1
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Zgouro P, Katsamenis OL, Moschakis T, Eleftheriadis GK, Kyriakidis AS, Chachlioutaki K, Kyriaki Monou P, Ntorkou M, Zacharis CK, Bouropoulos N, Fatouros DG, Karavasili C, Gioumouxouzis CI. A floating 3D printed polypill formulation for the coadministration and sustained release of antihypertensive drugs. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124058. [PMID: 38552754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Polypharmacy is a common issue, especially among elderly patients resulting in administration errors and patient inconvenience. Hypertension is a prevalent health condition that frequently leads to polypharmacy, as its treatment typically requires the co-administration of more than one different Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API's). To address these issues, floating hollow torus-shaped dosage forms were developed, aiming at providing prolonged gastric retention and sustained drug release. The dosage forms (polypills) containing three anti-hypertensive API's (diltiazem (DIL), propranolol (PRP) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)) were created via Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printing. A multitude of the dosage forms were loaded into a capsule and the resulting formulation achieved prolonged retention times over a 12-hour period in vitro, by leveraging both the buoyancy of the dosage forms, and the "cheerios effect" that facilitates the aggregation and retention of the dosage forms via a combination of surface tension and shape of the objects. Physicochemical characterization methods and imaging techniques were employed to investigate the properties and the internal and external structure of the dosage forms. Furthermore, an ex vivo porcine stomach model revealed substantial aggregation, adhesion and retention of the 3D printed dosage forms in porcine stomach. In vitro dissolution testing demonstrated almost complete first-order release of PRP and DIL (93.52 % and 99.9 %, respectively) and partial release of HCTZ (65.22 %) in the 12 h timeframe. Finally, a convolution-based single-stage approach was employed in order to predict the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of the API's of the formulation and the resemblance of their PK behavior with previously reported data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zgouro
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Orestis L Katsamenis
- μ-VIS X-Ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, University Rd, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Thomas Moschakis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios K Eleftheriadis
- Pharmacare Premium Limited, R&D Department, HHF003 Hal Far Industrial Estate, Birzebbugia BBG3000, Malta
| | - Athanasios S Kyriakidis
- Pharmacare Premium Limited, R&D Department, HHF003 Hal Far Industrial Estate, Birzebbugia BBG3000, Malta
| | - Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marianna Ntorkou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Constantinos K Zacharis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science,University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras,Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Karavasili
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos I Gioumouxouzis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Chachlioutaki K, Prazeres PHDM, Scalzo SRA, Bakirtzi P, Afewerki S, Guimaraes PPG, Bouropoulos N, Fatouros DG, Karavasili C. In situ triggered, floating delivery systems of capsaicin for prolonged gastroprotection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 197:114212. [PMID: 38342421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) has been implicated as a gastroprotective agent in the treatment of peptic ulcers. However, its oral administration is hampered by its poor aqueous solubility and caustic effect at high administered doses. To address these limitations, we describe the development of gastric floating, sustained release electrospun films loaded with CAP. The nanofiber films were formulated using the polymers Eudragit RL/RS and sodium bicarbonate (SB) as the effervescent agent. The films were tested for their physicochemical properties, and film buoyancy and in vitro release of CAP were assessed in simulated gastric fluid. The cytocompatibility and anti-inflammatory properties of the films were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Caco-2 cells. The amorphous films showed improved wettability, a short floating lag time (<1 s) and a total floating time of over 24 h accompanied by sustained CAP release for up to 24 h. CAP-loaded films demonstrated biocompatibility with Caco-2 cells and potential cytoprotective effects by attenuating inflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells. The gastric floating electrospun films could serve as a platform for sustained and stomach-specific drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pedro H D M Prazeres
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Sérgio R A Scalzo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Pelagia Bakirtzi
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Pedro P G Guimaraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Nikolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Karavasili
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Ntorkou M, Tsanaktsidou E, Chachlioutaki K, Fatouros DG, Markopoulou CK. In Vitro Permeability Study of Homotaurine Using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection Pre-Column Derivatization Method. Molecules 2023; 28:7086. [PMID: 37894565 PMCID: PMC10609320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Homotaurine (HOM) is considered a promising drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. In the present work, a new high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) (λex. = 340 nm and λem. = 455 nm) method was developed and validated for the study of substance permeability in the central nervous system (CNS). Analysis was performed on a RP-C18 column with a binary gradient elution system consisting of methanol-potassium phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0, 0.02 M) as mobile phase. Samples of homotaurine and histidine (internal standard) were initially derivatized with ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) (0.01 M), N-acetylcysteine (0.01 M) and borate buffer (pH = 10.5; 0.05 M). To ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction, the presence of different nucleophilic reagents, namely (a) 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), (b) N-acetylcysteine (NAC), (c) tiopronin (Thiola), (d) 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) and (e) captopril, was investigated. The method was validated (R2 = 0.9999, intra-day repeatability %RSD < 3.22%, inter-day precision %RSD = 1.83%, limits of detection 5.75 ng/mL and limits of quantification 17.43 ng/mL, recovery of five different concentrations 99.75-101.58%) and successfully applied to investigate the in vitro permeability of homotaurine using Franz diffusion cells. The apparent permeability (Papp) of HOM was compared with that of memantine, which is considered a potential therapeutic drug for various CNSs. Our study demonstrates that homotaurine exhibits superior permeability through the simulated blood-brain barrier compared to memantine, offering promising insights for enhanced drug delivery strategies targeting neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Ntorkou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
| | - Eleni Tsanaktsidou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
| | - Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.); (D.G.F.)
| | - Dimitrios G. Fatouros
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.); (D.G.F.)
| | - Catherine K. Markopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
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Chachlioutaki K, Iordanopoulou A, Bouropoulos N, Meikopoulos T, Gika H, Ritzoulis C, Andreadis D, Karavasili C, Fatouros DG. Pediatric and Geriatric-Friendly Buccal Foams: Enhancing Omeprazole Delivery for Patients Encountering Swallowing Difficulties. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2644-2654. [PMID: 37549845 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Buccal foams containing omeprazole (OME) have been developed as potential drug delivery systems for individuals encountering swallowing difficulties, particularly pediatric and geriatric patients. The buccal foams were formulated from lyophilized aqueous gels of maltodextrin, used as a sweetener, combined with various polymers (alginate, chitosan, gelatin, tragacanth) to fine tune their structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. Consistent with the requirements for efficient drug delivery across buccal epithelium, the foam comprised of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and alginate (HPMC-Alg-OME), exhibited moderate hardness and high mucoadhesion resulting to prolonged residence and increased transport of the active across porcine epithelium. The HPMC-Alg-OME foam induced a 30-fold increase in the drug's apparent permeability across porcine buccal tissue, compared to the drug suspension. The developed buccal foams exhibited excellent stability, as evidenced by the unchanged omeprazole content even after six months of storage under ambient conditions (20 °C and 45% RH). Results indicate that buccal foams of omeprazole may address the stability and ease of administration issues related to oral administration of the drug, particularly for children and elderly patients who have difficulty swallowing solid dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Iordanopoulou
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, Patras, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Patras, Greece
| | - Thomas Meikopoulos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Helen Gika
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Ritzoulis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Andreadis
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Christina Karavasili
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Chachlioutaki K, Gioumouxouzis C, Karavasili C, Fatouros DG. Small patients, big challenges: navigating pediatric drug manipulations to prevent medication errors - a comprehensive review. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1489-1509. [PMID: 37857515 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2273838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medication errors during drug manipulations in pediatric care pose significant challenges to patient safety and optimal medication management. Epidemiological studies have revealed a high prevalenceof medication errors throughout the medication process. Due to the lack of age-appropriate dosage forms, medication manipulation is common in pediatric drug administration. The consequences of these manipulations on drug efficacy and safety could be devastating, highlighting the need for evidence-based guidelines and standardized compounding practices. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on examining medication errors in pediatric care and delving into the manipulation of medicinal products. EXPERT OPINION The observed prevalence of medication errors and manipulations underscores the importance of addressing these issues to enhance patient safety and improve medication outcomes in pediatric care. Overall, the development of age-appropriate formulations and the dissemination of comprehensive clinical guidelines are essential steps toward improving medication safety and minimizing manipulations in pediatric healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Gioumouxouzis
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Karavasili
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Department of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kapourani A, Chachlioutaki K, Andriotis EG, Fatouros DG, Barmpalexis P. Evaluating PAA/PVA thermal crosslinking process during the preparation of in-situ high-drug loading amorphous solid dispersions. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chachlioutaki K, Karavasili C, Mavrokefalou EE, Gioumouxouzis CI, Ritzoulis C, Fatouros DG. Quality control evaluation of paediatric chocolate-based dosage forms: 3D printing vs mold-casting method. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121991. [PMID: 35809833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounding is a core activity in the preparation of patient-specific dosage forms. In the current study we aimed to investigate whether 3D printing could be employed for the preparation of pediatric-friendly personalized dosage forms that fulfil the acceptance criteria specified in the pharmacopoeias for conventional dosage forms. We then compared the 3D printed dosage forms with the same formulations prepared with mold-casting, a method frequently applied during pharmaceutical compounding. The molded dosage forms failed to pass most of the quality control tests, including the mass uniformity and content uniformity tests, as well as dose accuracy, contrary to the 3D printed, which not only passed all tests but also enabled precision overdose adjustment. Hence, 3D printing of chocolate-based dosage forms may effectively serve as an acceptable alternative method to mold casting in compounding patient-specific medication at the point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Christina Karavasili
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Eleftheria-Eleni Mavrokefalou
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Christos I Gioumouxouzis
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Christos Ritzoulis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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Chachlioutaki K, Karavasili C, Adamoudi E, Tsitsos A, Economou V, Beltes C, Bouropoulos N, Katsamenis OL, Doherty R, Bakopoulou A, Fatouros DG. Electrospun Nanofiber Films Suppress Inflammation In Vitro and Eradicate Endodontic Bacterial Infection in an E. faecalis-Infected Ex Vivo Human Tooth Culture Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2096-2110. [PMID: 35427110 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Treatment failure of endodontic infections and their concurrent inflammations is commonly associated with microbial persistence and reinfection, also stemming from the anatomical restrictions of the root canal system. Aiming to address the shortcomings of current treatment options, a fast-disintegrating nanofibrous film was developed for the intracanal coadministration of an antimicrobial (ZnO nanoparticles) and an anti-inflammatory (ketoprofen) agent. The electrospun films were fabricated based on polymers that dissolve rapidly to constitute the actives readily available at the site of action, aiming to eliminate both microbial infection and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory potency of the nanofiber films was assessed in an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells after confirming their biocompatibility in the same cell line. The nanofiber films were found effective against Enterococcus faecalis, one of the most prominent pathogens inside the root canal space, both in vitro and ex vivo using a human tooth model experimentally infected with E. faecalis. The physical properties and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potency of the proposed electrospun nanofiber films constitute a promising therapeutic module in the endodontic therapy of nonvital infected teeth. All manuscripts must be accompanied by an abstract. The abstract should briefly state the problem or purpose of the research, indicate the theoretical or experimental plan used, summarize the principal findings, and point out major conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Christina Karavasili
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Elisavet Adamoudi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Anestis Tsitsos
- Laboratory of Hygiene of Foods of Animal Origin─Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Vangelis Economou
- Laboratory of Hygiene of Foods of Animal Origin─Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Charis Beltes
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, Rio 26504, Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Orestis L Katsamenis
- μ-VIS X-ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Regan Doherty
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
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Kapourani A, Andriotis EG, Chachlioutaki K, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Klonos PA, Kyritsis A, Pavlidou E, Bikiaris DN, Fatouros DG, Barmpalexis P. High-Drug-Loading Amorphous Solid Dispersions via In Situ Thermal Cross-Linking: Unraveling the Mechanisms of Stabilization. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4393-4414. [PMID: 34699238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This article takes a step forward in understanding the mechanisms involved during the preparation and performance of cross-linked high-drug-loading (HDL) amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Specifically, ASDs, having 90 wt % poorly water-soluble drug indomethacin (IND), were prepared via in situ thermal cross-linking of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and thoroughly evaluated in terms of physical stability and in vitro supersaturation. Results showed that HDL ASDs having excellent active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) amorphous stability and prolonged in vitro supersaturation were prepared by fine tuning the cross-linking procedure. Unraveling of the processes involved during ASD's formation shed light on the significant role of the cross-linking conditions (i.e., temperature and time), the physicochemical properties of the API, and the hydrolysis level of the cross-linker as key factors in modulating ASD's stability. In-depth analysis of the prepared systems revealed the (1) reduction of API's molecular motions within the cross-linked polymeric networks (through API's strong spatial confinement), (2) the structural changes in the prepared cross-linked matrices (induced by the high API drug loading), and (3) the tuning of the cross-linking density via utilization of low-hydrolyzed PVA as the major mechanisms responsible for ASD's exceptional performance. Complementary analysis by means of molecular dynamics simulations also highlighted the vital role of strong drug-polymer intermolecular interactions evolving among the ASD components. Overall, the impression of the complexity of in situ cross-linked ASDs has been reinforced with the excessive variation of parameters investigated in the current study, offering thus insights up to the submolecular level to lay the groundwork and foundations for the comprehensive assessment of a new emerging class of HDL amorphous API formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Kapourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Eleftherios G Andriotis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Konstantinos N Kontogiannopoulos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.,Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence-AUTH (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Panagiotis A Klonos
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens 15780, Greece
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Athens 15780, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Solid State Section, Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Fatouros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Barmpalexis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.,Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence-AUTH (NatPro-AUTH), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
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10
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Andriotis EG, Chachlioutaki K, Monou PK, Bouropoulos N, Tzetzis D, Barmpalexis P, Chang MW, Ahmad Z, Fatouros DG. Development of Water-Soluble Electrospun Fibers for the Oral Delivery of Cannabinoids. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:23. [PMID: 33400042 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) are two active pharmaceutical ingredients, derived from cannabis plant. In the present study, CBD and CBG were formulated with polyvinyl(pyrrolidone) (PVP) and Eudragit L-100, using electrohydrodynamic atomization (electrospinning). The produced fibers were smooth and uniform in shape, with average fiber diameters in the range of 700-900 nm for PVP fibers and 1-5 μm for Eudragit L-100 fibers. The encapsulation efficiency for both CB and CBG was high (over 90%) for all formulations tested. Both in vitro release and disintegration tests of the formulations in simulated gastric fluids (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluids (SIF) indicated the rapid disintegration and dissolution of the fibers and the subsequent rapid release of the drugs. The study concluded that the electrospinning process is a fast and efficient method to produce drug-loaded fibers suitable for the per os administration of cannabinoids.
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