1
|
Jones-Isaac KA, Lidberg KA, Yeung CK, Yang J, Bain J, Ruiz M, Koenig G, Koenig P, Countryman S, Himmelfarb J, Kelly EJ. Development of a kidney microphysiological system hardware platform for microgravity studies. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:54. [PMID: 38734683 PMCID: PMC11088639 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining the physiological effects of microgravity on the human kidney is limited to relatively insensitive tests of biofluids (blood and urine) that do not return abnormal results until more than 50% of kidney function is lost. We have developed an "organ on chip" microphysiological model of the human kidney proximal tubule (PT-MPS) that can recapitulate many kidney functions and disease states and could play a critical role in determining mechanisms of early kidney dysfunction in microgravity. However, the ground-based PT-MPS system is incompatible with spaceflight as it requires a large pneumatic system coupled to a cell incubator for perfusion and intensive hand-on manipulation. Herein, we report the hardware engineering and performance of the Kidney Chip Perfusion Platform (KCPP), a small, advanced, semi-autonomous hardware platform to support kidney microphysiological model experiments in microgravity. The KCPP is composed of five components, the kidney MPS, the MPS housing and valve block, media cassettes, fixative cassettes, and the programable precision syringe pump. The system has been deployed twice to the ISSNL (aboard CRS-17 and CRS-22). From each set of ISSNL experiments and ground-based controls, we were able to recover PT-MPS effluent for biomarker analysis and RNA suitable for transcriptomics analysis demonstrating the usability and functionality of the KCPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- RayzeBio, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Catherine K Yeung
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Jade Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jacelyn Bain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Micaela Ruiz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Greta Koenig
- BioServe Space Technologies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Paul Koenig
- BioServe Space Technologies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lidberg KA, Muthusamy S, Adil M, Mahadeo A, Yang J, Patel RS, Wang L, Bammler TK, Reichel J, Yeung CK, Himmelfarb J, Kelly EJ, Akilesh S. Serum Protein Exposure Activates a Core Regulatory Program Driving Human Proximal Tubule Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:949-965. [PMID: 35197326 PMCID: PMC9063895 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidneys efficiently filter waste products while retaining serum proteins in the circulation. However, numerous diseases compromise this barrier function, resulting in spillage of serum proteins into the urine (proteinuria). Some studies of glomerular filtration suggest that tubules may be physiologically exposed to nephrotic-range protein levels. Therefore, whether serum components can directly injure the downstream tubular portions of the kidney, which in turn can lead to inflammation and fibrosis, remains controversial. METHODS We tested the effects of serum protein exposure in human kidney tubule microphysiologic systems and with orthogonal epigenomic approaches since animal models cannot directly assess the effect of serum components on tubules. RESULTS Serum, but not its major protein component albumin, induced tubular injury and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Epigenomic comparison of serum-injured tubules and intact kidney tissue revealed canonical stress-inducible regulation of injury-induced genes. Concordant transcriptional changes in microdissected tubulointerstitium were also observed in an independent cohort of patients with proteinuric kidney disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a causal role for serum proteins in tubular injury and identify regulatory mechanisms and novel pathways for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Selvaraj Muthusamy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mohamed Adil
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Anish Mahadeo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jade Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Theo K. Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jonathan Reichel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Catherine K. Yeung
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Edward J. Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roffers-Agarwal J, Lidberg KA, Gammill LS. The lysine methyltransferase SETD2 is a dynamically expressed regulator of early neural crest development. Genesis 2021; 59:e23448. [PMID: 34498354 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SETD2 is a histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) tri-methylase that is upregulated in response to neural crest induction. Because the H3K36 di-methylase NSD3 and cytoplasmic non-histone protein methylation are necessary for neural crest development, we investigated the expression and requirement for SETD2 in the neural crest. SetD2 is expressed throughout the chick blastoderm beginning at gastrulation. Subsequently, SetD2 mRNA becomes restricted to the neural plate, where it is strongly and dynamically expressed as neural tissue is regionalized and cell fate decisions are made. This includes expression in premigratory neural crest cells, which is downregulated prior to migration. Likely due to the early onset of its expression, SETD2 morpholino knockdown does not significantly alter premigratory Sox10 expression or neural crest migration; however, both are disrupted by a methyltransferase mutant SETD2 construct. These results suggest that SETD2 activity is essential for early neural crest development, further demonstrating that lysine methylation is an important mechanism regulating the neural crest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julaine Roffers-Agarwal
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laura S Gammill
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lidberg KA, Annalora AJ, Jozic M, Elson DJ, Wang L, Bammler TK, Ramm S, Monteiro MB, Himmelfarb J, Marcus CB, Iversen PL, Kelly EJ. Author Correction: Antisense oligonucleotide development for the selective modulation of CYP3A5 in renal disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10711. [PMID: 34002000 PMCID: PMC8128877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90075-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew J Annalora
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Marija Jozic
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Daniel J Elson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theo K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susanne Ramm
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maria Beatriz Monteiro
- Depto Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Craig B Marcus
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Patrick L Iversen
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lidberg KA, Annalora AJ, Jozic M, Elson DJ, Wang L, Bammler TK, Ramm S, Monteiro MB, Himmelfarb J, Marcus CB, Iversen PL, Kelly EJ. Antisense oligonucleotide development for the selective modulation of CYP3A5 in renal disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4722. [PMID: 33633318 PMCID: PMC7907328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
CYP3A5 is the primary CYP3A subfamily enzyme expressed in the human kidney and its aberrant expression may contribute to a broad spectrum of renal disorders. Pharmacogenetic studies have reported inconsistent linkages between CYP3A5 expression and hypertension, however, most investigators have considered CYP3A5*1 as active and CYP3A5*3 as an inactive allele. Observations of gender specific differences in CYP3A5*3/*3 protein expression suggest additional complexity in gene regulation that may underpin an environmentally responsive role for CYP3A5 in renal function. Reconciliation of the molecular mechanism driving conditional restoration of functional CYP3A5*3 expression from alternatively spliced transcripts, and validation of a morpholino-based approach for selectively suppressing renal CYP3A5 expression, is the focus of this work. Morpholinos targeting a cryptic splice acceptor created by the CYP3A5*3 mutation in intron 3 rescued functional CYP3A5 expression in vitro, and salt-sensitive cellular mechanisms regulating splicing and conditional expression of CYP3A5*3 transcripts are reported. The potential for a G-quadruplex (G4) in intron 3 to mediate restored splicing to exon 4 in CYP3A5*3 transcripts was also investigated. Finally, a proximal tubule microphysiological system (PT-MPS) was used to evaluate the safety profile of morpholinos in proximal tubule epithelial cells, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic platform for the treatment of renal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew J Annalora
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Marija Jozic
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Daniel J Elson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theo K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susanne Ramm
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maria Beatriz Monteiro
- Depto Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Craig B Marcus
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Patrick L Iversen
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weber EJ, Lidberg KA, Wang L, Bammler TK, MacDonald JW, Li MJ, Redhair M, Atkins WM, Tran C, Hines KM, Herron J, Xu L, Monteiro MB, Ramm S, Vaidya V, Vaara M, Vaara T, Himmelfarb J, Kelly EJ. Human kidney on a chip assessment of polymyxin antibiotic nephrotoxicity. JCI Insight 2018; 3:123673. [PMID: 30568031 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.123673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury, largely caused by proximal tubular intoxicants, limits development and clinical use of new and approved drugs. Assessing preclinical nephrotoxicity relies on animal models that are frequently insensitive; thus, potentially novel techniques - including human microphysiological systems, or "organs on chips" - are proposed to accelerate drug development and predict safety. Polymyxins are potent antibiotics against multidrug-resistant microorganisms; however, clinical use remains restricted because of high risk of nephrotoxicity and limited understanding of toxicological mechanisms. To mitigate risks, structural analogs of polymyxins (NAB739 and NAB741) are currently in clinical development. Using a microphysiological system to model human kidney proximal tubule, we exposed cells to polymyxin B (PMB) and observed significant increases of injury signals, including kidney injury molecule-1 KIM-1and a panel of injury-associated miRNAs (each P < 0.001). Surprisingly, transcriptional profiling identified cholesterol biosynthesis as the primary cellular pathway induced by PMB (P = 1.22 ×10-16), and effluent cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased after exposure (P < 0.01). Additionally, we observed no upregulation of the nuclear factor (erythroid derived-2)-like 2 pathway, despite this being a common pathway upregulated in response to proximal tubule toxicants. In contrast with PMB exposure, minimal changes in gene expression, injury biomarkers, and cholesterol concentrations were observed in response to NAB739 and NAB741. Our findings demonstrate the preclinical safety of NAB739 and NAB741 and reveal cholesterol biosynthesis as a potentially novel pathway for PMB-induced injury. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a human-on-chip platform used for simultaneous safety testing of new chemical entities and defining unique toxicological pathway responses of an FDA-approved molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, and
| | - Theo K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, and
| | | | - Mavis J Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelle Redhair
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - William M Atkins
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cecilia Tran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kelly M Hines
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Josi Herron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maria Beatriz Monteiro
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susanne Ramm
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vishal Vaidya
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martti Vaara
- Northern Antibiotics Ltd., Espoo, Finland.,Division of Clinical Microbiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Helsinki University Medical School, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Vaara
- Northern Antibiotics Ltd., Espoo, Finland
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Monteiro MB, Ramm S, Chandrasekaran V, Boswell SA, Weber EJ, Lidberg KA, Kelly EJ, Vaidya VS. A High-Throughput Screen Identifies DYRK1A Inhibitor ID-8 that Stimulates Human Kidney Tubular Epithelial Cell Proliferation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:2820-2833. [PMID: 30361326 PMCID: PMC6287872 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The death of epithelial cells in the proximal tubules is thought to be the primary cause of AKI, but epithelial cells that survive kidney injury have a remarkable ability to proliferate. Because proximal tubular epithelial cells play a predominant role in kidney regeneration after damage, a potential approach to treat AKI is to discover regenerative therapeutics capable of stimulating proliferation of these cells. METHODS We conducted a high-throughput phenotypic screen using 1902 biologically active compounds to identify new molecules that promote proliferation of primary human proximal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. RESULTS The primary screen identified 129 compounds that stimulated tubular epithelial cell proliferation. A secondary screen against these compounds over a range of four doses confirmed that eight resulted in a significant increase in cell number and incorporation of the modified thymidine analog EdU (indicating actively proliferating cells), compared with control conditions. These eight compounds also stimulated tubular cell proliferation in vitro after damage induced by hypoxia, cadmium chloride, cyclosporin A, or polymyxin B. ID-8, an inhibitor of dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), was the top candidate identified as having a robust proproliferative effect in two-dimensional culture models as well as a microphysiologic, three-dimensional cell culture system. Target engagement and genetic knockdown studies and RNA sequencing confirmed binding of ID-8 to DYRK1A and upregulation of cyclins and other cell cycle regulators, leading to epithelial cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a potential first-in-class compound that stimulates human kidney tubular epithelial cell proliferation after acute damage in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Monteiro
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susanne Ramm
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vidya Chandrasekaran
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah A Boswell
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elijah J Weber
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts;
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Weber EJ, Chapron A, Chapron BD, Voellinger JL, Lidberg KA, Yeung CK, Wang Z, Yamaura Y, Hailey DW, Neumann T, Shen DD, Thummel KE, Muczynski KA, Himmelfarb J, Kelly EJ. Development of a microphysiological model of human kidney proximal tubule function. Kidney Int 2017; 90:627-37. [PMID: 27521113 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The kidney proximal tubule is the primary site in the nephron for excretion of waste products through a combination of active uptake and secretory processes and is also a primary target of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Here, we describe the development and functional characterization of a 3-dimensional flow-directed human kidney proximal tubule microphysiological system. The system replicates the polarity of the proximal tubule, expresses appropriate marker proteins, exhibits biochemical and synthetic activities, as well as secretory and reabsorptive processes associated with proximal tubule function in vivo. This microphysiological system can serve as an ideal platform for ex vivo modeling of renal drug clearance and drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Additionally, this novel system can be used for preclinical screening of new chemical compounds prior to initiating human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J Weber
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alenka Chapron
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian D Chapron
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jenna L Voellinger
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Catherine K Yeung
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zhican Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamaura
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dale W Hailey
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Danny D Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vermillion KL, Lidberg KA, Gammill LS. Expression of actin-binding proteins and requirement for actin-depolymerizing factor in chick neural crest cells. Dev Dyn 2014; 243:730-8. [PMID: 24868596 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural crest cells are multipotent cells that migrate extensively throughout vertebrate embryos to form diverse lineages. Cell migration requires polarized, organized actin networks that provide the driving force for motility. Actin-binding proteins that regulate neural crest cell migration are just beginning to be defined. RESULTS We recently identified a number of actin-associated factors through proteomic profiling of methylated proteins in migratory neural crest cells. Here, we report the previously undocumented expression pattern of three of these proteins in chick early neural crest development: doublecortin (DCX), tropomyosin-1 (TPM-1), and actin depolymerizing factor (ADF). All three genes are expressed with varying degrees of specificity and intensity in premigratory and migratory neural crest cells, and their resulting proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localization in migratory neural crest cells. Morpholino knock down of ADF reveals it is required for Sox10 gene expression, but minimally important during neural crest migration. CONCLUSIONS Neural crest cells express DCX, TPM-1, and ADF. ADF is necessary during neural crest specification, but largely dispensable for migration.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Post-translational methylation of the non-histone, actin-binding protein EF1α1 is essential for neural crest migration. As they initiate migration in vertebrate embryos, neural crest cells are enriched for methylation cycle enzymes, including S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), the only known enzyme to hydrolyze the feedback inhibitor of trans-methylation reactions. The importance of methylation in neural crest migration is unknown. Here, we show that SAHH is required for emigration of polarized neural crest cells, indicating that methylation is essential for neural crest migration. Although nuclear histone methylation regulates neural crest gene expression, SAHH and lysine-methylated proteins are abundant in the cytoplasm of migratory neural crest cells. Proteomic profiling of cytoplasmic, lysine-methylated proteins from migratory neural crest cells identified 182 proteins, several of which are cytoskeleton related. A methylation-resistant form of one of these proteins, the actin-binding protein elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (EF1α1), blocks neural crest migration. Altogether, these data reveal a novel and essential role for post-translational nonhistone protein methylation during neural crest migration and define a previously unknown requirement for EF1α1 methylation in migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Vermillion
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | | | | |
Collapse
|