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Abd Malek K. Silent struggles: Parkinson's disease with multiple system atrophy. Malays Fam Physician 2024; 19:14. [PMID: 38623416 PMCID: PMC11016458 DOI: 10.51866/mol.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Khasnur Abd Malek
- MBChB, MFamMed, FRACGP, Primary Care Medicine Department, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ab Hamid MR, Buhari SS, Noor HM, Azizan N‘A, Malek KA, Mohd Asmawi UM, Nor NM. Development and validation of D-PATH website to improve hypertension management among hypertensive patients in Malaysia. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241242661. [PMID: 38596405 PMCID: PMC11003341 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241242661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed at developing and validating a web application on hypertension management called the D-PATH website. Methods The website development involved three stages: content analysis, web development, and validation. The model of Internet Intervention was used to guide the development of the website, in addition to other learning and multimedia theories. The content was developed based on literature reviews and clinical guidelines on hypertension. Then, thirteen experts evaluated the website using Fuzzy Delphi Technique. Results The website was successfully developed and contains six learning units. Thirteen experts rated the website based on content themes, presentation, interactivity, and instructional strategies. All experts reached a consensus that the web is acceptable to be used for nutrition education intervention. Conclusion D-PATH is a valid web-based educational tool ready to be used to help disseminate information on dietary and physical activity to manage hypertension. This web application was suitable for sharing information on dietary and physical activity recommendations for hypertension patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ramadan Ab Hamid
- Integrated Nutrition Science and Therapy Research Group (INSPiRE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Sabariah Buhari
- Integrated Nutrition Science and Therapy Research Group (INSPiRE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Harrinni Md Noor
- Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul ‘Ain Azizan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Norazmir Md Nor
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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Basil Peter A, Lohshini Kanoo L, Abd Malek K, Mohd Razalli M. Case of a giant urinary bladder diverticulum in an elderly man with neurogenic bladder. Aust J Gen Pract 2023; 52:701-703. [PMID: 37788689 DOI: 10.31128/ajgp-08-22-6545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Basil Peter
- MBBS, MRad, Senior Medical Lecturer and Consultant Clinical Radiologist, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lina Lohshini Kanoo
- MBBS, MAFP, FRACGP, Medical Lecturer and Family Medicine Specialist, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- MBBS, MFamMed, FRACGP, Senior Medical Lecturer and Consultant Family Medicine Specialist, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mazuin Mohd Razalli
- MBChB, MMed(Rad), Senior Medical Lecturer and Consultant Clinical Radiologist, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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Eapen V, Karlov L, John JR, Beneytez C, Grimes PZ, Kang YQ, Mardare I, Minca DG, Voicu L, Malek KA, Ramkumar A, Stefanik K, Gyori M, Volgyesi-Molnar M. Quality of life in parents of autistic children: A transcultural perspective. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1022094. [PMID: 36910746 PMCID: PMC9996029 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1022094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The concepts of health, illness, and disability as well as the perceptions of autism and quality of life (QoL) vary greatly across cultures and across time. This study sought to explore the interplay of culture on QoL and impact on parents caring for autistic children. Methods We used a transcultural dataset from seven countries (Australia, Hungary, Malaysia, Romania, Singapore, Spain, and the United Kingdom) with participating parents/carers reporting on the Quality of Life in Autism (QoLA) questionnaire. The QoLA questionnaire is a validated measure of QoL for parents of autistic children, with Part A subscale measuring parental QoL and part B subscale assessing the parental impact of the child's autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms or features. We used the Quade's ranked analysis of covariance to determine significant differences between the countries in relation to QoLA Part A and Part B scores while adjusting for baseline differences using covariates such as parents' gender, child's age, and gender. Additionally, a post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction was also conducted to examine multiple pairwise comparisons. Results and conclusion We found that while the effect of features of ASD (Part B subscale) stayed strongly comparable between cultures, the self-reported parental QoL was most likely determined by different aspects of culture in different countries. It is concluded that while the ASD symptoms or features appear to affect parents in the same way across different countries, the parental QoL may be a culturally informed construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valsamma Eapen
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Karlov
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Rufus John
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carmen Beneytez
- Equipo Especifico Alteraciones Graves del Desarrollo, Consejería de Educación de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Poppy Z. Grimes
- Swalcliffe Park School CIO, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Qi Kang
- Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute (KTP-NUCMI), National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ileana Mardare
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana Galieta Minca
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Voicu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Aishworiya Ramkumar
- Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute (KTP-NUCMI), National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Krisztina Stefanik
- Institute of Special Needs Education for People with Atypical Behavior and Cognition, ELTE University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
- HAS-ELTE ‘Autism in Education’ Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklos Gyori
- HAS-ELTE ‘Autism in Education’ Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for the Psychology of Special Needs, ELTE University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marta Volgyesi-Molnar
- HAS-ELTE ‘Autism in Education’ Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for the Psychology of Special Needs, ELTE University, Budapest, Hungary
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Hamid NC, Malek KA, Mat-Nasir N, Mohamad M, Nasir NM. Prevalence of Good Condom Usage and Its Association with Condom Use Self-Efficacy among Youth Attending HIV/STDs Clinics in Primary-Care Settings in Malaysia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191912179. [PMID: 36231478 PMCID: PMC9565083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The low prevalence of condom usage among youth with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Sexually Transmitted Diseases (HIV/STDs) is a concern. Condom use self-efficacy has been identified as a significant predictor of condom usage. This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence of good condom usage and its association with condom use self-efficacy among Malaysian urban youth, aged between 18 to 24 years old attending HIV/STDs clinics in primary-care settings, Selangor. Utilising the Harmonised Malay version of Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale (CUSES M-H) questionnaire, the data from 218 responders were analysed using univariate and multiple logistic regression. The prevalence of good condom usage was 61% (95% CI: 54%, 68%). The average mean score of condom use self-efficacy was 3.07. Condom use self-efficacy was divided into four subscales of mechanics, perceived barriers, assertiveness and intoxicants. The assertiveness subscale had the highest average mean score of 3.42, while the intoxicant subscale score had the lowest average mean score of 2.24. Good condom usage was significantly associated with condom use during first sexual intercourse (aOR = 5.81, 95% CI: 1.97, 17.14), duration diagnosis of HIV/STDs of more than 12 months (aOR = 6.40, 95% CI: 2.30, 17.86) and the high assertiveness subscale score (aOR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.36). A behavioural change campaign that targets high-risk youth in primary care settings could promote condom use self-efficacy particularly assertiveness to increase condom usage among the youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbainun Che Hamid
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Nafiza Mat-Nasir
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Mariam Mohamad
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Nik Munirah Nasir
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
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Hamid NC, Malek KA, Nasir NM, Nasir NM. Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia with a Normal Early Chest Radiography and Complicated with Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report. Am J Case Rep 2022; 23:e936278. [PMID: 35879878 PMCID: PMC9339255 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.936278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Norbainun Che Hamid
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nafiza Mat Nasir
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Munirah Nasir
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mohd Nasir MZ, Malek KA, Isa MR, Hamdan MF, Abdul Kadir RF, Ahmad F, Wan Adib WF. Association between elevated carotid intima-media thickness and serum uric acid levels among patients with essential hypertension in primary care setting in Sungai Buloh, Malaysia. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14445. [PMID: 34105862 PMCID: PMC8459283 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Our study aimed to investigate the association between elevated carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels in hypertensive patients attending primary care clinics in Sungai Buloh, Malaysia. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 140 hypertensive patients attending outpatient follow-up in two primary care clinics in Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, using a convenient sampling method. SUA levels were measured and divided into four quartiles. Two radiologist specialists performed B mode ultrasonography to assess the thickness of the right and left carotid intima media in all participants. RESULTS Participants' mean SUA level was 355.75 ± 0.13. Their mean age was 53.44 (± 9.90), with a blood pressure control of 137.09 ± 13.22/81.89 ± 8.95. Elevated CIMT taken at ≥75th percentile was 0.666 for the left and 0.633 for the right common carotid arteries. By using a hierarchical method of multiple logistic regression, compared with the first quartile of the SUA level as reference group, the odd of elevated CIMT in quartile 4 in the common carotid artery was (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 0.64-6.27, P = .576) for the right and (OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.20-2.00, P = .594) for the left. Waist circumference (P = .001), body mass index (P = .013), triglycerides (P < .001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .001) were significantly associated with the SUA quartiles. CONCLUSION Although there was an increasing trend in the odd of elevated right CIMT across the SUA quartiles, this association, however, was not significant. Preventive effort to tackle the clustering effect of metabolic markers within this study population is needed to reduce the future risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Zulhilmie Mohd Nasir
- Department of Primary Care MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM)SelangorMalaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM)SelangorMalaysia
| | - Mohamad Rodi Isa
- Department Public Health MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM)SelangorMalaysia
| | - Mohd Farhan Hamdan
- Department of RadiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM)SelangorMalaysia
| | | | - Fauziah Ahmad
- Sungai Buloh Health ClinicMinistry of HealthSelangorMalaysia
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Md-ya M, Ismail IA, Malek KA, Yusoff K, Bulgiba A. Towards Precision Health in Weight Reduction: Thematic Content Analysis of an Open-Ended Survey on Reasons Why Morbidly Obese Patients Want to Lose Weight.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-42745/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Addressing individuals’ motivation to lose weight among patients with morbid obesity is an essential entity in weight reduction. Failures to shift motivation into weight loss actions are common. These could be contributed by the inadequacy to identify and subsequently address the key reasons, that are of particular concern to the patient' individual needs. We aimed to understand the motivations better and identify the reasons why morbidly obese patients attending hospital-based weight management programmes (WMP) wanted to lose weight. Methods: The study used a qualitative approach to analyze part of a quantitative questionnaire of a more extensive study to understand factors influencing weight loss among morbidly obese patients. We used thematic content analysis to analyze responses from a self-administered open-ended question "What is the main factor why you want to lose your weight?”. A total of 225 new patients attending obesity clinics in two tertiary hospitals responded to the questionnaire. Results: Patients’ mean BMI was 45.6±8.05 kg/m2. Four themes emerged for the reasons why morbidly obese patients wanted to lose weight. Health was the most commonly inferred theme (84%). Patients were concerned about the impact obesity had on their health. Overcoming obesity was seen as a reward not just for physical health, but also for their psychological wellbeing. Patients regard being functional to care for themselves, their family members, as well as their religious and career needs as the next most crucial theme (25.8%). Patients raised the theme appearance (12.9%), especially with regards to wanting to look and feel beautiful. The last theme was perceived stigmatization for being morbidly obese as they were mocked and laughed at for their appearance (3.1%).Conclusion: Patients with morbid obesity in this study had expressed their main personal motivational reasons to lose weight. Concerns about the impact of morbid obesity on health, physical, social and obligatory function, appearance and perceived stigma warrant detailed exploration by the managing health professionals. Identifying and addressing these unique personal motivations in a focused approach is vital at the beginning and throughout a weight reduction program in this unique group.
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Nasir MZM, Malek KA, Isa MR, Hamdan MF, Kadir RFA, Ahmad F, Adib WFW. The Association between Elevated Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) and Serum Uric Acid Levels among Patients with Essential Hypertension in Primary Care Setting.. [DOI: 10.22541/au.159480560.05382076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Abd Malek K, Ismail IA. Suspected Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in an Adult: An Uncommon but Important Infectious Disease. JCHS 2020; 5:79. [DOI: 10.24191/jchs.v5i1.9824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an uncommon infection to be diagnosed in adults. We present a case of a 32-year-old immunocompetent man with HFMD. This case report highlights the importance of identifying a common childhood disease that could occur in an adult. Recognition is important for possible role in notification, especially for outbreak prevention and to consider potential differential diagnoses. The management and diseaseprevention measures in a working adult in Malaysia and the shortfalls identified in management guidelines are discussed.
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Ahmad Tajuddin NAN, Suhaimi J, Ramdzan SN, Malek KA, Ismail IA, Shamsuddin NH, Abu Bakar AI, Othman S. Why women chose unassisted home birth in Malaysia: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:309. [PMID: 32429857 PMCID: PMC7238584 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-02987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidences of unassisted home birthing practices have been increasing in Malaysia despite the accessibility to safe and affordable child birthing facilities. We aimed to explore the reasons for women to make such decisions. METHODS Twelve women participated in in-depth interviews. They were recruited using a snowballing approach. The interviews were supported by a topic guide which was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and previous literature. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Women in this study described a range of birthing experiences and personal beliefs as to why they chose unassisted home birth. Four themes emerged from the interviews; i) preferred birthing experience, ii) birth is a natural process, iii) expressing autonomy and iv) faith. Such decision to birth at home unassisted was firm and steadfast despite the possible risks and complications that can occur. Giving birth is perceived to occur naturally regardless of assistance, and unassisted home birth provides the preferred environment which health facilities in Malaysia may lack. They believed that they were in control of the birth processes apart from fulfilling the spiritual beliefs. CONCLUSIONS Women may choose unassisted home birth to express their personal views and values, at the expense of the health risks. Apart from increasing mothers' awareness of the possible complications arising from unassisted home births, urgent efforts are needed to provide better birth experiences in healthcare facilities that resonate with the mothers' beliefs and values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Suhaimi
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurkamilla Ramdzan
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ilham Ameera Ismail
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurainul Hana Shamsuddin
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Ihsan Abu Bakar
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sajaratulnisah Othman
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tajuddin NA@NA, Suhaimi J, Ramdzan SN, Malek KA, Ismail IA, Shamsuddin NH, Bakar AIA, Othman S. Why women chose unassisted home birth in Malaysia: A qualitative study.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.16973/v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Incidences of unassisted home birthing practices have been increasing in Malaysia despite the accessibility to safe and affordable child birthing facilities. We aimed to explore the reasons for women to make such decisions. Methods: Twelve women participated in in-depth interviews. They were recruited using a snowballing approach. The interviews were supported by a topic guide which was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and previous literature. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Women in this study described a range of birthing experiences and personal beliefs as to why they chose unassisted home birth. Four themes emerged from the interviews; i) preferred birthing experience, ii) birth is a natural process, iii) expressing autonomy and iv) faith. Such decision to birth at home unassisted was firm and steadfast despite the possible risks and complications that can occur. Giving birth is perceived to occur naturally regardless of assistance, and unassisted home birth provides the preferred environment which health facilities in Malaysia may lack. They believed that they were in control of the birth processes apart from fulfilling the spiritual beliefs.Conclusions: Women may choose unassisted home birth to express their personal views and values, at the expense of the health risks. Apart from increasing mothers' awareness of the possible complications arising from unassisted home births, urgent efforts are needed to provide better birth experiences in healthcare facilities that resonate with the mothers’ beliefs and values.
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Nasir MZM, Peter AB, Azraai AM, Malek KA. Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in a Neglected Goiter: A Case Report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2020.4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Periodical clinical surveillance for early thyroid cancer detection among patients with diffuse goiter is a common scenario managed in the primary care setting. However, clinical palpation alone is neither sensitive nor specific in detecting the presence of nodules within a goiter. Hence, further investigation with ultrasound is key to effective surveillance for early detection of thyroid cancer.
CASE REPORT: We present a case of a stable diffuse goiter in a 51-year-old woman diagnosed 30 years ago who refused further imaging investigation. Based solely on clinical palpation, the presence of nodules within the goiter was missed. This resulted in transformation into papillary thyroid carcinoma with lung metastases. She presented with progressive hoarseness of voice and cough for 3 months. An ultrasound of the thyroid gland revealed a large heterogeneous nodule in the left lower pole with coarse calcification and internal vascularity. Further imaging with contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the neck and thorax revealed an enhancing nodule in the left thyroid lobe which extends inferiorly to the left retroclavicular region which compresses the trachea causing narrowing of its lumen at T1 and T2 vertebral levels. There were multiple lung nodules in both lungs suggestive of metastases.
CONCLUSION: A total thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine thyroid ablation therapy was performed. The histopathological examination revealed the surgical specimen to be papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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Tajuddin NA@NA, Suhaimi J, Ramdzan SN, Malek KA, Ismail IA, Shamsuddin NH, Bakar AIA, Othman S. Why women chose unassisted home birth in Malaysia: A qualitative study.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.16973/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Incidences of unassisted home birthing practices have been increasing in Malaysia despite the accessibility to safe and affordable child birthing facilities. We aimed to explore the reasons for women to make such decisions. Methods: Twelve women participated in in-depth interviews. They were recruited using a snowballing approach. The interviews were supported by a topic guide which was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and previous literatures. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Women in this study described a range of birthing experiences and personal beliefs as to why they chose unassisted home birth. Four themes emerged from the interviews; i) preferred birthing experience, ii) birth is a natural process, iii) expressing autonomy and iv) faith. Such decision to birth at home unassisted was firm and strong despite the possible risks and complications that can occur. Giving birth is perceived to occur naturally regardless of assistance, and unassisted home birth provides the preferred environment which health facilities in Malaysia may lack. They believed that they were in control of the birth processes apart from fulfilling the spiritual beliefs. Conclusions: Women may choose unassisted home birth to express their personal beliefs and values, at the expense of the health risks. Apart from increasing mothers’ awareness of the possible complications arising from unassisted home births, urgent efforts are needed to provide better birth experiences in healthcare facilities that resonate with the mothers’ beliefs and values.
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Paul SW, Malek KA, Peter AB, Sidek S. Disseminated Melioidosis Presenting with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Presentation Not to be Missed – A Case Report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2020.4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Melioidosis commonly presents with pneumonia and is associated with a high mortality rate. This case report discussed a case of confirmed disseminated melioidosis. The case focused on the chronological clinical progressions of melioidosis which initially masqueraded as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and subsequently developed into septicemia. This case report aims to create awareness among the primary care doctors working in a potentially endemic area for melioidosis to be vigilant of its non-specific presentation.
CASE REPORT: We report a case of an 80-year-old man who was treated for CAP and presented with unresolved fever and subsequently sepsis. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed disseminated lesions of varying sizes in the lungs, liver, spleen, and blood cultures grew Burkholderia pseudomallei. A pigtail drainage catheter was inserted into the liver abscess. In addition, the patient received a 46-day course of intravenous ceftazidime and a 4-month maintenance regime of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and oral doxycycline.
CONCLUSION: Completion of antimicrobial treatment resulted in resolution of clinical signs and abscesses on imaging.
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Asahar SF, Malek KA, Zohdi WNWM, Peter AB. Chronic Back Pain in a Young Female Patient: A Case of Ependymoma Originating from the Conus Medullaris. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 41:68-72. [PMID: 31902199 PMCID: PMC6987024 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.18.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 14-year-old Malay girl with an ependymoma of the conus medullaris who presented to multiple general practitioner clinics with a 24-month history of chronic low back pain. The pain was symptomatically managed as a simple musculoskeletal pain and sciatica. Further imaging to aid diagnosis was delayed until the appearance of severe pain with neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhancing spinal mass at L1 through L3, and histopathological investigations confirmed the grade II ependymoma according to the World Health Organization classification. She underwent gross resection of the tumor. After the surgery, she developed neurogenic urinary bladder and bowel, which required intermittent self-catheterization, intermittent enema use, and intensive physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Fairus Asahar
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selayang, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selayang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Najwa Wan Mohd Zohdi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selayang, Malaysia
| | - Alan Basil Peter
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selayang, Malaysia
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Malek KA, Abdul-Razak S, Abu Hassan H, Othman S. Managing adolescent pregnancy: The unique roles and challenges of private general practitioners in Malaysia. Malays Fam Physician 2019; 14:37-45. [PMID: 32175039 PMCID: PMC7067509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Managing adolescent pregnancy in the primary care setting is complex, as it requires doctors to navigate through a combination of medical, social, financial and legal needs. Objective: This study explores the perspectives of private general practitioners on their roles and challenges in managing adolescent pregnancy in Malaysia. METHODS Nineteen private general practitioners in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur participated in in-depth interviews in 2015. A topic guide was used for interview navigation. Participants were asked to discuss their experiences and approaches in managing pregnant adolescents. We used purposive sampling to recruit consenting private general practitioners who had experience in managing adolescent pregnancy. The verbatim transcripts of the audio-recorded interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Data reached saturation at the nineteenth in-depth interview. Results: Two themes emerged. Under the theme 'inadvertent advocator,' participants described their tasks with regards to building trust, calming angry parents and delivering comprehensive counseling and care related to the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents, including requests for abortions. Theme two, 'challenges of private general practitioners,' refers mainly to personal and religious conflicts arising from a request for an abortion and deficiencies in support and multidisciplinary integration within their practice settings. CONCLUSION General practitioners practicing in the private sector identify themselves as active players in supporting pregnant adolescents but face many challenges arising from the personal, religious, professional and community levels. Addressing these challenges is important for optimal care delivery to pregnant adolescents in this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Malek
- MFamMed, FRACGP, MBChB Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia
| | - S Abdul-Razak
- MFamMed, MBChB Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Malaysia
| | - H Abu Hassan
- MMed Fam Med (UKM), MBBS (Malaya) National Defence University Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Othman
- PHD, MFamMed, MBBS University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Abd Malek K. Effect of an incremental workplace exercise program on women's fitness. http://isrctn.com/ 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/isrctn19404478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Zulhilmie Mohd Nasir
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khasnur Abd Malek
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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Reiaz S, Mcharek I, Shabbir R, Lim HC, Talukder D, Udasi R, Malek MF, Malek KA. CalorieKiller: Burning Calories using Mobile Exergame with Wearables. 2019 IEEE 7th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH) 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/segah.2019.8882453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Malek KA, Kamal WW. Hypopigmented patches in an 8-year-old boy. Malays Fam Physician 2018; 13:49-51. [PMID: 29796212 PMCID: PMC5962236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K A Malek
- MBChB, MFamMed (UM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selayang Campus Selangor, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - W W Kamal
- MRCP (UK), Adv. M Derm (UKM) Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor Malaysia. E-mail:
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