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Suzuki N, Sato M, Nassar HF, Abdel-Gawad FK, Bassem SM, Yachiguchi K, Tabuchi Y, Endo M, Sekiguchi T, Urata M, Hattori A, Mishima H, Shimasaki Y, Oshima Y, Hong CS, Makino F, Tang N, Toriba A, Hayakawa K. Seawater Polluted with Highly Concentrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Suppresses Osteoblastic Activity in the Scales of Goldfish, Carassius auratus. Zoolog Sci 2017; 33:407-13. [PMID: 27498800 DOI: 10.2108/zs150211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an original in vitro bioassay using teleost scale, that has osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and bone matrix as each marker: alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for osteoblasts and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) for osteoclasts. Using this scale in vitro bioassay, we examined the effects of seawater polluted with highly concentrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) on osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in the present study. Polluted seawater was collected from two sites (the Alexandria site on the Mediterranean Sea and the Suez Canal site on the Red Sea). Total levels of PAHs in the seawater from the Alexandria and Suez Canal sites were 1364.59 and 992.56 ng/l, respectively. We were able to detect NPAHs in both seawater samples. Total levels of NPAHs were detected in the seawater of the Alexandria site (12.749 ng/l) and the Suez Canal site (3.914 ng/l). Each sample of polluted seawater was added to culture medium at dilution rates of 50, 100, and 500, and incubated with the goldfish scales for 6 hrs. Thereafter, ALP and TRAP activities were measured. ALP activity was significantly suppressed by both polluted seawater samples diluted at least 500 times, but TRAP activity did not change. In addition, mRNA expressions of osteoblastic markers (ALP, osteocalcin, and the receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand) decreased significantly, as did the ALP enzyme activity. In fact, ALP activity decreased on treatment with PAHs and NPAHs. We conclude that seawater polluted with highly concentrated PAHs and NPAHs influences bone metabolism in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Suzuki
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Hossam F Nassar
- 2 Environmental Research Division, Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12621, Egypt
| | - Fagr Kh Abdel-Gawad
- 2 Environmental Research Division, Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12621, Egypt
| | - Samah M Bassem
- 2 Environmental Research Division, Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12621, Egypt
| | - Koji Yachiguchi
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- 3 Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masato Endo
- 4 Department of Marine Biosciences, Division of Marine Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Makoto Urata
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan.,5 Institute of Noto SATOUMI Education and Studies, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- 6 Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0827, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- 7 Department of Medical Hygiene, Kochi Gakuen College, Kochi 780-0955, Japan
| | - Youhei Shimasaki
- 8 Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yuji Oshima
- 8 Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Chun-Sang Hong
- 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-myeon, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17035, Korea
| | - Fumiya Makino
- 10 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ning Tang
- 10 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Toriba
- 10 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Hayakawa
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan.,10 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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2
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Sato M, Hanmoto T, Yachiguchi K, Tabuchi Y, Kondo T, Endo M, Kitani Y, Sekiguchi T, Urata M, Hai TN, Srivastav AK, Mishima H, Hattori A, Suzuki N. Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 189:54-60. [PMID: 27475026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on calcium metabolism was examined in goldfish (fresh water teleost). At 2days after administration of NaF (500ng/g body weight; 5μg/g body weight) (around 10(-5) to 10(-4)M in goldfish), we indicated that plasma calcium levels upregulated in both doses of NaF-treated goldfish. To examine the mechanism of hypercalcemia by NaF treatments, therefore, direct effects of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in goldfish were investigated by an original assay system using teleost scale which has osteoblasts, osteoclasts and bone matrix. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the scales increased with the treatment of NaF (10(-6) and 10(-5)M) during 6h of incubation. Also, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity increased after exposure to NaF (10(-5)M) at the 6h of incubation. To investigate the osteoclastic activation, the mRNA expression of osteoclastogenesis related factors were examined. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) which is known as a factor for osteoclastogenesis, increased in the NaF-treated scales after 6h of incubation. The ratio of RANKL/osteoprotegerin (osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor) significantly increased after 6h of incubation. Resulting from the increase of RANKL mRNA level, the expression of transcription-regulating factors was significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression of functional genes, cathepsin K and matrix metalloproteinase-9 mRNA, was significantly increased. In our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the effects of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in teleosts. We concluded that NaF influences calcium metabolism via osteoclastic activation in goldfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Sato
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Taizo Hanmoto
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Koji Yachiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masato Endo
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kitani
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Makoto Urata
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan; Institute of Noto SATOUMI Education and Studies, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Tran Ngoc Hai
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Ajai K Srivastav
- Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273-009, India
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- Department of Medical Hygiene, Kochi Gakuen College, Kochi 780-0955, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan.
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3
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Suzuki N, Ogiso S, Yachiguchi K, Kawabe K, Makino F, Toriba A, Kiyomoto M, Sekiguchi T, Tabuchi Y, Kondo T, Kitamura KI, Hong CS, Srivastav AK, Oshima Y, Hattori A, Hayakawa K. Monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons influence spicule formation in the early development of sea urchins (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 171:55-60. [PMID: 25737366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OHPAHs), which are metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), act on calcified tissue and suppress osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in the scales of teleost fish. The compounds may possibly influence other calcified tissues. Thus, the present study noted the calcified spicules in sea urchins and examined the effect of both PAHs and OHPAHs on spicule formation during the embryogenesis of sea urchins. After fertilization, benz[a]anthracene (BaA) and 4-hydroxybenz[a]anthracene (4-OHBaA) were added to seawater at concentrations of 10(-8) and 10(-7) M and kept at 18 °C. The influence of the compound was given at the time of the pluteus larva. At this stage, the length of the spicule was significantly suppressed by 4-OHBaA (10(-8) and 10(-7) M). BaA (10(-7) M) decreased the length of the spicule significantly, while the length did not change with BaA (10(-8) M). The expression of mRNAs (spicule matrix protein and transcription factors) in the 4-OHBaA (10(-7) M)-treated embryos was more strongly inhibited than were those in the BaA (10(-7) M)-treated embryos. This is the first study to demonstrate that OHPAHs suppress spicule formation in sea urchins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan.
| | - Shouzo Ogiso
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Koji Yachiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Kimi Kawabe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Fumiya Makino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Toriba
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masato Kiyomoto
- Marine and Coastal Research Center, Ochanomizu University, Tateyama, Chiba 294-0301, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kei-ichiro Kitamura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Chun-Sang Hong
- Research and Business Foundation, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81, Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-myeon, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 449-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajai K Srivastav
- Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273-009, India
| | - Yuji Oshima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0827, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Hayakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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Yachiguchi K, Sekiguchi T, Nakano M, Hattori A, Yamamoto M, Kitamura KI, Maeda M, Tabuchi Y, Kondo T, Kamauchi H, Nakabayashi H, Srivastav AK, Hayakawa K, Sakamoto T, Suzuki N. Effects of inorganic mercury and methylmercury on osteoclasts and osteoblasts in the scales of the marine teleost as a model system of bone. Zoolog Sci 2014; 31:330-7. [PMID: 24832906 DOI: 10.2108/zs130265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of inorganic mercury (InHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) on bone metabolism in a marine teleost, the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as indicators of such activity in osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively, were examined in scales of nibbler fish (Girella punctata). We found several lines of scales with nearly the same TRAP and ALP activity levels. Using these scales, we evaluated the influence of InHg and MeHg. TRAP activity in the scales treated with InHg (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) and MeHg (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) during 6 hrs of incubation decreased significantly. In contrast, ALP activity decreased after exposure to InHg (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) and MeHg (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) for 18 and 36 hrs, although its activity did not change after 6 hrs of incubation. As in enzyme activity 6 hrs after incubation, mRNA expression of TRAP (osteoclastic marker) decreased significantly with InHg and MeHg treatment, while that of collagen (osteoblastic marker) did not change significantly. At 6 hrs after incubation, the mRNA expression of metallothionein, which is a metal-binding protein in osteoblasts, was significantly increased following treatment with InHg or MeHg, suggesting that it may be involved in the protection of osteoblasts against mercury exposure up to 6 hrs after incubation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the effects of mercury on osteoclasts and osteoblasts using marine teleost scale as a model system of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yachiguchi
- 1 Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
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5
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Yachiguchi K, Matsumoto N, Haga Y, Suzuki M, Matsumura C, Tsurukawa M, Okuno T, Nakano T, Kawabe K, Kitamura KI, Toriba A, Hayakawa K, Chowdhury VS, Endo M, Chiba A, Sekiguchi T, Nakano M, Tabuchi Y, Kondo T, Wada S, Mishima H, Hattori A, Suzuki N. Polychlorinated biphenyl (118) activates osteoclasts and induces bone resorption in goldfish. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:6365-72. [PMID: 23247518 PMCID: PMC4021165 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To analyze the effect of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 118 on fish bone metabolism, we examined osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities, as well as plasma calcium levels, in the scales of PCB (118)-injected goldfish. In addition, effect of PCB (118) on osteoclasts and osteoblasts was investigated in vitro. Immature goldfish, in which the endogenous effects of sex steroids are negligible, were used. PCB (118) was solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 10 ppm. At 1 and 2 days after PCB (118) injection (100 ng/g body weight), both osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities, and plasma calcium levels were measured. In an in vitro study, then, both osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities as well as each marker mRNA expression were examined. At 2 days, scale osteoclastic activity in PCB (118)-injected goldfish increased significantly, while osteoblastic activity did not change significantly. Corresponding to osteoclastic activity, plasma calcium levels increased significantly at 2 days after PCB (118) administration. Osteoclastic activation also occurred in the marker enzyme activities and mRNA expressions in vitro. Thus, we conclude that PCB (118) disrupts bone metabolism in goldfish both in vivo and in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yachiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553 Japan
| | - Noriko Matsumoto
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553 Japan
| | - Yuki Haga
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037 Japan
| | - Motoharu Suzuki
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037 Japan
| | - Chisato Matsumura
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037 Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsurukawa
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037 Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okuno
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037 Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037 Japan
| | - Kimi Kawabe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Kei-ichiro Kitamura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kodatsuno, Ishikawa 920-0942 Japan
| | - Akira Toriba
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Kazuichi Hayakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Vishwajit S. Chowdhury
- International Education Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Masato Endo
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477 Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Chiba
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, 102-8554 Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553 Japan
| | - Masaki Nakano
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0827 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Shigehito Wada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- Department of Human Life Sciences, Kochi Gakuen College, Kochi, 780-0955 Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0827 Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553 Japan
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Omori K, Wada S, Maruyama Y, Hattori A, Kitamura KI, Sato Y, Nara M, Funahashi H, Yachiguchi K, Hayakawa K, Endo M, Kusakari R, Yano S, Srivastav AK, Kusui T, Ejiri S, Chen W, Tabuchi Y, Furusawa Y, Kondo T, Sasayama Y, Nishiuchi T, Nakano M, Sakamoto T, Suzuki N. Prostaglandin E₂ increases both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in the scales and participates in calcium metabolism in goldfish. Zoolog Sci 2012; 29:499-504. [PMID: 22873807 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.29.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using our original in vitro assay system with goldfish scales, we examined the direct effect of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) on osteoclasts and osteoblasts in teleosts. In this assay system, we measured the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) as respective indicators of each activity in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. ALP activity in scales significantly increased following treatment at high concentration of PGE₂(10⁻⁷ and 10⁻⁶ M) over 6 hrs of incubation. At 18 hrs of incubation, ALP activity also significantly increased in the PGE₂ (10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁶ M)-treated scale. In the case of osteoclasts, TRAP activity tended to increase at 6 hrs of incubation, and then significantly increased at 18 hrs of incubation by PGE₂ (10(-7) to 10⁻⁶ M) treatment. At 18 hrs of incubation, the mRNA expression of osteoclastic markers (TRAP and cathepsin K) and receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand (RANKL), an activating factor of osteoclasts expressed in osteoblasts, increased in PGE₂ treated-scales. Thus, PGE₂ acts on osteoblasts, and then increases the osteoclastic activity in the scales of goldfish as it does in the bone of mammals. In an in vivo experiment, plasma calcium levels and scale TRAP and ALP activities in the PGE₂-injencted goldfish increased significantly. We conclude that, in teleosts, PGE₂ activates both osteoblasts and osteoclasts and participates in calcium metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Omori
- Faculty of Economics, Asia University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8629, Japan
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