1
|
Mancilla VJ, Braden-Kuhle PN, Brice KN, Mann AE, Williams MT, Zhang Y, Chumley MJ, Barber RC, White SN, Boehm GW, Allen MS. A Synthetic Formula Amino Acid Diet Leads to Microbiome Dysbiosis, Reduced Colon Length, Inflammation, and Altered Locomotor Activity in C57BL/6J Mice. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2694. [PMID: 38004705 PMCID: PMC10673175 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of synthetic, free-amino acid diets, similar to those prescribed as supplements for (phenylketonuria) PKU patients, on gut microbiota and overall health are not well understood. In the current, multidisciplinary study, we examined the effects of a synthetically-derived, low-fiber, amino acid diet on behavior, cognition, gut microbiome composition, and inflammatory markers. A cohort of 20 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to either a standard or synthetic diet (n = 10) at post-natal day 21 and maintained for 13 weeks. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from fecal samples revealed decreased bacterial diversity, increased abundance of bacteria associated with disease, such as Prevotella, and a downward shift in gut microbiota associated with fermentation pathways in the synthetic diet group. Furthermore, there were decreased levels of short chain fatty acids and shortening of the colon in mice consuming the synthetic diet. Finally, we measured TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in serum, the hippocampus, and colon, and found that the synthetic diet significantly increased IL-6 production in the hippocampus. These results demonstrate the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to future diet and microbiome studies, as diet not only impacts the gut microbiome composition but potentially systemic health as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana J. Mancilla
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Paige N. Braden-Kuhle
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Kelly N. Brice
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Allison E. Mann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Megan T. Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Michael J. Chumley
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA;
| | - Robert C. Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Sabrina N. White
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Gary W. Boehm
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Michael S. Allen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brice KN, Hagen CW, Peterman JL, Figg JW, Braden PN, Chumley MJ, Boehm GW. Chronic sleep restriction increases soluble hippocampal Aβ-42 and impairs cognitive performance. Physiol Behav 2020; 226:113128. [PMID: 32791178 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, over 44 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD). A common feature of AD is disrupted sleep. Sleep is essential for many psychological and physiological functions, though 35.3% of adults report getting less than 7 hours per night. The present research examined whether chronic sleep restriction would elevate hippocampal amyloid-beta1-42 expression or alter cognitive ability in adult C57BL/6 mice. Chronic sleep restriction was associated with cognitive impairment and increased hippocampal amyloid-beta. Thus, chronic sleep loss may have a detrimental effect upon cognitive function, in part, via increasing amyloid-beta levels in the hippocampus, even in non-genetically modified mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Brice
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Christopher W Hagen
- Texas Christian University, Department of Biology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Julia L Peterman
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - John W Figg
- Texas Christian University, Department of Biology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Paige N Braden
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Michael J Chumley
- Texas Christian University, Department of Biology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Gary W Boehm
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|