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Nezhad NN, Parnow A, Khamoushian K, Eslami R, Baker JS. Resistance training modifies of serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases in multiple sclerosis women - a randomized controlled trail. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:13. [PMID: 38438999 PMCID: PMC10910672 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) on serum levels of controlling blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability indices and cognitive performance in MS women (MS-W). In this randomized control trail study (IRCT registration code: IRCT20120912010824N3, 07.09.2023), twenty-five MS-W were randomly divided into sedentary (MS) and resistance exercise (12 weeks/3 times per week/ 60-80% of 1RM) (MS + RT) groups. Fifteen healthy aged-matched women participated as a control group (HCON). The serum level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors-1 (TIMP-1), tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors-2 (TIMP-2), and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) were assessed. In addition, cognitive performance was assessed pre- and post- intervention with the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). A significant reduction in MMP-2, TIMP-2 serum levels, and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio were observed in post-test for MS + RT group (p < 0.01) in comparison to the HCON and MS groups; however, no changes were observed in MMP-9, TIMP-1, S100B and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio after RT (p > 0.05). The verbal learning was improved in post-test for MS + RT group (p < 0.01), although no change were observed for visuospatial memory and information processing speed (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that resistance training can modify some indices of BBB permeability and improve verbal learning in MS-W. The findings may also be beneficial as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Niazi Nezhad
- Sport Bio-Sciences Department, Physical Education and Sports Sciences Faculty, Razi University, University Street, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Parnow
- Sport Bio-Sciences Department, Physical Education and Sports Sciences Faculty, Razi University, University Street, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Kianoosh Khamoushian
- Department of Neurology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rasoul Eslami
- Exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Julien S Baker
- Institute for Population Health and Medical Informatics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Razazian N, Sahraian MA, Rezaei M, Eskandarieh S, Khamoushian K, Mousavi SE, Fakhri N. Comparison of side effects of the dose-1 of AstraZeneca and Sinopharm vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis in Kermanshah, Iran (2021). Curr J Neurol 2023; 22:8-15. [PMID: 38011394 PMCID: PMC10444592 DOI: 10.18502/cjn.v22i1.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is recommended for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluated the side effects of Sinopharm and AstraZeneca vaccines in MS patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study among MS patients in Kermanshah province, Iran, who received Sinopharm or AstraZeneca vaccine, sampling was performed through convenience sampling according to the nationwide MS registry of Iran (NMSRI). Demographic and clinical information of the participants and data on the side effects of vaccines were collected by telephone after the first dose. The data were analyzed in SPSS software. Results: 264 vaccinated MS patients (217 with Sinopharm and 47 with AstraZeneca) were studied. In the Sinopharm and AstraZeneca groups, respectively, 58.5% and 73.3% of patients had side effects that were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P = 0.064). In the AstraZeneca group, the severity of side effects and prevalence of taking painkillers were significantly higher (P < 0.050) and the interval between vaccination and side effects onset was significantly shorter (P = 0.013). The most commonly experienced side effects in the Sinopharm group were fatigue (29.0%), myalgia (24.9%), fever (24.0%), and headache (21.7%), and in the AstraZeneca group were fever (59.6%), chills (51.1%), myalgia (40.4%), and fatigue (34.0%). Logistic regression by controlling for confounding variables showed that considering some factors as confounding factors did not show a significant difference between the 2 vaccines in the experience of side effects (P = 0.104). Conclusion: The AstraZeneca vaccine caused more severe side effects in MS patients than the Sinopharm vaccine. Most of the side effects were moderate in severity and transient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Razazian
- Department of Neurology, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahraian
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sharareh Eskandarieh
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kianoosh Khamoushian
- Clinic of Multiple Sclerosis, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyede Elham Mousavi
- Department of Neurology, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negin Fakhri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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