Erratum: Publisher's Note: "Magneto-responsive hyaluronan hydrogel for hyperthermia and bioprinting: Magnetic, rheological properties and biocompatibility" [APL Bioeng. , 036113 (2023)]

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1063/5.0147181.].

Magneto-responsive hyaluronan hydrogel for hyperthermia and bioprinting: Magnetic, rheological properties and biocompatibility

Magneto-responsive soft hydrogels are used for a number of biomedical applications, e.g., magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and neuromodulation. In this work, this type of hydrogel has been fabricated from hyaluronan (HA) filled with a binary system of Al2O3 nanoparticles and multicore magnetic particles (MCPs), which were obtained by clustering of superparamagnetic iron oxide FeOx NPs. It was established that the presence of diamagnetic Al2O3 has several positive effects: it enhances the hydrogel storage modulus and long-term stability in the cell cultivation medium; prevents the magnetic interaction among the MCPs. The HA hydrogel provides rapid heating of 0.3 °C per min under exposure to low amplitude radio frequency alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the magneto-responsive hydrogel was successfully used to encapsulate cells and extrusion-based 3D printing with 87±6% cell viability, thus providing a bio-ink. The combination of high heating efficiency, softness, cytocompatibility, and 3D printability of magnetic HA hydrogel leads to a material suitable for biomedical applications.

Glycemic Control by Treatment Modalities: National Registry-Based Population Data in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

INTRODUCTION

The aim of the study was to assess the differences in key parameters of type 1 diabetes (T1D) control associated with treatment and monitoring modalities including newly introduced hybrid closed-loop (HCL) algorithm in children and adolescents with T1D (CwD) using the data from the population-wide pediatric diabetes registry ČENDA.

METHODS

CwD younger than 19 years with T1D duration >1 year were included and divided according to the treatment modality and type of CGM used: multiple daily injection (MDI), insulin pump without (CSII) and with HCL function, intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM), real-time CGM (rtCGM), and intermittent or no CGM (noCGM). HbA1c, times in glycemic ranges, and glucose risk index (GRI) were compared between the groups.

RESULTS

Data of a total of 3,251 children (mean age 13.4 ± 3.8 years) were analyzed. 2,187 (67.3%) were treated with MDI, 1,064 (32.7%) with insulin pump, 585/1,064 (55%) with HCL. The HCL users achieved the highest median TIR 75.4% (IQR 6.3) and lowest GRI 29.1 (7.8), both p < 0.001 compared to other groups, followed by MDI rtCGM and CSII groups with TIR 68.8% (IQR 9.0) and 69.0% (7.5), GRI 38.8 (12.5) and 40.1 (8.5), respectively (nonsignificant to each other). These three groups did not significantly differ in their HbA1c medians (51.8 [IQR 4.5], 50.7 [4.5], and 52.7 [5.7] mmol/mol, respectively). NoCGM groups had the highest HbA1c and GRI and lowest TIR regardless of the treatment modality.

CONCLUSION

This population-based study shows that the HCL technology is superior to other treatment modalities in CGM-derived parameters and should be considered as a treatment of choice in all CwD fulfilling the indication criteria.

Type 1 diabetes incidence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic years 2020-2021 in Czechia: Results from a large population-based pediatric register

BACKGROUND

To explore type 1 diabetes incidence patterns during the pandemic years 2020 and 2021 in Czechia, to compare them to the trends from the previous decade, and to test its association with indicators of containment measures and of pandemic severity (school closing and the all-cause excess mortality).

METHODS

The Czech Childhood Diabetes Register is a population-based incidence register recording patients age 0-14.99 years at diabetes onset. Type 1 diabetes incidence in the pandemic period (April 2020-end of observation Dec 2021) was compared by Poisson regression models to the incidence patterns over the past decade 2010-2019.

RESULTS

During the pandemic years 2020-2021, 956 children 0-14.99 years old manifested with type 1 diabetes in Czechia. The observed incidence (27.2/100,000/year) was significantly higher than what was expected from the trends over 2010-2019 (incidence rate ratio, IRR = 1.16, 95%CI 1.06-1.28, p = 0.0022). The incidence had a trough during the first lockdown (March-May 2020), then it rose above expected values with no usual summer decrease. The assessed pandemic indicators (school closing and all-cause excess mortality) were not associated with the incidence levels.

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a notable upward inflection of the type 1 diabetes incidence curve; the early months of the first lockdown were however hallmarked by a significant dip in new diabetes diagnoses. Long-term observation will show whether the increased incidence originated only from accelerating an advanced preclinical Stage 2 to overt diabetes, or whether the pandemic triggered new cases of islet autoimmunity.