1
|
Blackmond DG, Emmert M, Huryn DM, Neidig ML, Schaub T, Topczewski JJ, Bravo-Altamirano K, Buchan Z, Cabrera PJ. Academia or Industry: Lessons on Choosing Career Paths─There May Be More Than One Fork in the Road Ahead. Org Lett 2024; 26:2682-2685. [PMID: 38606472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Donna G Blackmond
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Marion Emmert
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Donna M Huryn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19194, United States
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Thomas Schaub
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- BASF SE, Organic Synthesis, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Joseph J Topczewski
- Discovery Process Sciences, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agrisciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development Medicine, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Zachary Buchan
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agrisciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Pablo J Cabrera
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bao H, Bravo-Altamirano K, Buchan Z, Cabrera PJ, Ryan SJ, Roth JJ, Sartillo-Piscil F, Sawai Y, Tambar UK, Zarate C. Academic-Industrial Collaborations: Merging Paths to Thrive. Org Lett 2024; 26:2669-2671. [PMID: 38606471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Bao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development Medicine, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Zachary Buchan
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agrisciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Pablo J Cabrera
- Chemical Research & DevelopmentPfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sarah J Ryan
- Nufarm Limited, Pipe Road, Laverton North, VIC 3026, Australia
| | - Joshua J Roth
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agrisciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Fernando Sartillo-Piscil
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Yasuhiro Sawai
- Synthetic Molecule Process Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Uttam K Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Cayetana Zarate
- Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Chemical Process R&D, Cilag AG, Hochstrasse 201, 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Takano HK, Benko ZL, Zielinski MM, Hamza A, Kalnmals CA, Roth JJ, Bravo-Altamirano K, Siddall T, Satchivi N, Church JB, Riar DS. Discovery and Mode-of-Action Characterization of a New Class of Acetolactate Synthase-Inhibiting Herbicides. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:18227-18238. [PMID: 37567224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are effective tools to manage weeds and enable food production and sustainable agriculture. Corteva Agriscience R&D has recently discovered new diphenyl-ether compounds displaying excellent postemergent efficacy on important weed species along with corn safety. Here, we describe the chemistry, biology, biochemistry, and computational modeling research that led to the discovery and elucidation of the primary mode of action for these compounds. The target protein was found to be acetolactate synthase (ALS), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine). While weed resistance evolution to ALS herbicides is widespread, the molecular interaction of the diphenyl-ether compounds at the active site of the ALS enzyme differs significantly from that of some commercial ALS inhibitors. The unique biochemical profile of these molecules along with their excellent herbicidal activity and corn selectivity make them a noteworthy development in the pursuit of novel, safe, and sustainable weed control solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hudson K Takano
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Zoltan L Benko
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Moriah M Zielinski
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Adel Hamza
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Christopher A Kalnmals
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Joshua J Roth
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Thomas Siddall
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Norbert Satchivi
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Church
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Dilpreet S Riar
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kalnmals CA, Benko ZL, Hamza A, Bravo-Altamirano K, Siddall TL, Zielinski M, Takano HK, Riar DS, Satchivi NM, Roth JJ, Church JB. A New Class of Diaryl Ether Herbicides: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies Enabled by a Rapid Scaffold Hopping Approach. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:18171-18187. [PMID: 37350671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of a novel class of diaryl ether herbicides. After the discovery of a phenoxybenzoic acid with modest herbicidal activity, optimization led to several molecules with improved control of broadleaf and grass weeds. To facilitate this process, we first employed a three-step combinatorial approach, then pivoted to a one-step Ullmann-type coupling that provided faster access to new analogs. After determining that the primary target site of our benchmark diaryl ethers was acetolactate synthase (ALS), we further leveraged this copper-catalyzed methodology to conduct a scaffold hopping campaign in the hope of uncovering an additional mode of action with fewer documented cases of resistance. Our comprehensive and systematic investigation revealed that while the herbicidal activity of this area seems to be exclusively linked to ALS inhibition, our molecules represent a structurally distinct class of Group 2 herbicides. The structure-activity relationships that led us to this conclusion are described herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Kalnmals
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Zoltan L Benko
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Adel Hamza
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Thomas L Siddall
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Moriah Zielinski
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Hudson K Takano
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Dilpreet S Riar
- Herbicide Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Norbert M Satchivi
- Herbicide Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Joshua J Roth
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Church
- Herbicide Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Meyer KG, Bravo-Altamirano K, Herrick J, Loy BA, Yao C, Nugent B, Buchan Z, Daeuble JF, Heemstra R, Jones DM, Wilmot J, Lu Y, DeKorver K, DeLorbe J, Rigoli J. Discovery of florylpicoxamid, a mimic of a macrocyclic natural product. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 50:116455. [PMID: 34757295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have routinely been used both as sources of and inspiration for new crop protection active ingredients. The natural product UK-2A has potent anti-fungal activity but lacks key attributes for field translation. Post-fermentation conversion of UK-2A to fenpicoxamid resulted in an active ingredient with a new target site of action for cereal and banana pathogens. Here we demonstrate the creation of a synthetic variant of fenpicoxamid via identification of the structural elements of UK-2A that are needed for anti-fungal activity. Florylpicoxamid is a non-macrocyclic active ingredient bearing two fewer stereocenters than fenpicoxamid, controls a broad spectrum of fungal diseases at low use rates and has a concise, scalable route which is aligned with green chemistry principles. The development of florylpicoxamid represents the first example of using a stepwise deconstruction of a macrocyclic natural product to design a fully synthetic crop protection active ingredient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Meyer
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.
| | | | - Jessica Herrick
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Brian A Loy
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Chenglin Yao
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Ben Nugent
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Zachary Buchan
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - John F Daeuble
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Ron Heemstra
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - David M Jones
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Jeremy Wilmot
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Yu Lu
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Kyle DeKorver
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Johnathan DeLorbe
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Jared Rigoli
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Owen WJ, Meyer KG, Slanec TJ, Wang NX, Meyer ST, Niyaz NM, Rogers RB, Bravo-Altamirano K, Herrick JL, Yao C. Synthesis and biological activity of analogs of the antifungal antibiotic UK-2A. I. Impact of picolinamide ring replacement. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:413-426. [PMID: 29952118 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antifungal antibiotic UK-2A strongly inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at the Qi site of the cytochrome bc1 complex. Previous reports have described semi-synthetic modifications of UK-2A to explore the structure-activity relationship (SAR), but efforts to replace the picolinic acid moiety have been limited. RESULTS Nineteen UK-2A analogs were prepared and evaluated for Qi site (cytochrome c reductase) inhibition and antifungal activity. While the majority are weaker Qi site inhibitors than UK-2A (IC50 , 3.8 nM), compounds 2, 5, 13 and 16 are slightly more active (IC50 , 3.3, 2.02, 2.89 and 1.55 nM, respectively). Compared to UK-2A, compounds 13 and 16 also inhibit growth of Zymoseptoria tritici and Leptosphaeria nodorum more strongly, while 2 and 13 provide stronger control of Z. tritici and Puccinia triticina in glasshouse tests. The relative activities of compounds 1-19 are rationalized based on a homology model constructed for the Z. tritici Qi binding site. Physical properties of compounds 1-19 influence translation of intrinsic activity to antifungal growth inhibition and in planta disease control. CONCLUSIONS The 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy picolinic acid moiety of UK-2A can be replaced by a variety of o-hydroxy-substituted arylcarboxylic acids that retain strong activity against Z. tritici and other agriculturally relevant fungi. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W John Owen
- Crop Protection Discovery-Biology, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Kevin G Meyer
- Crop Protection Discovery-Chemistry, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Thomas J Slanec
- Crop Protection Discovery-Biology, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Nick X Wang
- Crop Protection Discovery-Chemistry, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Stacy T Meyer
- Crop Protection Discovery-Biology, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Noormohamed M Niyaz
- Crop Protection Discovery-Chemistry, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Richard B Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, 6040 USA South Drive, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Crop Protection Discovery-Chemistry, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Jessica L Herrick
- Crop Protection Discovery-Chemistry, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| | - Chenglin Yao
- Crop Protection Discovery-Biology, Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Meyer KG, Yao C, Nugent B, Bravo-Altamirano K, Herrick J, Dent W, Li F, Wilmot J, Daeuble JF, DeLorbe J, Lu Y, LaLonde R, DeKorver K, Boebel T. Modular Approach to Macrocyclic Picolinamides. ACS Symposium Series 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2019-1334.ch002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G. Meyer
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Chenglin Yao
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Ben Nugent
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Jessica Herrick
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - William Dent
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Fangzheng Li
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Jeremy Wilmot
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - John F. Daeuble
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Jonathan DeLorbe
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Yu Lu
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Rebecca LaLonde
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Kyle DeKorver
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| | - Timothy Boebel
- Crop Protection Discovery, Corteva AgriscienceTM, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268-1054, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang M, Tarr TB, Bravo-Altamirano K, Valdomir G, Rensch G, Swanson L, DeStefino NR, Mazzarisi CM, Olszewski RA, Wilson GM, Meriney SD, Wipf P. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a selective N- and p/q-type calcium channel agonist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:985-90. [PMID: 24936234 DOI: 10.1021/ml3002083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute effect of the potent cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitor (R)-roscovitine on Ca(2+) channels inspired the development of structural analogues as a potential treatment for motor nerve terminal dysfunction. On the basis of a versatile chlorinated purine scaffold, we have synthesized ca. 20 derivatives and characterized their N-type Ca(2+) channel agonist action. Agents that showed strong agonist effects were also characterized in a kinase panel for their off-target effects. Among several novel compounds with diminished cdk activity, we identified a new lead structure with a 4-fold improved N-type Ca(2+) channel agonist effect and a 22-fold decreased cdk2 activity as compared to (R)-roscovitine. This compound was selective for agonist activity on N- and P/Q-type over L-type calcium channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Liang
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tyler B. Tarr
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Guillermo Valdomir
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Gabriel Rensch
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Lauren Swanson
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Nicholas R. DeStefino
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Cara M. Mazzarisi
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Rachel A. Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Gabriela Mustata Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen D. Meriney
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, §Department of Neuroscience and Center for Neuroscience, and ∥Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo J, Clausen DM, Beumer JH, Parise RA, Egorin MJ, Bravo-Altamirano K, Wipf P, Sharlow ER, Wang QJ, Eiseman JL. In vitro cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and metabolism of small-molecule protein kinase D inhibitors, kb-NB142-70 and kb-NB165-09, in mice bearing human cancer xenografts. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012; 71:331-44. [PMID: 23108699 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-2010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Protein kinase D (PKD) mediates diverse biological responses including cell growth and survival. Therefore, PKD inhibitors may have therapeutic potential. We evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity of two PKD inhibitors, kb-NB142-70 and its methoxy analogue, kb-NB165-09, and examined their in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetics. METHODS The in vitro cytotoxicities of kb-NB142-70 and kb-NB165-09 were evaluated by MTT assay against PC-3, androgen-independent prostate cancer cells, and CFPAC-1 and PANC-1, pancreatic cancer cells. Efficacy studies were conducted in mice bearing either PC-3 or CPFAC-1 xenografts. Tumor-bearing mice were euthanized between 5 and 1,440 min after iv dosing, and plasma and tissue concentrations were measured by HPLC-UV. Metabolites were characterized by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS kb-NB142-70 and kb-NB165-09 inhibited cellular growth in the low-mid μM range. The compounds were inactive when administered to tumor-bearing mice. In mice treated with kb-NB142-70, the plasma C (max) was 36.9 nmol/mL, and the PC-3 tumor C (max) was 11.8 nmol/g. In mice dosed with kb-NB165-09, the plasma C (max) was 61.9 nmol/mL, while the PANC-1 tumor C (max) was 8.0 nmol/g. The plasma half-lives of kb-NB142-70 and kb-NB165-09 were 6 and 14 min, respectively. Both compounds underwent oxidation and glucuronidation. CONCLUSIONS kb-NB142-70 and kb-NB165-09 were rapidly metabolized, and concentrations in tumor were lower than those required for in vitro cytotoxicity. Replacement of the phenolic hydroxyl group with a methoxy group increased the plasma half-life of kb-NB165-09 2.3-fold over that of kb-NB142-70. Rapid metabolism in mice suggests that next-generation compounds will require further structural modifications to increase potency and/or metabolic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Guo
- Molecular Therapeutics and Drug Discovery, The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave, Room G27b, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bravo-Altamirano K, George KM, Frantz MC, LaValle CR, Tandon M, Leimgruber S, Sharlow ER, Lazo JS, Wang QJ, Wipf P. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Benzothienothiazepinone Inhibitors of Protein Kinase D. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:154-159. [PMID: 21617763 DOI: 10.1021/ml100230n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) is a member of a novel family of serine/threonine kinases that regulate fundamental cellular processes. PKD is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer. Progress in understanding the biological functions and therapeutic potential of PKD has been hampered by the lack of specific inhibitors. The benzoxoloazepinolone CID755673 was recently identified as the first potent and selective PKD inhibitor. The study of structure-activity relationships (SAR) of this lead structure led to further improvements in PKD1 potency. We describe herein the synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzothienothiazepinone analogs. We achieved a ten-fold increase in the in vitro PKD1 inhibitory potency for the second generation lead kb-NB142-70 and accomplished a transition to an almost equally potent novel pyrimidine scaffold, while maintaining excellent target selectivity. These promising results will guide the design of pharmacological tools to dissect PKD function and pave the way for the development of potential anti-cancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stephanie Leimgruber
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John S. Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Q. Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Abstract
Access to P-chiral H-phosphinates via desymmetrization of hypophosphite esters was investigated. The use of chiral auxiliaries, chiral catalysts, and of a bulky prochiral group that could lead to kinetic resolution was explored. A chiral NMR assay for enantiomeric excess determination of H-phosphinates was developed. An asymmetric route to C-chiral H-phosphinates is also examined and an assay was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry, TCU Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lavalle CR, Bravo-Altamirano K, Giridhar KV, Chen J, Sharlow E, Lazo JS, Wipf P, Wang QJ. Novel protein kinase D inhibitors cause potent arrest in prostate cancer cell growth and motility. BMC Chem Biol 2010; 10:5. [PMID: 20444281 PMCID: PMC2873968 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6769-10-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Protein kinase D (PKD) has been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes and pathological conditions including cancer. However, targeting PKD therapeutically and dissecting PKD-mediated cellular responses remains difficult due to lack of a potent and selective inhibitor. Previously, we identified a novel pan-PKD inhibitor, CID755673, with potency in the upper nanomolar range and high selectivity for PKD. In an effort to further enhance its selectivity and potency for potential in vivo application, small molecule analogs of CID755673 were generated by modifying both the core structure and side-chains. Results After initial activity screening, five analogs with equal or greater potencies as CID755673 were chosen for further analysis: kb-NB142-70, kb-NB165-09, kb-NB165-31, kb-NB165-92, and kb-NB184-02. Our data showed that modifications to the aromatic core structure in particular significantly increased potency while retaining high specificity for PKD. When tested in prostate cancer cells, all compounds inhibited PMA-induced autophosphorylation of PKD1, with kb-NB142-70 being most active. Importantly, these analogs caused a dramatic arrest in cell proliferation accompanying elevated cytotoxicity when applied to prostate cancer cells. Cell migration and invasion were also inhibited by these analogs with varying potencies that correlated to their cellular activity. Conclusions Throughout the battery of experiments, the compounds kb-NB142-70 and kb-NB165-09 emerged as the most potent and specific analogs in vitro and in cells. These compounds are undergoing further testing for their effectiveness as pharmacological tools for dissecting PKD function and as potential anti-cancer agents in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Lavalle
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sharlow ER, Giridhar KV, LaValle CR, Chen J, Leimgruber S, Barrett R, Bravo-Altamirano K, Wipf P, Lazo JS, Wang QJ. Potent and selective disruption of protein kinase D functionality by a benzoxoloazepinolone. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:33516-26. [PMID: 18829454 PMCID: PMC2586241 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m805358200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) is a novel family of serine/threonine kinases targeted by the second messenger diacylglycerol. It has been implicated in many important cellular processes and pathological conditions. However, further analysis of PKD in these processes is severely hampered by the lack of a PKD-specific inhibitor that can be readily applied to cells and in animal models. We now report the discovery of the first potent and selective cell-active small molecule inhibitor for PKD, benzoxoloazepinolone (CID755673). This inhibitor was identified from the National Institutes of Health small molecule repository library of 196,173 compounds using a human PKD1 (PKCmu)-based fluorescence polarization high throughput screening assay. CID755673 suppressed half of the PKD1 enzyme activity at 182 nm and exhibited selective PKD1 inhibition when compared with AKT, polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), CDK activating kinase (CAK), CAMKIIalpha, and three different PKC isoforms. Moreover, it was not competitive with ATP for enzyme inhibition. In cell-based assays, CID755673 blocked phorbol ester-induced endogenous PKD1 activation in LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Functionally, CID755673 inhibited the known biological actions of PKD1 including phorbol ester-induced class IIa histone deacetylase 5 nuclear exclusion, vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein transport from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, and the ilimaquinone-induced Golgi fragmentation. Moreover, CID755673 inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion. In summary, our findings indicate that CID755673 is a potent and selective PKD1 inhibitor with valuable pharmacological and cell biological potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Coudray L, Bravo-Altamirano K, Montchamp JL. Allylic phosphinates via palladium-catalyzed allylation of H-phosphinic acids with allylic alcohols. Org Lett 2008; 10:1123-6. [PMID: 18288851 DOI: 10.1021/ol8000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel catalytic allylation of H-phosphinic acids is described. Using Pd/xantphos (2 mol %), H-phosphinic acids react directly with allylic alcohols to produce P-allylated disubstituted phosphinic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Coudray
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bravo-Altamirano K, Abrunhosa-Thomas I, Montchamp JL. Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions of Hypophosphorous Compounds with Allenes, Dienes, and Allylic Electrophiles: Methodology for the Synthesis of Allylic H-Phosphinates. J Org Chem 2008; 73:2292-301. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702542a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | | | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
A novel access to phosphonic acids via Pd-catalyzed tandem carbon-phosphorus bond formation - oxidation processes was developed. The procedures involve atom-economical and environmentally friendly functionalization reactions of hypophosphorous acid (H(3)PO(2)) and H-phosphinic acids [RP(O)(OH)(H)].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
A novel palladium-catalyzed allylation of H3PO2 with allylic alcohols is described. The phosphorus-carbon bond-forming reaction produces allylic-H-phosphinic acids and water, in the absence of additives. Primary H-phosphinic acids are obtained in excellent yields, whereas secondary H-phosphinic acids react sluggishly. A reusable polymer-supported catalyst is also described. The reaction provides an environmentally sound approach to H-phosphinic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A new nickel-based catalytic system has been developed for phosphorus-carbon bond formation. The addition of alkyl phosphinates to alkynes is catalyzed by nickel chloride in the absence of added ligand. The reaction generally proceeds in high yields, even with internal alkynes, which were poor substrates in our previously reported palladium-catalyzed hydrophosphinylation of alkyl phosphinates. The method is useful for the preparation of H-phosphinate esters and their derivatives. The one-pot synthesis of various important organophosphorus compounds is also demonstrated. The reaction can be conducted with microwave heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Ribière
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang Z, Bravo-Altamirano K, Montchamp JL. Direct synthesis of H-aryl and H-heteroarylphosphinic esters via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkylphosphinates. CR CHIM 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2003.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|