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Goggans KR, Belyaeva OV, Klyuyeva AV, Studdard J, Slay A, Newman RB, VanBuren CA, Everts HB, Kedishvili NY. Epidermal retinol dehydrogenases cyclically regulate stem cell markers and clock genes and influence hair composition. Commun Biol 2024; 7:453. [PMID: 38609439 PMCID: PMC11014975 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The hair follicle (HF) is a self-renewing adult miniorgan that undergoes drastic metabolic and morphological changes during precisely timed cyclic organogenesis. The HF cycle is known to be regulated by steroid hormones, growth factors and circadian clock genes. Recent data also suggest a role for a vitamin A derivative, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the activating ligand of transcription factors, retinoic acid receptors, in the regulation of the HF cycle. Here we demonstrate that ATRA signaling cycles during HF regeneration and this pattern is disrupted by genetic deletion of epidermal retinol dehydrogenases 2 (RDHE2, SDR16C5) and RDHE2-similar (RDHE2S, SDR16C6) that catalyze the rate-limiting step in ATRA biosynthesis. Deletion of RDHEs results in accelerated anagen to catagen and telogen to anagen transitions, altered HF composition, reduced levels of HF stem cell markers, and dysregulated circadian clock gene expression, suggesting a broad role of RDHEs in coordinating multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alla V Klyuyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jacob Studdard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aja Slay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Regina B Newman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Christine A VanBuren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Helen B Everts
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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2
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Belyaeva OV, Klyuyeva AV, Vyas A, Berger WK, Halasz L, Yu J, Atigadda VR, Slay A, Goggans KR, Renfrow MB, Kane MA, Nagy L, Kedishvili NY. The retinoid X receptor has a critical role in synthetic rexinoid-induced increase in cellular all-trans-retinoic acid. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301447. [PMID: 38557762 PMCID: PMC10984533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Rexinoids are agonists of nuclear rexinoid X receptors (RXR) that heterodimerize with other nuclear receptors to regulate gene transcription. A number of selective RXR agonists have been developed for clinical use but their application has been hampered by the unwanted side effects associated with the use of rexinoids and a limited understanding of their mechanisms of action across different cell types. Our previous studies showed that treatment of organotypic human epidermis with the low toxicity UAB30 and UAB110 rexinoids resulted in increased steady-state levels of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the obligatory ligand of the RXR-RAR heterodimers. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the increase in ATRA levels using a dominant negative RXRα that lacks the activation function 2 (AF-2) domain. The results demonstrated that overexpression of dnRXRα in human organotypic epidermis markedly reduced signaling by resident ATRA, suggesting the existence of endogenous RXR ligand, diminished the biological effects of UAB30 and UAB110 on epidermis morphology and gene expression, and nearly abolished the rexinoid-induced increase in ATRA levels. Global transcriptome analysis of dnRXRα-rafts in comparison to empty vector-transduced rafts showed that over 95% of the differentially expressed genes in rexinoid-treated rafts constitute direct or indirect ATRA-regulated genes. Thus, the biological effects of UAB30 and UAB110 are mediated through the AF-2 domain of RXRα with minimal side effects in human epidermis. As ATRA levels are known to be reduced in certain epithelial pathologies, treatment with UAB30 and UAB110 may represent a promising therapy for normalizing the endogenous ATRA concentration and signaling in epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Alla V. Klyuyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Ansh Vyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Wilhelm K. Berger
- Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States of America
| | - Laszlo Halasz
- Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States of America
| | - Jianshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Venkatram R. Atigadda
- Department of Dermatology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Aja Slay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Kelli R. Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Renfrow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Maureen A. Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Laszlo Nagy
- Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States of America
| | - Natalia Y. Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
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3
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Avila AH, Weixelbaum JH, Goggans KR, Compton WM. The national institute on drug abuse diversity scholars network: success for a diverse addiction science workforce. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1963-1967. [PMID: 37726356 PMCID: PMC10584943 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a well-known lack of diversity in many Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The gap in awarded National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants for scientists from underrepresented populations at the early stages of their careers contributes significantly to this lack of diversity. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Diversity Scholars Network (NDSN) program implemented a new model in 2016 to provide support to underrepresented early-career investigators (ECIs) by equipping them to navigate the competitive NIH grant process. NDSN has a demonstrable track record of providing equity through educational opportunities by enhancing the grant funding success of participants. Of 59 participants from 2016 through 2021, 53% received funding within the first two years after completing the program and 69% by four years. NDSN scholars surmount systemic funding barriers by building relationships with scientific coaches, mentors, NIDA Program Officials and intentionally engaging in network building, which all contribute to the funding success of ECIs. NIDA's NDSN program provides a model for retaining underrepresented ECIs that not only benefits individual scholars, but also the institutions they serve and society as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert H Avila
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Butovich IA, Wilkerson A, Goggans KR, Belyaeva OV, Kedishvili NY, Yuksel S. Sdr16c5 and Sdr16c6 control a dormant pathway at a bifurcation point between meibogenesis and sebogenesis. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104725. [PMID: 37075844 PMCID: PMC10206187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Genes Sdr16c5 and Sdr16c6 encode proteins that belong to a superfamily of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR16C5 and SDR16C6). Simultaneous inactivation of these genes in double-KO (DKO) mice was previously shown to result in a marked enlargement of the mouse Meibomian glands (MGs) and sebaceous glands, respectively. However, the exact roles of SDRs in physiology and biochemistry of MGs and sebaceous glands have not been established yet. Therefore, we characterized, for the first time, meibum and sebum of Sdr16c5/Sdr16c6-null (DKO) mice using high-resolution MS and LC. In this study, we demonstrated that the mutation upregulated the overall production of MG secretions (also known as meibogenesis) and noticeably altered their lipidomic profile, but had a more subtle effect on sebogenesis. The major changes in meibum of DKO mice included abnormal accumulation of shorter chain, sebaceous-type cholesteryl esters and wax esters (WEs), and a marked increase in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated and diunsaturated Meibomian-type WEs. Importantly, the MGs of DKO mice maintained their ability to produce typical extremely long chain Meibomian-type lipids at seemingly normal levels. These observations indicated preferential activation of a previously dormant biosynthetic pathway that produce shorter chain, and more unsaturated, sebaceous-type WEs in the MGs of DKO mice, without altering the elongation patterns of their extremely long chain Meibomian-type counterparts. We conclude that the Sdr16c5/Sdr16c6 pair may control a point of bifurcation in one of the meibogenesis subpathways at which biosynthesis of lipids can be redirected toward either abnormal sebaceous-type lipidome or normal Meibomian-type lipidome in WT mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Butovich
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
| | - Amber Wilkerson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Seher Yuksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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5
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Belyaeva OV, Wirth SE, Boeglin WE, Karki S, Goggans KR, Wendell SG, Popov KM, Brash AR, Kedishvili NY. Dehydrogenase reductase 9 (SDR9C4) and related homologs recognize a broad spectrum of lipid mediator oxylipins as substrates. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101527. [PMID: 34953854 PMCID: PMC8761697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive oxylipins play multiple roles during inflammation and in the immune response, with termination of their actions partly dependent on the activity of yet-to-be characterized dehydrogenases. Here, we report that human microsomal dehydrogenase reductase 9 (DHRS9, also known as SDR9C4 of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily) exhibits a robust oxidative activity toward oxylipins with hydroxyl groups located at carbons C9 and C13 of octadecanoids, C12 and C15 carbons of eicosanoids, and C14 carbon of docosanoids. DHRS9/SDR9C4 is also active toward lipid inflammatory mediator dihydroxylated Leukotriene B4 and proresolving mediators such as tri-hydroxylated Resolvin D1 and Lipoxin A4, although notably, with lack of activity on the 15-hydroxyl of prostaglandins. We also found that the SDR enzymes phylogenetically related to DHRS9, i.e., human SDR9C8 (or retinol dehydrogenase 16), the rat SDR9C family member known as retinol dehydrogenase 7, and the mouse ortholog of human DHRS9 display similar activity toward oxylipin substrates. Mice deficient in DHRS9 protein are viable, fertile, and display no apparent phenotype under normal conditions. However, the oxidative activity of microsomal membranes from the skin, lung, and trachea of Dhrs9−/− mice toward 1 μM Leukotriene B4 is 1.7- to 6-fold lower than that of microsomes from wild-type littermates. In addition, the oxidative activity toward 1 μM Resolvin D1 is reduced by about 2.5-fold with DHRS9-null microsomes from the skin and trachea. These results strongly suggest that DHRS9 might play an important role in the metabolism of a wide range of bioactive oxylipins in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Samuel E Wirth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - William E Boeglin
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Suman Karki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Stacy G Wendell
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kirill M Popov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Alan R Brash
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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6
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Li J, Garavaglia S, Ye Z, Moretti A, Belyaeva OV, Beiser A, Ibrahim M, Wilk A, McClellan S, Klyuyeva AV, Goggans KR, Kedishvili NY, Salter EA, Wierzbicki A, Migaud ME, Mullett SJ, Yates NA, Camacho CJ, Rizzi M, Sobol RW. A specific inhibitor of ALDH1A3 regulates retinoic acid biosynthesis in glioma stem cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1420. [PMID: 34934174 PMCID: PMC8692581 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity correlates with poor outcome for many solid tumors as ALDHs may regulate cell proliferation and chemoresistance of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Accordingly, potent, and selective inhibitors of key ALDH enzymes may represent a novel CSC-directed treatment paradigm for ALDH+ cancer types. Of the many ALDH isoforms, we and others have implicated the elevated expression of ALDH1A3 in mesenchymal glioma stem cells (MES GSCs) as a target for the development of novel therapeutics. To this end, our structure of human ALDH1A3 combined with in silico modeling identifies a selective, active-site inhibitor of ALDH1A3. The lead compound, MCI-INI-3, is a selective competitive inhibitor of human ALDH1A3 and shows poor inhibitory effect on the structurally related isoform ALDH1A1. Mass spectrometry-based cellular thermal shift analysis reveals that ALDH1A3 is the primary binding protein for MCI-INI-3 in MES GSC lysates. The inhibitory effect of MCI-INI-3 on retinoic acid biosynthesis is comparable with that of ALDH1A3 knockout, suggesting that effective inhibition of ALDH1A3 is achieved with MCI-INI-3. Further development is warranted to characterize the role of ALDH1A3 and retinoic acid biosynthesis in glioma stem cell growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Li
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Silvia Garavaglia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Zhaofeng Ye
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Andrea Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, 720 20th Street South, Kaul 440B, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Alison Beiser
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Md Ibrahim
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Anna Wilk
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Steve McClellan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Alla V Klyuyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, 720 20th Street South, Kaul 440B, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, 720 20th Street South, Kaul 440B, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, 720 20th Street South, Kaul 440B, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - E Alan Salter
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, 6040 USA South Drive, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Andrzej Wierzbicki
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, 6040 USA South Drive, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Marie E Migaud
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Steven J Mullett
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Nathan A Yates
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Carlos J Camacho
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Robert W Sobol
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
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7
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Klyuyeva AV, Belyaeva OV, Goggans KR, Krezel W, Popov KM, Kedishvili NY. Changes in retinoid metabolism and signaling associated with metabolic remodeling during fasting and in type I diabetes. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100323. [PMID: 33485967 PMCID: PMC7949101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is the central metabolic hub that coordinates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The bioactive derivative of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), was shown to regulate major metabolic genes including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, and glucokinase among others. Expression levels of these genes undergo profound changes during adaptation to fasting or in metabolic diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, it is unknown whether the levels of hepatic RA change during metabolic remodeling. This study investigated the dynamics of hepatic retinoid metabolism and signaling in the fed state, in fasting, and in T1D. Our results show that fed-to-fasted transition is associated with significant decrease in hepatic retinol dehydrogenase (RDH) activity, the rate-limiting step in RA biosynthesis, and downregulation of RA signaling. The decrease in RDH activity correlates with the decreased abundance and altered subcellular distribution of RDH10 while Rdh10 transcript levels remain unchanged. In contrast to fasting, untreated T1D is associated with upregulation of RA signaling and an increase in hepatic RDH activity, which correlates with the increased abundance of RDH10 in microsomal membranes. The dynamic changes in RDH10 protein levels in the absence of changes in its transcript levels imply the existence of posttranscriptional regulation of RDH10 protein. Together, these data suggest that the downregulation of hepatic RA biosynthesis, in part via the decrease in RDH10, is an integral component of adaptation to fasting. In contrast, the upregulation of hepatic RA biosynthesis and signaling in T1D might contribute to metabolic inflexibility associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla V Klyuyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Wojciech Krezel
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC) - INSERM, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kirill M Popov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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8
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Wu L, Belyaeva OV, Adams MK, Klyuyeva AV, Lee SA, Goggans KR, Kesterson RA, Popov KM, Kedishvili NY. Mice lacking the epidermal retinol dehydrogenases SDR16C5 and SDR16C6 display accelerated hair growth and enlarged meibomian glands. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17060-17074. [PMID: 31562240 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinol dehydrogenases catalyze the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid, a bioactive lipid molecule that regulates the expression of hundreds of genes by binding to nuclear transcription factors, the retinoic acid receptors. Several enzymes exhibit retinol dehydrogenase activities in vitro; however, their physiological relevance for retinoic acid biosynthesis in vivo remains unclear. Here, we present evidence that two murine epidermal retinol dehydrogenases, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 16C member 5 (SDR16C5) and SDR16C6, contribute to retinoic acid biosynthesis in living cells and are also essential for the oxidation of retinol to retinaldehyde in vivo Mice with targeted knockout of the more catalytically active SDR16C6 enzyme have no obvious phenotype, possibly due to functional redundancy, because Sdr16c5 and Sdr16c6 exhibit an overlapping expression pattern during later developmental stages and in adulthood. Mice that lack both enzymes are viable and fertile but display accelerated hair growth after shaving and also enlarged meibomian glands, consistent with a nearly 80% reduction in the retinol dehydrogenase activities of skin membrane fractions from the Sdr16c5/Sdr16c6 double-knockout mice. The up-regulation of hair-follicle stem cell genes is consistent with reduced retinoic acid signaling in the skin of the double-knockout mice. These results indicate that the retinol dehydrogenase activities of murine SDR16C5 and SDR16C6 enzymes are not critical for survival but are responsible for most of the retinol dehydrogenase activity in skin, essential for the regulation of the hair-follicle cycle, and required for the maintenance of both sebaceous and meibomian glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Mark K Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Alla V Klyuyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Seung-Ah Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Kelli R Goggans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Robert A Kesterson
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Kirill M Popov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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