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Randazzo K, Bartkiewicz M, Graczykowski B, Cangialosi D, Fytas G, Zuo B, Priestley RD. Direct Visualization and Characterization of Interfacially Adsorbed Polymer atop Nanoparticles and within Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Randazzo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | | | - Bartlomiej Graczykowski
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Daniele Cangialosi
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 5, San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, 20018, San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - George Fytas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rodney D. Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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Hao Z, Ghanekarade A, Zhu N, Randazzo K, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K, Wang X, Simmons DS, Priestley RD, Zuo B. Mobility gradients yield rubbery surfaces on top of polymer glasses. Nature 2021; 596:372-376. [PMID: 34408328 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many emerging materials, such as ultrastable glasses1,2 of interest for phone displays and OLED television screens, owe their properties to a gradient of enhanced mobility at the surface of glass-forming liquids. The discovery of this surface mobility enhancement3-5 has reshaped our understanding of the behaviour of glass formers and of how to fashion them into improved materials. In polymeric glasses, these interfacial modifications are complicated by the existence of a second length scale-the size of the polymer chain-as well as the length scale of the interfacial mobility gradient6-9. Here we present simulations, theory and time-resolved surface nano-creep experiments to reveal that this two-scale nature of glassy polymer surfaces drives the emergence of a transient rubbery, entangled-like surface behaviour even in polymers comprised of short, subentangled chains. We find that this effect emerges from superposed gradients in segmental dynamics and chain conformational statistics. The lifetime of this rubbery behaviour, which will have broad implications in constraining surface relaxations central to applications including tribology, adhesion, and surface healing of polymeric glasses, extends as the material is cooled. The surface layers suffer a general breakdown in time-temperature superposition (TTS), a fundamental tenet of polymer physics and rheology. This finding may require a reevaluation of strategies for the prediction of long-time properties in polymeric glasses with high interfacial areas. We expect that this interfacial transient elastomer effect and TTS breakdown should normally occur in macromolecular systems ranging from nanocomposites to thin films, where interfaces dominate material properties5,10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Asieh Ghanekarade
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ningtao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - David S Simmons
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Rodney D Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. .,Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
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Zuo B, Li C, Xu Q, Randazzo K, Jiang N, Wang X, Priestley RD. Ultrastable Glassy Polymer Films with an Ultradense Brush Morphology. ACS Nano 2021; 15:9568-9576. [PMID: 34032418 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glassy polymer films with extreme stability could enable major advancements in a range of fields that require the use of polymers in confined environments. Yet, from a materials design perspective, we now know that the glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal expansion of polymer thin films can be dramatically different from those characteristics of the bulk, i.e., exhibiting confinement-induced diminished thermal stability. Here, we demonstrate that polymer brushes with an ultrahigh grafting density, i.e., an ultradense brush morphology, exhibit a significant enhancement in thermal stability, as manifested by an exceptionally high Tg and low expansivity. For instance, a 5 nm thick polystyrene brush film exhibits an ∼75 K increase in Tg and ∼90% reduction in expansivity compared to a spin-cast film of similar thickness. Our results establish how morphology can overcome confinement and interfacial effects in controlling thin-film material properties and how this can be achieved by the dense packing and molecular ordering in the amorphous state of ultradense brushes prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization in combination with a self-assembled monolayer of initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Quanyin Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Rodney D Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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Ozden S, Dutta NS, Randazzo K, Tsafack T, Arnold CB, Priestley RD. Interfacial Engineering to Tailor the Properties of Multifunctional Ultralight Weight hBN-Polymer Composite Aerogels. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:13620-13628. [PMID: 33689272 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A common feature of aerogels is that they are brittle and suffer from poor mechanical properties. The development of high-performance, lightweight, and mechanically robust polymer composite aerogels may find use in a broad range of applications such as packaging, transportation, construction, electronics, and aerospace. Most aerogels are made of ceramic materials, such as silica, alumina, and carbide. These aerogels are dense and brittle. Two-dimensional (2D) layered nanostructures such as graphene, graphene oxide and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have promising potential in emerging technologies including those involved in extreme environmental conditions because they can withstand high temperatures, harsh chemical environments, and corrosion. Here, we report the development of highly porous, ultralightweight, and flexible aerogel composites made by the infiltration of various polymers into 2D hBN aerogels. The 2D hBN aerogels in which pore size could be controlled were fabricated using a unique self-assembly approach involving polystyrene nanoparticles as templates for ammonia borane into desired structures. We have shown that the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of hBN-polymer composite aerogels can be tuned by the infiltration of different additives. We also performed theoretical calculations to gain insight into the interfacial interactions between the hBN-polymer structure, as the interface is critical in determining key material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehmus Ozden
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
| | - Nikita S Dutta
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
| | - Thierry Tsafack
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Craig B Arnold
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
| | - Rodney D Priestley
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 United States
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Abstract
Intermolecular crowding of densely tethered polymers promotes chain extension and anisotropy that induces many unique properties. In this study, we used conformation-sensitive infrared spectroscopy to determine that chain extension in a polymer brush is associated with local conformation rearrangements, i.e., contraction of side groups and increased proportion of gauche twists in the backbone, which served to increase molecular disorder at or below the segmental scale. This conformational transition points to a particular molecular mechanism for chain extension in densely tethered polymers, wherein increased local disorder facilitates global chain ordering (i.e., chain extension) and therefore supplements our current understanding of chain orientation at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hao Zha
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Rodney D Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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Davis MJB, Randazzo K, Zuo B, Priestley RD. Revealing Interfacial Interactions in Random Copolymer Adsorbed Layers by Solvent Leaching. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e1900582. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary J. B. Davis
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
- Department of ChemistryKey Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of the Education MinistryZhejiang Sci‐Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
| | - Rodney D. Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of MaterialsPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
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Wang Z, Miller B, Butz J, Randazzo K, Wang ZD, Chu QR. Polyladderane Constructed from a Gemini Monomer through Photoreaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12155-12159. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Wang
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58202 USA
| | - Benjamin Miller
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58202 USA
| | - Jonathan Butz
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58202 USA
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58202 USA
| | - Zijun D. Wang
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58202 USA
| | - Qianli R. Chu
- Department of Chemistry; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58202 USA
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Wang Z, Randazzo K, Hou X, Simpson J, Struppe J, Ugrinov A, Kastern B, Wysocki E, Chu QR. Stereoregular Two-Dimensional Polymers Constructed by Topochemical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Katelyn Randazzo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Xiaodong Hou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Jeffrey Simpson
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker Biospin Ltd., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Angel Ugrinov
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Brent Kastern
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Erin Wysocki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Qianli R. Chu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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