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Pliakopanou A, Antonopoulos I, Darzenta N, Serifi I, Simos YV, Katsenos AP, Bellos S, Alexiou GA, Kyritsis AP, Leonardos I, Vezyraki P, Peschos D, Tsamis KI. Glioblastoma research on zebrafish xenograft models: a systematic review. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:311-325. [PMID: 37400666 PMCID: PMC10810942 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) constitutes the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The challenges in GBM therapeutics have shed light on zebrafish used as a promising animal model for preclinical GBM xenograft studies without a standardized methodology. This systematic review aims to summarize the advances in zebrafish GBM xenografting, compare research protocols to pinpoint advantages and underlying limitations, and designate the predominant xenografting parameters. Based on the PRISMA checklist, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and ZFIN using the keywords "glioblastoma," "xenotransplantation," and "zebrafish" for papers published from 2005 to 2022, available in English. 46 articles meeting the review criteria were examined for the zebrafish strain, cancer cell line, cell labeling technique, injected cell number, time and site of injection, and maintenance temperature. Our review designated that AB wild-type zebrafish, Casper transparent mutants, transgenic Tg(fli1:EGFP), or crossbreeding of these predominate among the zebrafish strains. Orthotopic transplantation is more commonly employed. A number of 50-100 cells injected at 48 h post-fertilization in high density and low infusion volume is considered as an effective xenografting approach. U87 cells are used for GBM angiogenesis studies, U251 for GBM proliferation studies, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) to achieve clinical relevance. Gradual acclimatization to 32-33 °C can partly address the temperature differential between the zebrafish and the GBM cells. Zebrafish xenograft models constitute valuable tools for preclinical studies with clinical relevance regarding PDX. The GBM xenografting research requires modification based on the objective of each research team. Automation and further optimization of the protocol parameters could scale up the anticancer drug trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Pliakopanou
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ilias Antonopoulos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikolia Darzenta
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Iliana Serifi
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yannis Vasilios Simos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Andreas Panagiotis Katsenos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Stefanos Bellos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Ioannis Leonardos
- Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biological Application and Technology, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Patra Vezyraki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ioannis Tsamis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
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Korakaki E, Simos YV, Karouta N, Spyrou K, Zygouri P, Gournis DP, Tsamis KI, Stamatis H, Dounousi E, Vezyraki P, Peschos D. Effect of Highly Hydrophilic Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Macrophage Function and Survival. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:514. [PMID: 37888179 PMCID: PMC10607831 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have garnered significant attention in the medical sector due to their exceptional superparamagnetic properties and reliable tracking capabilities. In this study, we investigated the immunotoxicity of SPIONs with a modified surface to enhance hydrophilicity and prevent aggregate formation. The synthesized SPIONs exhibited a remarkably small size (~4 nm) and underwent surface modification using a novel "haircut" reaction strategy. Experiments were conducted in vitro using a human monocytic cell line (THP-1). SPIONs induced dose-dependent toxicity to THP-1 cells, potentially by generating ROS and initiating the apoptotic pathway in the cells. Concentrations up to 10 μg/mL did not affect the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, NF-κB, or TLR-4 proteins. The results of the present study demonstrated that highly hydrophilic SPIONs were highly toxic to immune cells; however, they did not activate pathways of inflammation and immune response. Further investigation into the mechanisms of cytotoxicity is warranted to develop a synthetic approach for producing effective, highly hydrophilic SPIONs with little to no side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efterpi Korakaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.K.); (K.I.T.); (P.V.); (D.P.)
| | - Yannis Vasileios Simos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.K.); (K.I.T.); (P.V.); (D.P.)
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Niki Karouta
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Spyrou
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panagiota Zygouri
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Panagiotis Gournis
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ioannis Tsamis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.K.); (K.I.T.); (P.V.); (D.P.)
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelia Dounousi
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Patra Vezyraki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.K.); (K.I.T.); (P.V.); (D.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.K.); (K.I.T.); (P.V.); (D.P.)
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.K.); (P.Z.); (D.P.G.); (H.S.); (E.D.)
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Mytilinaios DG, Tsamis KI, Nikolakaki E, Giannakouros T. Distribution of SRPK1 in human brain. J Chem Neuroanat 2011; 43:20-7. [PMID: 22019390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Extensive alternative splicing is observed in the mammalian nervous system providing for protein diversity and specificity to accomplish the complex neuronal functions. Mechanisms underlying neuron specific splicing are not yet well understood. Among the factors regulating splicing of major importance are serine/arginine protein kinases (SRPKs) that phosphorylate SR splicing factors. SRPK1 is known to be expressed in the mammalian central nervous system. The present immunohistochemical study reveals a region- and neuron-specific localization of SRPK1 in human brain. The potential involvement of the kinase in the regulation of alternative splicing of various neuronal proteins is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Mytilinaios
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, 1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
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