. Progression-free survival (PFS) rates for patients that received ipilimumab after adjuvant DC vaccination, and patients that received DC vaccination for stage IV melanoma, were 35% and 7% at 1 y and 35% and 3% at 2 y, while the median PFS was 2.9 mo and 3.1 mo, respectively. Median overall survival of patients pre-treated with adjuvant DC vaccination for stage III melanoma was not reached versus 8.0 mo (95% CI, 5.2–10.9) in the group pre-treated with DC vaccination for stage IV disease (HR of death, 0.36; p = 0.017). Grade 3 immune-related adverse events occurred in 19% of patients and one death (2%) was related to ipilimumab. Conclusions: Clinical responses to ipilimumab were found in a considerable number of advanced melanoma patients with progression after adjuvant DC vaccination for stage III disease, while the effect was very limited in patients who showed progression after DC vaccination for stage IV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Boudewijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alfons J M van den Eertwegh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marnix H Geukes Foppen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John B Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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20
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Boudewijns S, Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Westdorp H, Textor JC, van Rossum MM, Scharenborg NM, de Boer AJ, van de Rakt MWMM, Pots JM, van Oorschot TGM, Duiveman-de Boer T, Olde Nordkamp MA, van Meeteren WSEC, van der Graaf WTA, Bonenkamp JJ, de Wilt JHW, Aarntzen EHJG, Punt CJA, Gerritsen WR, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination induces tumor-specific immune responses in the majority of stage III melanoma patients. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1191732. [PMID: 27622047 PMCID: PMC5006921 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1191732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of adjuvant dendritic cell (DC) vaccination to induce tumor-specific immunological responses in stage III melanoma patients. Experimental design: Retrospective analysis of stage III melanoma patients, vaccinated with autologous monocyte-derived DC loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAA) gp100 and tyrosinase after radical lymph node dissection. Skin-test infiltrating lymphocytes (SKILs) obtained from delayed-type hypersensitivity skin-test biopsies were analyzed for the presence of TAA-specific CD8+ T cells by tetrameric MHC-peptide complexes and by functional TAA-specific T cell assays, defined by peptide-recognition (T2 cells) and/or tumor-recognition (BLM and/or MEL624) with specific production of Th1 cytokines and no Th2 cytokines. Results: Ninety-seven patients were analyzed: 21 with stage IIIA, 34 with stage IIIB, and 42 had stage IIIC disease. Tetramer-positive CD8+ T cells were present in 68 patients (70%), and 24 of them showed a response against all 3 epitopes tested (gp100:154–162, gp100:280–288, and tyrosinase:369–377) at any point during vaccinations. A functional T cell response was found in 62 patients (64%). Rates of peptide-recognition of gp100:154–162, gp100:280–288, and tyrosinase:369–377 were 40%, 29%, and 45%, respectively. Median recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival of the whole study population were 23.0 mo and 36.8 mo, respectively. Conclusions: DC vaccination induces a functional TAA-specific T cell response in the majority of stage III melanoma patients, indicating it is more effective in stage III than in stage IV melanoma patients. Furthermore, performing multiple cycles of vaccinations enhances the chance of a broader immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Boudewijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes C Textor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle M van Rossum
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Scharenborg
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek J de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mandy W M M van de Rakt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanne M Pots
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom G M van Oorschot
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Duiveman-de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michel A Olde Nordkamp
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Winette T A van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes J Bonenkamp
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Schreibelt G, Bol KF, Westdorp H, Wimmers F, Aarntzen EHJG, Duiveman-de Boer T, van de Rakt MWMM, Scharenborg NM, de Boer AJ, Pots JM, Olde Nordkamp MAM, van Oorschot TGM, Tel J, Winkels G, Petry K, Blokx WAM, van Rossum MM, Welzen MEB, Mus RDM, Croockewit SAJ, Koornstra RHT, Jacobs JFM, Kelderman S, Blank CU, Gerritsen WR, Punt CJA, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Effective Clinical Responses in Metastatic Melanoma Patients after Vaccination with Primary Myeloid Dendritic Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:2155-66. [PMID: 26712687 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thus far, dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy of cancer was primarily based on in vitro-generated monocyte-derived DCs, which require extensive in vitro manipulation. Here, we report on a clinical study exploiting primary CD1c(+) myeloid DCs, naturally circulating in the blood. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Fourteen stage IV melanoma patients, without previous systemic treatment for metastatic disease, received autologous CD1c(+) myeloid DCs, activated by only brief (16 hours) ex vivo culture and loaded with tumor-associated antigens of tyrosinase and gp100. RESULTS Our results show that therapeutic vaccination against melanoma with small amounts (3-10 × 10(6)) of myeloid DCs is feasible and without substantial toxicity. Four of 14 patients showed long-term progression-free survival (12-35 months), which directly correlated with the development of multifunctional CD8(+) T-cell responses in three of these patients. In particular, high CD107a expression, indicative for cytolytic activity, and IFNγ as well as TNFα and CCL4 production was observed. Apparently, these T-cell responses are essential to induce tumor regression and promote long-term survival by stalling tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS We show that vaccination of metastatic melanoma patients with primary myeloid DCs is feasible and safe and results in induction of effective antitumor immune responses that coincide with improved progression-free survival. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2155-66. ©2015 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Florian Wimmers
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Duiveman-de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mandy W M M van de Rakt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Scharenborg
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek J de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanette M Pots
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michel A M Olde Nordkamp
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom G M van Oorschot
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Katja Petry
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Willeke A M Blokx
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle M van Rossum
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke E B Welzen
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Roel D M Mus
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra A J Croockewit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joannes F M Jacobs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kelderman
- Department of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian U Blank
- Department of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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22
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Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Gerritsen WR, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG. Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy: State of the Art and Beyond. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:1897-906. [PMID: 27084743 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in cancer patients aims to induce or augment an effective antitumor immune response against tumor antigens and was first explored in a clinical trial in the 1990s. More than two decades later, numerous clinical trials have been performed or are ongoing with a wide variety of DC subsets, culture protocols, and treatment regimens. The safety of DC vaccination and its ability to induce antitumor responses have clearly been established; however, although scattered patients with long-term benefit were reported, DC vaccines have not yet fulfilled their promise, perhaps mainly due to the lack of large-scale well-conducted phase II/III trials. To allow meaningful multicenter phase III trials, the production of DC vaccines should be standardized between centers which is now becoming feasible. To improve the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy, it could be combined with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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23
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Vasaturo A, Halilovic A, Bol KF, Verweij DI, Blokx WAM, Punt CJA, Groenen PJTA, van Krieken JHJM, Textor J, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG. T-cell Landscape in a Primary Melanoma Predicts the Survival of Patients with Metastatic Disease after Their Treatment with Dendritic Cell Vaccines. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3496-506. [PMID: 27197179 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes appear to be a predictor of survival in many cancers, including cutaneous melanoma. We applied automated multispectral imaging to determine whether density and distribution of T cells within primary cutaneous melanoma tissue correlate with survival of metastatic melanoma patients after dendritic cell (DC) vaccination. CD3(+) T cell infiltration in primary tumors from 77 metastatic melanoma patients was quantified using the ratio of intratumoral versus peritumoral T-cell densities (I/P ratio). Patients with longer survival after DC vaccination had stronger T-cell infiltration than patients with shorter survival in a discovery cohort of 19 patients (P = 0.000026) and a validation cohort of 39 patients (P = 0.000016). I/P ratio was the strongest predictor of survival in a multivariate analysis including M substage and serum lactate dehydrogenase level. To evaluate I/P ratio as a predictive biomarker, we analyzed 19 chemotherapy-treated patients. Longer survival times of DC-vaccinated compared with chemotherapy-treated patients was observed for high (P = 0.000566), but not low (P = 0.154) I/P ratios. In conclusion, T-cell infiltration into primary melanoma is a strong predictor of survival after DC vaccination in metastatic melanoma patients who, on average, started this therapy several years after primary tumor resection. The infiltration remains predictive even after adjustment for late-stage prognostic markers. Our findings suggest that the I/P ratio is a potential predictive biomarker for treatment selection. Cancer Res; 76(12); 3496-506. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Vasaturo
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Altuna Halilovic
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dagmar I Verweij
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Willeke A M Blokx
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - J Han J M van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Textor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Theoretical Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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24
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Bol KF, Aarntzen EHJG, Pots JM, Olde Nordkamp MAM, van de Rakt MWMM, Scharenborg NM, de Boer AJ, van Oorschot TGM, Croockewit SAJ, Blokx WAM, Oyen WJG, Boerman OC, Mus RDM, van Rossum MM, van der Graaf CAA, Punt CJA, Adema GJ, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM, Schreibelt G. Prophylactic vaccines are potent activators of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and drive effective anti-tumor responses in melanoma patients at the cost of toxicity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:327-39. [PMID: 26861670 PMCID: PMC4779136 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is explored worldwide in cancer patients, predominantly with DC matured with pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2. We studied the safety and efficacy of vaccination with monocyte-derived DC matured with a cocktail of prophylactic vaccines that contain clinical-grade Toll-like receptor ligands (BCG, Typhim, Act-HIB) and prostaglandin E2 (VAC-DC). Stage III and IV melanoma patients were vaccinated via intranodal injection (12 patients) or combined intradermal/intravenous injection (16 patients) with VAC-DC loaded with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and mRNA encoding tumor antigens gp100 and tyrosinase. Tumor antigen-specific T cell responses were monitored in blood and skin-test infiltrating-lymphocyte cultures. Almost all patients mounted prophylactic vaccine- or KLH-specific immune responses. Both after intranodal injection and after intradermal/intravenous injection, tumor antigen-specific immune responses were detected, which coincide with longer overall survival in stage IV melanoma patients. VAC-DC induce local and systemic CTC grade 2 and 3 toxicity, which is most likely caused by BCG in the maturation cocktail. The side effects were self-limiting or resolved upon a short period of systemic steroid therapy. We conclude that VAC-DC can induce functional tumor-specific responses. Unfortunately, toxicity observed after vaccination precludes the general application of VAC-DC, since in DC maturated with prophylactic vaccines BCG appears to be essential in the maturation cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette M Pots
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel A M Olde Nordkamp
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy W M M van de Rakt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Scharenborg
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek J de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom G M van Oorschot
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra A J Croockewit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke A M Blokx
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim J G Oyen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Otto C Boerman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel D M Mus
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle M van Rossum
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Schreibelt G, Bol KF, Westdorp H, Boudewijns S, Gerritsen WR, Hoogerbrugge N, Figdor CG. Abstract IA44: Cancer prevention: Dendritic cell enhanced immune responses towards neoantigens in patients with Lynch syndrome. Cancer Immunol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr15-ia44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To date, dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is explored worldwide in clinical vaccination trials with cancer patients. Although during the past 15 years the concept of DC vaccination has been clearly proven and found safe, the number of patients that have long-term benefit is still limited. Therefore the development of bioassays that predict clinical outcome are essential to optimize cellular anticancer immunotherapy. We have developed a robust and simple skin test to evaluate the capacity of tumor-specific T cells to migrate, recognize their targets and exert effector functions. This bioassay detects skin infiltrating T lymphocytes (SKILs) with an elevated antineoplastic potential and hence identifies patients responding to immunotherapy once started. The identification of a biomarker already available before start of treatment would facilitate decision-making regarding (prophylactic) immunotherapy. We recently identified that the ratio between peri/intratumoral T cells in the primary tumor, is an excellent predictor of survival after DC-based immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma patients.
Patients with a high density of T cells in primary tumors, hence putative candidates for DC vaccination, are Lynch syndrome patients. They have an up to 80% lifetime risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) due to a germline DNA mismatch-repair gene mutation (Lynch syndrome). MMR deficiency in tumor DNA causes shifts in the translational reading frame resulting in the expression of neoantigens. We exploited these neoantigens for vaccination of Lynch syndrome-associated CRC using DC. Patients were vaccinated with monocyte-derived DC loaded with MHC-class I-binding neoantigens (mutated Caspase-5 and TGF-βRII) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). With our bioassay, we detected SKILs that were able to migrate to the antigen-challenged site, recognize their targets (neoantigens) and exert effector functions shown by high amounts of interferon-γ upon stimulation with neoantigen-loaded target cells. No severe adverse events were detected. Our data emphasize the potency of DC-based immunotherapy to enhance the hosts antitumor immunity. Furthermore, this study paved the way for vaccination aiming at cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome mutation carriers. We recently started a clinical study with the here developed dendritic cells in these lynch syndrome mutation carriers. To date, promising immunological results are noted.
Citation Format: Jolanda de Vries, Gerty Schreibelt, Kalijn F. Bol, Harm Westdorp, Steve Boudewijns, Winald R. Gerritsen, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Carl G. Figdor. Cancer prevention: Dendritic cell enhanced immune responses towards neoantigens in patients with Lynch syndrome. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA44.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalijn F. Bol
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Carl G. Figdor
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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26
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Bol KF, Figdor CG, Aarntzen EHJG, Welzen MEB, van Rossum MM, Blokx WAM, van de Rakt MWMM, Scharenborg NM, de Boer AJ, Pots JM, olde Nordkamp MAM, van Oorschot TGM, Mus RDM, Croockewit SAJ, Jacobs JFM, Schuler G, Neyns B, Austyn JM, Punt CJA, Schreibelt G, de Vries IJM. Intranodal vaccination with mRNA-optimized dendritic cells in metastatic melanoma patients. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1019197. [PMID: 26405571 PMCID: PMC4570143 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1019197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous dendritic cell (DC) therapy is an experimental cellular immunotherapy that is safe and immunogenic in patients with advanced melanoma. In an attempt to further improve the therapeutic responses, we treated 15 patients with melanoma, with autologous monocyte-derived immature DC electroporated with mRNA encoding CD40 ligand (CD40L), CD70 and a constitutively active TLR4 (caTLR4) together with mRNA encoding a tumor-associated antigen (TAA; respectively gp100 or tyrosinase). In addition, DC were pulsed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) that served as a control antigen. Production of this DC vaccine with high cellular viability, high expression of co-stimulatory molecules and MHC class I and II and production of IL-12p70, was feasible in all patients. A vaccination cycle consisting of three vaccinations with up to 15×106 DC per vaccination at a biweekly interval, was repeated after 6 and 12 months in the absence of disease progression. mRNA-optimized DC were injected intranodally, because of low CCR7 expression on the DC, and induced de novo immune responses against control antigen. T cell responses against tyrosinase were detected in the skin-test infiltrating lymphocytes (SKIL) of two patients. One mixed tumor response and two durable tumor stabilizations were observed among 8 patients with evaluable disease at baseline. In conclusion, autologous mRNA-optimized DC can be safely administered intranodally to patients with metastatic melanoma but showed limited immunological responses against tyrosinase and gp100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Medical Oncology; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik HJG Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke EB Welzen
- Pharmacy; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Willeke AM Blokx
- Pathology; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy WMM van de Rakt
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Scharenborg
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek J de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette M Pots
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel AM olde Nordkamp
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom GM van Oorschot
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel DM Mus
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joannes FM Jacobs
- Laboratory Medicine; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan M Austyn
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences; John Radcliffe Hospital; University of Oxford; Oxford, UK
| | - Cornelis JA Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology (Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences); Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Medical Oncology; Radboud university medical centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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27
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Bol KF, Aarntzen EHJG, Hout FEMI', Schreibelt G, Creemers JHA, Lesterhuis WJ, Gerritsen WR, Grunhagen DJ, Verhoef C, Punt CJA, Bonenkamp JJ, de Wilt JHW, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Favorable overall survival in stage III melanoma patients after adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1057673. [PMID: 26942068 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1057673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma patients with regional metastatic disease are at high risk for recurrence and metastatic disease, despite radical lymph node dissection (RLND). We investigated the immunologic response and clinical outcome to adjuvant dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in melanoma patients with regional metastatic disease who underwent RLND with curative intent. In this retrospective study, 78 melanoma patients with regional lymph node metastasis who underwent RLND received autologous DCs loaded with gp100 and tyrosinase and were analyzed for functional tumor-specific T cell responses in skin-test infiltrating lymphocytes. The study shows that adjuvant DC vaccination in melanoma patients with regional lymph node metastasis is safe and induced functional tumor-specific T cell responses in 71% of the patients. The presence of functional tumor-specific T cells was correlated with a better 2-year overall survival (OS) rate. OS was significantly higher after adjuvant DC vaccination compared to 209 matched controls who underwent RLND without adjuvant DC vaccination, 63.6 mo vs. 31.0 mo (p = 0.018; hazard ratio 0.59; 95%CI 0.42-0.84). Five-year survival rate increased from 38% to 53% (p < 0.01). In summary, in melanoma patients with regional metastatic disease, who are at high risk for recurrence and metastatic disease after RLND, adjuvant DC vaccination is well tolerated. It induced functional tumor-specific immune responses in the majority of patients and these were related to clinical outcome. OS was significantly higher compared to matched controls. A randomized clinical trial is needed to prospectively validate the efficacy of DC vaccination in the adjuvant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Florentien E M In 't Hout
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Surgical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H A Creemers
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology; University of Western Australia; Crawley, Australia
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Grunhagen
- Department Surgical Oncology; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute ; Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- Department Surgical Oncology; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute ; Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology; Academic Medical Center ; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes J Bonenkamp
- Department of Surgical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bol KF, Mensink HW, Aarntzen EHJG, Schreibelt G, Keunen JEE, Coulie PG, de Klein A, Punt CJA, Paridaens D, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Long overall survival after dendritic cell vaccination in metastatic uveal melanoma patients. Am J Ophthalmol 2014; 158:939-47. [PMID: 25038326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the safety and efficacy of dendritic cell vaccination in metastatic uveal melanoma. DESIGN Interventional case series. METHODS We analyzed 14 patients with metastatic uveal melanoma treated with dendritic cell vaccination. Patients with metastatic uveal melanoma received at least 3 vaccinations with autologous dendritic cells, professional antigen-presenting cells loaded with melanoma antigens gp100 and tyrosinase. The main outcome measures were safety, immunologic response, and overall survival. RESULTS Tumor-specific immune responses were induced with dendritic cell vaccination in 4 (29%) of 14 patients. Dendritic cell-vaccinated patients showed a median overall survival with metastatic disease of 19.2 months, relatively long compared with that reported in the literature. No severe treatment-related toxicities (common toxicity criteria grade 3 or 4) were observed. CONCLUSIONS Dendritic cell vaccination is feasible and safe in metastatic uveal melanoma. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is potent to enhance the host's antitumor immunity against uveal melanoma in approximately one third of patients. Compared with other prospective studies with similar inclusion criteria, dendritic cell vaccination may be associated with longer than average overall survival in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W Mensink
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan E E Keunen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pierre G Coulie
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dion Paridaens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Bol KF, Tel J, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG. Naturally circulating dendritic cells to vaccinate cancer patients. Oncoimmunology 2014; 2:e23431. [PMID: 23802086 PMCID: PMC3661171 DOI: 10.4161/onci.23431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is a promising strategy against cancer that appears to be feasible, safe and to induce potent tumor-specific immune responses. The use of naturally circulating dendritic cells (DCs), rather than cultured monocyte-derived DCs, might constitute the next logical step to translate anticancer immune responses into long-lasting clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; Department of Medical Oncology; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Schreibelt G, Bol KF, Aarntzen EH, Gerritsen WR, Punt CJ, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Importance of helper T-cell activation in dendritic cell-based anticancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2013; 2:e24440. [PMID: 23894702 PMCID: PMC3716737 DOI: 10.4161/onci.24440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell-based anticancer immunotherapy is feasible, safe and results in the induction of tumor-specific immune responses, at least in a fraction of vaccinated patients. The concomitant activation of cytotoxic and helper T cells, by loading DCs with peptides or electroporating them with the corresponding mRNAs, may further enhance vaccine-induced antitumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Jacobs JF, Idema AJ, Bol KF, Grotenhuis JA, de Vries IJM, Wesseling P, Adema GJ. Prognostic significance and mechanism of Treg infiltration in human brain tumors. J Neuroimmunol 2010; 225:195-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jacobs JF, Idema AJ, Bol KF, Nierkens S, Grauer OM, Wesseling P, Grotenhuis JA, Hoogerbrugge PM, de Vries IJM, Adema GJ. Regulatory T cells and the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway mediate immune suppression in malignant human brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2009; 11:394-402. [PMID: 19028999 PMCID: PMC2743219 DOI: 10.1215/15228517-2008-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is a specialized immune site representing a unique tumor microenvironment. The availability of fresh brain tumor material for ex vivo analysis is often limited because large parts of many brain tumors are resected using ultrasonic aspiration. We analyzed ultrasonic tumor aspirates as a biosource to study immune suppressive mechanisms in 83 human brain tumors. Lymphocyte infiltrates in brain tumor tissues and ultrasonic aspirates were comparable with respect to lymphocyte content and viability. Applying ultrasonic aspirates, we detected massive infiltration of CD4+FoxP3+CD25(high) CD127(low) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in glioblastomas (n = 29) and metastatic brain tumors (n = 20). No Treg accumulation was observed in benign tumors such as meningiomas (n = 10) and pituitary adenomas (n = 5). A significant Treg increase in blood was seen only in patients with metastatic brain tumors. Tregs in high-grade tumors exhibited an activated phenotype as indicated by decreased proliferation and elevated CTLA-4 and FoxP3 expression relative to blood Tregs. Functional analysis showed that the tumor-derived Tregs efficiently suppressed cytokine secretion and proliferation of autologous intratumoral lymphocytes. Most tumor-infiltrating Tregs were localized in close proximity to effector T cells, as visualized by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, 61% of the malignant brain tumors expressed programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), while the inhibitory PD-1 receptor was expressed on CD4+ effector cells present in 26% of tumors. In conclusion, using ultrasonic tumor aspirates as a biosource we identified Tregs and the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway as immune suppressive mechanisms in malignant but not benign human brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joannes F.M. Jacobs
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Albert J. Idema
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Kalijn F. Bol
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Oliver M. Grauer
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - J. André Grotenhuis
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Peter M. Hoogerbrugge
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - I. Jolanda M. de Vries
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
| | - Gosse J. Adema
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology (J.F.M.J., P.M.H., I.J.M.V.), Neurosurgery (A.J.I., J.A.G.), and Pathology (P.W.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (K.F.B., S.N., O.M.G., I.J.M.V., G.J.A.); Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (O.M.G.); Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (P.W.)
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