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Lemr K, Havlíček V. Editorial: Frank Turecek Laudation. Mass Spectrometry Reviews 2024; 43:411-412. [PMID: 37449682 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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2
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Mácha H, Zápal J, Kuzma M, Luptáková D, Lemr K, Havlíček V. Exploring the Effects of Cyclosporin A to Isocyclosporin A Rearrangement on Ion Mobility Separation. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4163-4170. [PMID: 38430121 PMCID: PMC10938282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CycA) is a peptide secondary metabolite derived from fungi that plays a crucial role in transplantation surgery. Cyclic traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) revealed an N → O peptidyl shift in singly protonated CycA to isocyclosporin A (isoA), whereas no such isomerization was observed for doubly protonated and sodiated molecules. CycA and isoA were able to be separated by considering doubly protonated precursors using a specific ion fragment. In parallel, sodium ion stabilization facilitated the simultaneous separation and quantitation of singly charged cyclosporin isomers with the limit of detection and coefficient of determination of 1.3% and 0.9908 for CycA in isoA and 1.0% and 0.9830 for isoA in CycA, respectively. Finally, 1H-13C gHSQC NMR experiments permitted parallel recording of up to 11 cyclosporin conformers. The ratios were determined by integrating the volume of cross-peaks of the upfield resonating hydrogen in the diastereotopic methylene group of sarcosine-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hynek Mácha
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 771 46, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Zápal
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 771 46, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Luptáková
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 771 46, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 771 46, Czech Republic
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Wan J, Nytka M, Qian H, Vu K, Lemr K, Tureček F. Nitrile Imines as Peptide and Oligonucleotide Photo-Cross-Linkers in Gas-Phase Ions. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2024; 35:344-356. [PMID: 38252626 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nitrile imines produced by photodissociation of 2,5-diaryltetrazoles undergo cross-linking reactions with amide groups in peptide-tetrazole (tet-peptide) conjugates and a tet-peptide-dinucleotide complex. Tetrazole photodissociation in gas-phase ions is efficient, achieving ca. 50% conversion with 2 laser pulses at 250 nm. The formation of cross-links was detected by CID-MS3 that showed structure-significant dissociations by loss of side-chain groups and internal peptide segments. The structure and composition of cross-linking products were established by a combination of UV-vis action spectroscopy and cyclic ion mobility mass spectrometry (c-IMS). The experimental absorption bands were found to match the bands calculated for vibronic absorption spectra of nitrile imines and cross-linked hydrazone isomers. The calculated collision cross sections (CCSth) for these ions were related to the matching experimental CCSexp from multipass c-IMS measurements. Loss of N2 from tet-peptide conjugates was calculated to be a mildly endothermic reaction with ΔH0 = 80 kJ mol-1 in the gas phase. The excess energy in the photolytically formed nitrile imine is thought to drive endothermic proton transfer, followed by exothermic cyclization to a sterically accessible peptide amide group. The exothermic nitrile imine reaction with peptide amides is promoted by proton transfer and may involve an initial [3 + 2] cycloaddition followed by cleavage of the oxadiazole intermediate. Nucleophilic groups, such as cysteine thiol, did not compete with the amide cyclization. Nitrile imine cross-linking to 2'-deoxycytidylguanosine was found to be >80% efficient and highly specific in targeting guanine. The further potential for exploring nitrile-imine cross-linking for biomolecular structure analysis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wan
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Marianna Nytka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Haocheng Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Kim Vu
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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4
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Wan J, Nytka M, Qian H, Lemr K, Tureček F. Correction to "Do d(GCGAAGC) Cations Retain the Hairpin Structure in the Gas Phase? A Cyclic Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry and Density Functional Theory Computational Study". J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2024; 35:401. [PMID: 38207116 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Marianna Nytka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Haocheng Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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Kadlec J, Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Lemr K, Miranowicz A. Experimental hierarchy of the nonclassicality of single-qubit states via potentials for entanglement, steering, and Bell nonlocality. Opt Express 2024; 32:2333-2346. [PMID: 38297766 DOI: 10.1364/oe.506169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Entanglement potentials are a promising way to quantify the nonclassicality of single-mode states. They are defined by the amount of entanglement (expressed by, e.g., the Wootters concurrence) obtained after mixing the examined single-mode state with a purely classical state; such as the vacuum or a coherent state. We generalize the idea of entanglement potentials to other quantum correlations: the EPR steering and Bell nonlocality, thus enabling us to study mutual hierarchies of these nonclassicality potentials. Instead of the usual vacuum and one-photon superposition states, we experimentally test this concept using specially tailored polarization-encoded single-photon states. One polarization encodes a given nonclassical single-mode state, while the other serves as the vacuum place-holder. This technique proves to be experimentally more convenient in comparison to the vacuum and a one-photon superposition as it does not require the vacuum detection.
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Wan J, Nytka M, Qian H, Lemr K, Tureček F. Do d(GCGAAGC) Cations Retain the Hairpin Structure in the Gas Phase? A Cyclic Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry and Density Functional Theory Computational Study. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2023; 34:2323-2340. [PMID: 37696624 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
d(GCGAAGC) is the smallest oligonucleotide with a well-defined hairpin structure in solution. We report a study of multiply protonated d(GCGAAGC) and its sequence-scrambled isomers, d(CGAAGCG), d(GCGAACG), and d(CGGAAGC), that were produced by electrospray ionization with the goal of investigating their gas-phase structures and dissociations. Cyclic ion mobility measurements revealed that dications of d(GCGAAGC) as well as the scrambled-sequence ions were mixtures of protomers and/or conformers that had collision cross sections (CCS) within a 439-481 Å2 range. Multiple ion conformers were obtained by electrospray under native conditions as well as from aqueous methanol. Arrival time distribution profiles were characteristic of individual isomeric heptanucleotides. Extensive Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of d(GCGAAGC)2+ isomers indicated that hairpin structures were high-energy isomers of more compact distorted conformers. Protonation caused a break up of the C2···G6 pair that was associated with the formation of strong hydrogen bonds in zwitterionic phosphate anion-nucleobase cation motifs that predominated in low energy ions. Multiple components were also obtained for d(GCGAAGC)3+ trications under native and denaturing electrospray conditions. The calculated trication structures showed disruption of the G···C pairs in low energy zwitterions. A hairpin trication was calculated to be a high energy isomer. d(GCGAAGC)4+ tetracations were produced and separated by c-IMS as two major isomers. All low energy d(GCGAAGC)4+ ions obtained by DFT geometry optimizations were zwitterions in which all five purine bases were protonated, and the ion charge was balanced by a phosphate anion. Tetracations of the scrambled sequences were each formed as one dominant isomer. The CCS calculated with the MobCal-MPI method were found to closely match experimental values. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra of multiply charged heptanucleotides showed nucleobase loss and backbone cleavages occurring chiefly at the terminal nucleosides. Electron-transfer-CID tandem mass spectra were used to investigate dissociations of different charge and spin states of charge-reduced heptanucleotide cation radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Marianna Nytka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Haocheng Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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Bartkiewicz K, Tulewicz P, Roik J, Lemr K. Synergic quantum generative machine learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12893. [PMID: 37558715 PMCID: PMC10412646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a new approach towards generative quantum machine learning significantly reducing the number of hyperparameters and report on a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating our approach. Our proposal depends on collaboration between the generators and discriminator, thus, we call it quantum synergic generative learning. We present numerical evidence that the synergic approach, in some cases, compares favorably to recently proposed quantum generative adversarial learning. In addition to the results obtained with quantum simulators, we also present experimental results obtained with an actual programmable quantum computer. We investigate how a quantum computer implementing generative learning algorithm could learn the concept of a maximally-entangled state. After completing the learning process, the network is able both to recognize and to generate an entangled state. Our approach can be treated as one possible preliminary step to understanding how the concept of quantum entanglement can be learned and demonstrated by a quantum computer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bartkiewicz
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17, Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Patrycja Tulewicz
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
- Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Jan Roik
- Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17, Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17, Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Abo S, Soubusta J, Jiráková K, Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Lemr K, Miranowicz A. Experimental hierarchy of two-qubit quantum correlations without state tomography. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8564. [PMID: 37237018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A Werner state, which is the singlet Bell state affected by white noise, is a prototype example of states, which can reveal a hierarchy of quantum entanglement, steering, and Bell nonlocality by controlling the amount of noise. However, experimental demonstrations of this hierarchy in a sufficient and necessary way (i.e., by applying measures or universal witnesses of these quantum correlations) have been mainly based on full quantum state tomography, corresponding to measuring at least 15 real parameters of two-qubit states. Here we report an experimental demonstration of this hierarchy by measuring only six elements of a correlation matrix depending on linear combinations of two-qubit Stokes parameters. We show that our experimental setup can also reveal the hierarchy of these quantum correlations of generalized Werner states, which are any two-qubit pure states affected by white noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Abo
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Soubusta
- Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP CAS, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Jiráková
- Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP CAS, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Bartkiewicz
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP CAS, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP CAS, 17. listopadu 1154/50a, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP CAS, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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Kováč A, Majerová P, Nytka M, Cechová MZ, Bednář P, Hájek R, Cooper-Shepherd DA, Muck A, Lemr K. Separation of Isomeric Tau Phosphopeptides from Alzheimer's Disease Brain by Cyclic Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2023; 34:394-400. [PMID: 36706338 PMCID: PMC10017020 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of increasing concern. It belongs to diseases termed tauopathies which are characterized by inclusions of abnormally hyperphosphorylated and truncated forms of the protein tau. Studies of tauopathies often focus on detection and characterization of these aberrant tau proteoforms, in particular the phosphorylation sites, which represent a significant analytical challenge for example when several phosphosites can be present on the same peptide. Such isomers can even be difficult to fully separate chromatographically. Since recently introduced cyclic ion mobility-mass spectrometry can offer different selectivity, we have investigated the closely positioned phosphorylation sites S214, T212, and T217 of a tryptic peptide from proline rich region of tau-TPSLPTPPTREPK. The conformational heterogeneity of the isomeric peptides in the gas phase hindered their separation due to their overlapping arrival time distributions. Increasing the resolution of the analysis alone is insufficient to distinguish the peptides in a mixture typical of patient samples. We therefore developed a method based on a combination of collision-induced dissociation, isomeric product ions (m/z 677) mobility separation and post-mobility dissociation to aid in analyzing the isomeric phosphopeptides of tau in diseased brain extract. For all three isomers (T212, S214, and T217), the ion mobility signal of the ion at m/z 677 was still observable at the concentration of 0.1 nmol/L. This work not only offers insights into the phosphorylation of tau protein in AD but also provides an analytical workflow for the characterization of challenging pathological protein modifications in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Kováč
- Institute
of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Majerová
- Axon
Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dvořákovo nábrežie 10, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Marianna Nytka
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Zajacová Cechová
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bednář
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hájek
- Waters
Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alexander Muck
- Waters
Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute
of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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Pechancová R, Gallo J, Baron D, Milde D, Antal P, Slobodová Z, Lemr K, Pluháček T. Detailed insight into chromium species released from failed CoCrMo implants: Ex vivo periprosthetic tissues study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:271-283. [PMID: 36507699 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This unique study provides information on Cr species and their distribution in periprosthetic tissues of patients with metal-on-polyethylene joint implants. Co-Cr-Mo alloy has been widely used in joint replacement and represents a source of metal derived species. In the case of chromium, previous studies on periprosthetic tissues revealed mainly Cr(III) distribution, whereas the potential release of carcinogenic Cr(VI) species has been still a subject of debate. Here, an analytical approach utilizing speciation and fractionation was developed to analyze periprosthetic tissue samples collected from wide range of patients with failed total hip or knee replacements. The results reveal that Cr(III) is mainly released in the form of insoluble CrPO4 and Cr2 O3 particles. The highest Cr contents were found in periprosthetic tissues of patients suffering from aseptic loosening and having more Cr-based implants in the body. Cr species penetrated tissue layers, but their levels decreased with the distance from an implant. The detailed speciation/fractionation study carried out using the set of consecutive periprosthetic tissues of a patient with extensive metallosis showed the presence of trace amounts of free Cr(III), nanoparticles, and metal-protein complexes, but the majority of Cr still occurred in CrPO4 form. Carcinogenic Cr(VI) species were not detected. Up to date, there is no published human tissue study focused on the detailed speciation of both soluble and insoluble Cr-based species in the context of failing total hip and knee replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Pechancová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Gallo
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Baron
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Milde
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Antal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Slobodová
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pluháček
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Dutta T, Steklý T, Kučera L, Lemr K. Dual-polarity MALDI mass spectrometry and imaging of oil binders and fatty acids in artworks using cyanographene as a single matrix. Talanta 2022; 242:123291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Nytka M, Huang SR, Lemr K, Tureček F. Probing d- and l-Adrenaline Binding to β 2-Adrenoreceptor Peptide Motifs by Gas-Phase Photodissociation Cross-Linking and Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:1041-1052. [PMID: 33655750 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diazirine-tagged d- and l-adrenaline derivatives formed abundant noncovalent gas-phase ion complexes with peptides N-Ac-SSIVSFY-NH2 (peptide S) and N-Ac-VYILLNWIGY-NH2 (peptide V) upon electrospray ionization. These peptide sequences represent the binding motifs in the β2-adrenoreceptor. The structures of the gas-phase complexes were investigated by selective laser photodissociation of the diazirine chromophore at 354 nm, which resulted in a loss of N2 and formation of a transient carbene intermediate in the adrenaline ligand without causing its expulsion. The photolyzed complexes were analyzed by collision-induced dissociation (CID-MS3 and CID-MS4) in an attempt to detect cross-links and establish the binding sites. However, no cross-linking was detected in the complexes regardless of the peptide and d- or l-configuration in adrenaline. Cyclic ion mobility measurements were used to obtain collision cross sections (CCS) in N2 for the peptide S complexes. These showed identical values, 334 ± 0.9 Å2, for complexes of the l- and d-adrenaline derivatives, respectively. Identical CCS were also obtained for peptide S complexes with natural l- and d-adrenaline, 317 ± 1.2 Å2, respectively. Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) in combination with full geometry optimization by density functional theory calculations provided structures for the complexes that were used to calculate theoretical CCS with the ion trajectory method. A close match (337 Å2) was found for a single low Gibbs energy structure that displayed a binding pocket with Ser 2 and Ser 5 residues forming hydrogen bonds to the adrenaline catechol hydroxyls. Analysis of the BOMD trajectories revealed a small number of contacts between the incipient carbene carbon atom in the ligand and X-H bonds in the peptide, which was consistent with the lack of cross-linking. Temperature dependence of the internal dynamics of peptide S-adrenaline complexes as well as the specifics of the adrenaline carbene reactions are discussed. In particular, peptide amide hydrogen transfer to the carbene carbon atom was calculated to require crossing a potential energy barrier, which may hamper cross-linking in competition with carbene internal rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Marianna Nytka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Shu R Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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13
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Nytka M, Borovcová L, Fryčák P, Barták P, Lemr K. Signal enhancement in desorption nanoelectrospray ionization by custom-made inlet with pressure regulation. J Mass Spectrom 2020; 55:e4642. [PMID: 32910468 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of desorption/ionization becomes more critical as the sampled surface area decreases. Desorption electrospray and desorption nanoelectrospray belong to ambient ionizations and enable direct surface analysis including mass spectrometric imaging. Lateral resolution in tens of micrometers was demonstrated for desorption nanoelectrospray previously, but sensitivity of the surface scan can be an issue. For desorption electrospray, the drag force in the source is driven by the flow of used gases and vacuum suction. Ion signal intensity can be improved by controlling the nebulizing gas flow rate or auxiliary pumping of a closed compartment in front of the mass spectrometer inlet. Because nanoelectrospray generates charged droplets without the assistance of a nebulizing gas, only vacuum suction drives the gas flow. In this study, the effect of pressure drop between the atmospheric and evacuated region of a mass spectrometer on the ion signal intensity was investigated for desorption nanoelectrospray. A modification of the commercial inlet was designed. An auxiliary pump was directly connected to an inner compartment of the modified mass spectrometer inlet through a needle valve that enabled the regulation of the reduced pressure. Adjustment of the pressure drop significantly increased signal intensity (more than one order of magnitude in some cases). To a lesser extent, the temperature of a heated capillary (an integral part of the inlet) also influenced the signal intensity. The applicability of desorption nanoelectrospray equipped with pressure regulation was demonstrated by the analysis of synthetic cathinones or a pill of paracetamol. Because pressure in the inlet depends on the diameters of orifices and the power of vacuum systems of mass spectrometers, the effect of the pressure regulation can be different for different instruments. Nevertheless, the presented results confirmed the importance of pressure drop-driven transport for desorption nanoelectrospray efficiency and can encourage its new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Nytka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Borovcová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Fryčák
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Barták
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Bartkiewicz K, Gneiting C, Černoch A, Jiráková K, Lemr K, Nori F. Experimental kernel-based quantum machine learning in finite feature space. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12356. [PMID: 32704032 PMCID: PMC7378258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We implement an all-optical setup demonstrating kernel-based quantum machine learning for two-dimensional classification problems. In this hybrid approach, kernel evaluations are outsourced to projective measurements on suitably designed quantum states encoding the training data, while the model training is processed on a classical computer. Our two-photon proposal encodes data points in a discrete, eight-dimensional feature Hilbert space. In order to maximize the application range of the deployable kernels, we optimize feature maps towards the resulting kernels' ability to separate points, i.e., their "resolution," under the constraint of finite, fixed Hilbert space dimension. Implementing these kernels, our setup delivers viable decision boundaries for standard nonlinear supervised classification tasks in feature space. We demonstrate such kernel-based quantum machine learning using specialized multiphoton quantum optical circuits. The deployed kernel exhibits exponentially better scaling in the required number of qubits than a direct generalization of kernels described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bartkiewicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Clemens Gneiting
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Antonín Černoch
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Jiráková
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1040, USA
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15
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Pauk V, Lemr K. Investigation of chromatographic peak broadening in supercritical fluid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1190-1194. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Pauk
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsDepartment of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University in Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsDepartment of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University in Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic
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16
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Trávníček V, Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Lemr K. Experimental Measurement of the Hilbert-Schmidt Distance between Two-Qubit States as a Means for Reducing the Complexity of Machine Learning. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:260501. [PMID: 31951446 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.260501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the experimental measurement of the Hilbert-Schmidt distance between two two-qubit states by many-particle interference. We demonstrate that our three-step method for measuring distances in the Hilbert space is far less complex than reconstructing density matrices and that it can be applied in quantum-enhanced machine learning to reduce the complexity of calculating Euclidean distances between multidimensional points, which can be especially interesting for near term quantum technologies and quantum artificial intelligence research. Our results are also a novel example of applying mixed states in quantum information processing. Usually working with mixed states is undesired, but here it gives the possibility of encoding extra information as the degree of coherence between the given two dimensions of the density matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Trávníček
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Bartkiewicz
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP AS CR, 17. listopadu 50A, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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17
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Jiráková K, Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Lemr K. Experimentally attacking quantum money schemes based on quantum retrieval games. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16318. [PMID: 31704951 PMCID: PMC6841968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of quantum money (QM) was proposed by Wiesner in the 1970s. Its main advantage is that every attempt to copy QM unavoidably leads to imperfect counterfeits. In the Wiesner’s protocol, quantum banknotes need to be delivered to the issuing bank for verification. Thus, QM requires quantum communication which range is limited by noise and losses. Recently, Bozzio et al. (2018) have demonstrated experimentally how to replace challenging quantum verification with a classical channel and a quantum retrieval game (QRG). This brings QM significantly closer to practical realisation, but still thorough analysis of the revised scheme QM is required before it can be considered secure. We address this problem by presenting a proof-of-concept attack on QRG-based QM schemes, where we show that even imperfect quantum cloning can, under some circumstances, provide enough information to break a QRG-based QM scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Jiráková
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Karol Bartkiewicz
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP AS CR, 17. listopadu 50A, 772 07, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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18
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Jašek J, Jiráková K, Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Fürst T, Lemr K. Experimental hybrid quantum-classical reinforcement learning by boson sampling: how to train a quantum cloner. Opt Express 2019; 27:32454-32464. [PMID: 31684458 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.032454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on experimental implementation of a machine-learned quantum gate driven by a classical control. The gate learns optimal phase-covariant cloning in a reinforcement learning scenario having fidelity of the clones as reward. In our experiment, the gate learns to achieve nearly optimal cloning fidelity allowed for this particular class of states. This makes it a proof of present-day feasibility and practical applicability of the hybrid machine learning approach combining quantum information processing with classical control. The quantum information processing performed by the setup is equivalent to boson sampling, which, in complex systems, is predicted to manifest quantum supremacy over classical simulation of linear-optical setups.
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Svoboda Z, Nobilis M, Květina J, Lemr K. Study of the Biotransformation of Benfluron Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Liver. Acta Med (Hradec Kralove, Czech Repub ) 2019. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2019.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The isolated perfused rat liver method (IPRL) was used to find, isolate and identify further metabolites of Phase I and Phase II biotransformation of the potential cytostatic agent benfluron with special regard to the conjugation processes. Its pharmacokinetic profile during the perfusion was also estimated. The rat liver was isolated from the body and perfused in vitro using a recirculating perfusion system. Benfluron was added to the reservoir as a bolus in doses of 200, 100, 30 mg/kg of body weigh and 1 mg/perfusate volume and also as a continual infusion in a dose of 0.1 mg/min in separate series of experiments. The following metabolites formed during Phase I biotransformation were found in the perfusion liquid as well as in the bile: benfluron N-oxide, 9-hydroxy benfluron, demethylated 9-hydroxy benfluron, demethylated benfluron, and reduced benfluron. The major Phase II metabolite found in the bile samples was the glucuronide of 9-hydroxy benfluron. The pharmacokinetic profile of benfluron in IPRL indicated its main disposition and metabolic pathway, i.e. its rapid extraction from perfusate by the liver (t1/2α = 3.76 min), 9-hydroxylation followed up O-glucuronidation and excretion to the bile. It was revealed that 12 % of the total dose of the parent compound was excreted to the bile in the form of conjugates during the first hour of perfusion, 32 % during 1.5 hour, and 70 % during 2 hours after the administration of benfluron. The conjugates with glucuronic acid represented 96-98 % of all metabolites found in the bile.
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Barasiński A, Černoch A, Lemr K. Demonstration of Controlled Quantum Teleportation for Discrete Variables on Linear Optical Devices. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:170501. [PMID: 31107073 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.170501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental implementation of tripartite controlled quantum teleportation on quantum optical devices. The protocol is performed through bi- and tripartite entangled channels of discrete variables and qubits encoded in the polarization of individual photons. The experimental results demonstrate successful controlled quantum teleportation with a fidelity around 83%, well above the classical limit. By realizing the controlled quantum teleportation through a biseparable state, we show that tripartite entanglement is not a necessary resource for controlled quantum teleportation, and the controller's capability to allow or prohibit the teleportation cannot be considered to be a manifestation of tripartite entanglement. These results open new possibilities for further application of controlled quantum teleportation by lowering the teleportation channel's requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Barasiński
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of CAS, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Góra, Z. Szafrana 4a, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of CAS, 17. listopadu 50A, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of CAS, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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21
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Pechancová R, Qiu C, Smuts J, Lemr K, Schug KA. Comparative study of ink photoinitiators in food packages using gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet detection and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:556-565. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Radka Pechancová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Faculty of Science; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Palacky University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Changling Qiu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | | | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Faculty of Science; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Palacky University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Kevin A. Schug
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
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22
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Pluháček T, Švidrnoch M, Maier V, Havlíček V, Lemr K. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging: A personal identification based on a gunshot residue analysis on latent fingerprints. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1030:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Skriba A, Pluhacek T, Palyzova A, Novy Z, Lemr K, Hajduch M, Petrik M, Havlicek V. Early and Non-invasive Diagnosis of Aspergillosis Revealed by Infection Kinetics Monitored in a Rat Model. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2356. [PMID: 30349512 PMCID: PMC6186828 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous saprophytic airborne fungus responsible for more than one million deaths every year. The siderophores of A. fumigatus represent important virulence factors that contribute to the microbiome-metabolome dialog in a host. From a diagnostic point of view, the monitoring of Aspergillus secondary metabolites in urine of a host is promising due to the non-invasiveness, rapidity, sensitivity, and potential for standardization. Methods: Using a model of experimental aspergillosis in immunocompromised Lewis rats, the fungal siderophores ferricrocin (FC) and triacetylfusarinine C (TAFC) were monitored in rat urine before and after lung inoculation with A. fumigatus conidia. Molecular biomarkers in high-dose (HD) and low-dose (LD) infection models were separated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and were detected by mass spectrometry (MS). In the current work, we corroborated the in vivo MS infection kinetics data with micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (μPET/CT) kinetics utilizing 68Ga-labeled TAFC. Results: In the HD model, the initial FC signal reflecting aspergillosis appeared as early as 4 h post-infection. The results from seven biological replicates showed exponentially increasing metabolite profiles over time. In A. fumigatus, TAFC was found to be a less produced biomarker that exhibited a kinetic profile identical to that of FC. The amount of siderophores contributed by the inoculating conidia was negligible and undetectable in the HD and LD models, respectively. In the μPET/CT scans, the first detectable signal in HD model was recorded 48 h post-infection. Regarding the MS assay, among nine biological replicates in the LD model, three animals did not develop any infection, while one animal experienced an exponential increase of metabolites and died on day 6 post-infection. All remaining animals had constant or random FC levels and exhibited few or no symptoms to the experiment termination. In the LD model, the TAFC concentration was not statistically significant, while the μPET/CT scan was positive as early as 6 days post-infection. Conclusion: Siderophore detection in rat urine by MS represents an early and non-invasive tool for diagnosing aspergillosis caused by A. fumigatus. μPET/CT imaging further determines the infection location in vivo and allows the visualization of the infection progression over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Skriba
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Pluhacek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Andrea Palyzova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zbynek Novy
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Karel Lemr
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Milos Petrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Vladimir Havlicek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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24
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Pauk V, Lemr K. Forensic applications of supercritical fluid chromatography – mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1086:184-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Borovcová L, Pauk V, Lemr K. Analysis of new psychoactive substances in human urine by ultra-high performance supercritical fluid and liquid chromatography: Validation and comparison. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2288-2295. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Borovcová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Pauk
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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26
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Luptáková D, Pluháček T, Petřík M, Novák J, Palyzová A, Sokolová L, Škríba A, Šedivá B, Lemr K, Havlíček V. Non-invasive and invasive diagnoses of aspergillosis in a rat model by mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16523. [PMID: 29184111 PMCID: PMC5705710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16648-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis results in 450,000 deaths per year and complicates cancer chemotherapy, transplantations and the treatment of other immunosuppressed patients. Using a rat model of experimental aspergillosis, the fungal siderophores ferricrocin and triacetylfusarinine C were identified as markers of aspergillosis and quantified in urine, serum and lung tissues. Biomarkers were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a 12T SolariX Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer. The limits of detection of the ferri-forms of triacetylfusarinine C and ferricrocin in the rat serum were 0.28 and 0.36 ng/mL, respectively. In the rat urine the respective limits of detection achieved 0.02 and 0.03 ng/mL. In the sera of infected animals, triacetylfusarinine C was not detected but ferricrocin concentration fluctuated in the 3–32 ng/mL range. Notably, the mean concentrations of triacetylfusarinine C and ferricrocin in the rat urine were 0.37 and 0.63 μg/mL, respectively. The MALDI FTICR mass spectrometry imaging illustrated the actual microbial ferricrocin distribution in the lung tissues and resolved the false-positive results obtained by the light microscopy and histological staining. Ferricrocin and triacetylfusarinine C detection in urine represents an innovative non-invasive indication of Aspergillus infection in a host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Luptáková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pluháček
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Olomouc, 771 47, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Petřík
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novák
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Palyzová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Sokolová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Anton Škríba
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Šedivá
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic.,University of West Bohemia, Plzen, 306 14, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Olomouc, 771 47, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Czech Republic. .,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Olomouc, 771 47, Czech Republic.
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27
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Skopalová J, Barták P, Bednář P, Tomková H, Ingr T, Lorencová I, Kučerová P, Papoušek R, Borovcová L, Lemr K. Carbon fiber brush electrode as a novel substrate for atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) mass spectrometry: Electrochemical oxidation of brominated phenols. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 999:60-68. [PMID: 29254575 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A carbon fiber brush electrode (CFBE) was newly designed and used as a substrate for both controlled potential electrolysis and atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) mass spectrometry. Electropolymerized and strongly adsorbed products of electrolysis were directly desorbed and ionized from the electrode surface. Electrochemical properties of the electrode investigated by cyclic voltammetry revealed large electroactive surface area (23 ± 3 cm2) at 1.3 cm long array of carbon fibers with diameter 6-9 μm. Some products of electrochemical oxidation of pentabromophenol and 2,4,6-tribromophenol formed a compact layer on the carbon fibers and were analyzed using ASAP. Eleven new oligomeric products were identified including quinones and biphenoquinones. These compounds were not observed previously in electrolyzed solutions by liquid or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The thickness around 58 nm and 45 nm of the oxidation products layers deposited on carbon fibers during electrolysis of pentabromophenol and 2,4,6-tribromophenol, respectively, was estimated from atomic force microscopy analysis and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Skopalová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Barták
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bednář
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Tomková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Ingr
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Lorencová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Kučerová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Papoušek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Borovcová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Luptáková D, Pluháček T, Palyzová A, Přichystal J, Balog J, Lemr K, Juránek I, Havlíček V. Meet interesting abbreviations in clinical mass spectrometry: from compound classification by REIMS to multimodal and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Acta Virol 2017; 61:353-360. [PMID: 28854802 DOI: 10.4149/av_2017_316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This feature article discusses two modern mass spectrometry abbreviations in their clinical applications. Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) is reported as a molecular classification tool useful for spectral features definition prior to mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). REIMS is appreciated not only as an ionization technique coupled with a surgical device but particularly as a biomarker discovery tool. For more complex understanding of pathological processes at cellular and molecular levels, the importance of multimodal approach in imaging applications is documented in the context of fiducial markers needed for hyperspectral data fusion collected by optical microscopy, elemental and molecular MSI. Finally, pathogen inactivation needed prior to the sectioning of the infected tissue is reported, and the impact of formaldehyde crosslinking to signal reduction is discussed.
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Pauk V, Pluháček T, Havlíček V, Lemr K. Ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry procedure for analysis of monosaccharides from plant gum binders. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 989:112-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sistik P, Urinovska R, Brozmanova H, Kacirova I, Lemr K. Quantitative Analysis of Fluphenazine and Flupentixol in Human Serum by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Borovcová L, Hermannová M, Pauk V, Šimek M, Havlíček V, Lemr K. Simple area determination of strongly overlapping ion mobility peaks. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 981:71-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Sistik P, Urinovska R, Brozmanova H, Kacirova I, Lemr K. Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Haloperidol in Human Serum by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Skultety L, Frycak P, Qiu C, Smuts J, Shear-Laude L, Lemr K, Mao JX, Kroll P, Schug KA, Szewczak A, Vaught C, Lurie I, Havlicek V. Resolution of isomeric new designer stimulants using gas chromatography - Vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy and theoretical computations. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 971:55-67. [PMID: 28456284 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Distinguishing isomeric representatives of "bath salts", "plant food", "spice", or "legal high" remains a challenge for analytical chemistry. In this work, we used vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy combined with gas chromatography to address this issue on a set of forty-three designer drugs. All compounds, including many isomers, returned differentiable vacuum ultraviolet/ultraviolet spectra. The pair of 3- and 4-fluoromethcathinones (m/z 181.0903), as well as the methoxetamine/meperidine/ethylphenidate (m/z 247.1572) triad, provided very distinctive vacuum ultraviolet spectral features. On the contrary, spectra of 4-methylethcathinone, 4-ethylmethcathinone, 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone triad (m/z 191.1310) displayed much higher similarities. Their resolution was possible only if pure standards were probed. A similar situation occurred with the ethylone and butylone pair (m/z 221.1052). On the other hand, majority of forty-three drugs was successfully separated by gas chromatography. The detection limits for all the drug standards were in the 2-4 ng range (on-column amount), which is sufficient for determinations of seized drugs during forensics analysis. Further, state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory was evaluated for computation of theoretical absorption spectra in the 125-240 nm range as a complementary tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovit Skultety
- Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petr Frycak
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Changling Qiu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Karel Lemr
- Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - James X Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Peter Kroll
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kevin A Schug
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Angelica Szewczak
- Department of Forensic Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cory Vaught
- Department of Forensic Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ira Lurie
- Department of Forensic Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vladimir Havlicek
- Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Novák J, Sokolová L, Lemr K, Pluháček T, Palyzová A, Havlíček V. Batch-processing of imaging or liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry datasets and De Novo sequencing of polyketide siderophores. Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 2016; 1865:768-775. [PMID: 27956353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The open-source and cross-platform software CycloBranch was utilized for dereplication of organic compounds from mass spectrometry imaging imzML datasets and its functions were illustrated on microbial siderophores. The pixel-to-pixel batch-processing was analogous to liquid chromatography mass spectrometry data. Each data point represented here by accurate m/z values and the corresponding ion intensities was matched against integrated compound libraries. The fine isotopic structure matching was also embedded into CycloBranch dereplication process. The siderophores' characterization from single-pixel mass spectra was further supported by their de novo sequencing. New ketide building block library was utilized by CycloBranch to characterize the siderophores in images and mixtures and nomenclature of fragment ion series of linear and cyclic polyketide siderophores was proposed. The software is freely available at http://ms.biomed.cas.cz/cyclobranch. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Novák
- Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Sokolová
- Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pluháček
- Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Palyzová
- Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Temporal steering is a form of temporal correlation between the initial and final state of a quantum system. It is a temporal analogue of the famous Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (spatial) steering. We demonstrate, by measuring the photon polarization, that temporal steering allows two parties to verify if they have been interacting with the same particle, even if they have no information about what happened with the particle in between the measurements. This is the first experimental study of temporal steering. We also performed experimental tests, based on the violation of temporal steering inequalities, of the security of two quantum key distribution protocols against individual attacks. Thus, these results can lead to applications for secure quantum communications and quantum engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bartkiewicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614 Poznań, Poland
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 50A, 77207 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 17. listopadu 12, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614 Poznań, Poland
- CEMS, RIKEN, 351-0198 Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Franco Nori
- CEMS, RIKEN, 351-0198 Wako-shi, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1040, USA
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Abstract
Current mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction are presented as structure elucidation tools for analytical chemistry of natural products. Discovering new molecular entities combined with dereplication of known organic compounds represent prerequisites for biological assays and for respective applications as pharmaceuticals or molecular markers. Liquid chromatography is briefly addressed with respect to its use in mass spectrometry- and nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Přichystal
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Palacky University , 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kevin A Schug
- The University of Texas at Arlington , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - Karel Lemr
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Palacky University , 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novák
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Palacky University , 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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37
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Kučerová P, Skopalová J, Kučera L, Táborský J, Švecová H, Lemr K, Cankař P, Barták P. Electrochemical oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine and identification of its oxidation products using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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38
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Pluhacek T, Petrik M, Luptakova D, Benada O, Palyzova A, Lemr K, Havlicek V. Aspergillus
infection monitored by multimodal imaging in a rat model. Proteomics 2016; 16:1785-92. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pluhacek
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS; v.v.i; Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Milos Petrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Luptakova
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS; v.v.i; Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacology; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; Comenius University Bratislava; BioMed Martin Slovakia
| | - Oldrich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS; v.v.i; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Palyzova
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS; v.v.i; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS; v.v.i; Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Havlicek
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS; v.v.i; Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; Olomouc Czech Republic
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39
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Fryčák P, Hartmanová L, Lorencová I, Lemr K. Screening of synthetic phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in herbal dietary supplements using transmission-mode desorption electrospray and high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2016; 51:358-362. [PMID: 27194520 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Fryčák
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Hartmanová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Lorencová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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40
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Sistik P, Turjap M, Iordache AM, Saldanha HM, Lemr K, Bednar P. Quantification of selected antidepressants and antipsychotics in clinical samples using chromatographic methods combined with mass spectrometry: A review (2006-2015). Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2016; 160:39-53. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2015.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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41
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Douša M, Stach J, Gibala P, Lemr K. Quantification of structurally related aliphatic amino alcohols inl-valinol by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography separation combined with postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:851-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Douša
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, a Sanofi Company; Praha 10 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stach
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, a Sanofi Company; Praha 10 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gibala
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, a Sanofi Company; Praha 10 Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
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Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Lemr K, Miranowicz A. Priority Choice Experimental Two-Qubit Tomography: Measuring One by One All Elements of Density Matrices. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19610. [PMID: 26792194 PMCID: PMC4726363 DOI: 10.1038/srep19610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In standard optical tomographic methods, the off-diagonal elements of a density matrix ρ are measured indirectly. Thus, the reconstruction of ρ, even if it is based on linear inversion, typically magnifies small errors in the experimental data. Recently, an optimal tomography solution measuring all the elements of ρ one-by-one without error magnification has been theoretically proposed. We implemented this method for two-qubit polarization states. For comparison, we also experimentally implemented other well-known tomographic protocols, either based solely on local measurements (of, e.g., the Pauli operators and James-Kwiat-Munro-White projectors) or with mutually unbiased bases requiring both local and global measurements. We reconstructed seventeen separable, partially and maximally entangled two-qubit polarization states. Our experiments show that our method has the highest stability against errors in comparison to other quantum tomographies. In particular, we demonstrate that each optimally-reconstructed state is embedded in an uncertainty circle of the smallest radius, both in terms of trace distance and disturbance. We explain how to experimentally estimate uncertainty radii for all the implemented tomographies and show that, for each reconstructed state, the relevant uncertainty circles intersect indicating the approximate location of the corresponding physical density matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bartkiewicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614 Poznań, Poland.,RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 17. listopadu 12, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 17. listopadu 50A, 77207 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 17. listopadu 12, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614 Poznań, Poland.,CEMS, RIKEN, 351-0198 Wako-shi, Japan
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43
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Pluháček T, Lemr K, Ghosh D, Milde D, Novák J, Havlíček V. Characterization of microbial siderophores by mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom Rev 2016; 35:35-47. [PMID: 25980644 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Siderophores play important roles in microbial iron piracy, and are applied as infectious disease biomarkers and novel pharmaceutical drugs. Inductively coupled plasma and molecular mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combined with high resolution separations allow characterization of siderophores in complex samples taking advantages of mass defect data filtering, tandem mass spectrometry, and iron-containing compound quantitation. The enrichment approaches used in siderophore analysis and current ICP-MS technologies are reviewed. The recent tools for fast dereplication of secondary metabolites and their databases are reported. This review on siderophores is concluded with their recent medical, biochemical, geochemical, and agricultural applications in mass spectrometry context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Pluháček
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, AS CR v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, AS CR v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Dipankar Ghosh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - David Milde
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novák
- Institute of Microbiology, AS CR v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, AS CR v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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44
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Hartmanová L, Lorencová I, Volný M, Fryčák P, Havlíček V, Chmelíčková H, Ingr T, Lemr K. Lateral resolution of desorption nanoelectrospray: a nanospray tip without nebulizing gas as a source of primary charged droplets. Analyst 2016; 141:2150-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02665b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoelectrospray directed at the surface (desorption nanoelectrospray) coupled with a high resolution mass spectrometer represents a new tool for mass spectrometry imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Hartmanová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
| | - I. Lorencová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
| | - M. Volný
- Applied Physics Laboratory
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
| | - P. Fryčák
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
| | - V. Havlíček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
| | - H. Chmelíčková
- Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics ASCR
- 772 07 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - T. Ingr
- Department of Experimental Physics
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - K. Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
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Sistik P, Urinovska R, Brozmanova H, Kacirova I, Silhan P, Lemr K. Fast simultaneous LC/MS/MS determination of 10 active compounds in human serum for therapeutic drug monitoring in psychiatric medication. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:217-24. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Sistik
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 779 00 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Romana Urinovska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
| | - Hana Brozmanova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Ostrava
| | - Ivana Kacirova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Ostrava
| | - Petr Silhan
- Department of Psychiatry; University Hospital Ostrava; 708 52 Ostrava Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 779 00 Olomouc Czech Republic
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Hermannová M, Iordache AM, Slováková K, Havlíček V, Pelantová H, Lemr K. Arrival time distributions of product ions reveal isomeric ratio of deprotonated molecules in ion mobility-mass spectrometry of hyaluronan-derived oligosaccharides. J Mass Spectrom 2015; 50:854-63. [PMID: 26169140 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring linear polysaccharide with substantial medical potential. In this work, discrimination of tyramine-based hyaluronan derivatives was accessed by ion mobility-mass spectrometry of deprotonated molecules and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. As the product ion mass spectra did not allow for direct isomer discrimination in mixture, the reductive labeling of oligosaccharides as well as stable isotope labeling was performed. The ion mobility separation of parent ions together with the characteristic fragmentation for reduced isomers providing unique product ions allowed us to identify isomers present in a mixture and determine their mutual isomeric ratio. The determination used simple recalculation of arrival time distribution areas of unique ions to areas of deprotonated molecules. Mass spectrometry data were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreea-Maria Iordache
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17.listopadu 12, Olomouc, 771 46, Czech Republic
| | - Kristína Slováková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17.listopadu 12, Olomouc, 771 46, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Havlíček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17.listopadu 12, Olomouc, 771 46, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17.listopadu 12, Olomouc, 771 46, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17.listopadu 12, Olomouc, 771 46, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20, Czech Republic
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Lemr K, Bartkiewicz K, Černoch A, Dušek M, Soubusta J. Experimental implementation of optimal linear-optical controlled-unitary gates. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:153602. [PMID: 25933314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.153602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We show that it is possible to reduce the number of two-qubit gates needed for the construction of an arbitrary controlled-unitary transformation by up to 2 times using a tunable controlled-phase gate. On the platform of linear optics, where two-qubit gates can only be achieved probabilistically, our method significantly reduces the amount of components and increases success probability of a two-qubit gate. The experimental implementation of our technique presented in this Letter for a controlled single-qubit unitary gate demonstrates that only one tunable controlled-phase gate is needed instead of two standard controlled-not gates. Thus, not only do we increase the success probability by about 1 order of magnitude (with the same resources), but also avoid the need for conducting quantum nondemolition measurement otherwise required to join two probabilistic gates. Subsequently, we generalize our method to a higher order, showing that n-times controlled gates can be optimized by replacing blocks of controlled-not gates with tunable controlled-phase gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Bartkiewicz
- RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Antonín Černoch
- Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP AS CR, 17. listopadu 50A, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Dušek
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, cz-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Soubusta
- Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Joint Laboratory of Optics of PU and IP AS CR, 17. listopadu 50A, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Kučerová P, Skopalová J, Kučera L, Hrbáč J, Lemr K. Electrochemical oxidation of fesoterodine and identification of its oxidation products using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vrba J, Papouskova B, Pyszkova M, Zatloukalova M, Lemr K, Ulrichova J, Vacek J. Metabolism of palmatine by human hepatocytes and recombinant cytochromes P450. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 102:193-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pol J, Faltyskova H, Krasny L, Volný M, Vlacil O, Hajduch M, Lemr K, Havlicek V. Age-related changes in the lateral lipid distribution in a human lens described by mass spectrometry imaging. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2015; 21:297-303. [PMID: 26307709 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The lateral lipid distribution in eye lenses of three human donors were studied by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry using a high mass resolution. By using exact mass measurements this study shows the relationship between the aging process and the number of lipids detected as well as between aging and the abundance of products derived from sphingomyelins by hydrolysis. Variable lipid composition was also observed in the nuclear, barrier, or cortex regions of the lens samples. This is the first study that suggests the distribution of lysolipids as a potential biomarker panel for the aging of human lens tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Pol
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Faltyskova
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic. helena.faltyskova@@sezuam.cz
| | - Lukas Krasny
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic. Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technicka 5, CZ 16228 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Michael Volný
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Vlacil
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Lemr
- RCPTM, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17.listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimir Havlicek
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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