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Zaman K, Schuind AE, Adjei S, Antony K, Aponte JJ, Buabeng PB, Qadri F, Kemp TJ, Hossain L, Pinto LA, Sukraw K, Bhat N, Agbenyega T. Safety and immunogenicity of Innovax bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in girls 9-14 years of age: Interim analysis from a phase 3 clinical trial. Vaccine 2024; 42:2290-2298. [PMID: 38431444 PMCID: PMC11007388 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND World Health Organization human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination recommendations include a single- or two-dose schedule in individuals 9-20 years old and advice for generating data on single-dose efficacy or immunobridging. The ongoing Phase 3 trial of Innovax's bivalent (types 16 and 18) HPV vaccine (Cecolin®) assesses in low- and middle-income countries alternative dosing schedules and generates data following one dose in girls 9-14 years old. Interim data for the 6-month dosing groups are presented. METHODS In Bangladesh and Ghana, 1,025 girls were randomized to receive either two doses of Cecolin at 6-, 12-, or 24-month intervals; one dose of Gardasil® followed by one dose of Cecolin at month 24; or two doses of Gardasil 6 months apart (referent). Serology was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and, in a subset, by neutralization assays. Primary objectives include immunological non-inferiority of the Cecolin schedules to referent one month after the second dose. Safety endpoints include reactogenicity and unsolicited adverse events for 7 and 30 days post-vaccination, respectively, as well as serious adverse events throughout the study. RESULTS Interim analyses included data from the two groups on a 0, 6-month schedule with 205 participants per group. One month after Dose 2, 100% of participants were seropositive by ELISA and had seroconverted for both antigens. Non-inferiority of Cecolin to Gardasil was demonstrated. Six months following one dose, over 96% of participants were seropositive by ELISA for both HPV antigens, with a trend for higher geometric mean concentration following Cecolin administration. Reactogenicity and safety were comparable between both vaccines. CONCLUSIONS Cecolin in a 0, 6-month schedule elicits robust immunogenicity. Non-inferiority to Gardasil was demonstrated one month after a 0, 6-month schedule. Immunogenicity following one dose was comparable to Gardasil up to six months. Both vaccines were safe and well tolerated (ClinicalTrials.gov No. 04508309).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalequ Zaman
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anne E Schuind
- PATH, Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, Seattle, Washington, United States.
| | - Samuel Adjei
- Malaria Research Center, Agogo Presbyterian Hospital/Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Agogo, Ghana
| | - Kalpana Antony
- PATH, Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - John J Aponte
- PATH, Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Patrick By Buabeng
- Malaria Research Center, Agogo Presbyterian Hospital/Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Agogo, Ghana
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Serology Laboratory, Vaccine, Immunity, and Cancer Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States
| | - Lokman Hossain
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- HPV Serology Laboratory, Vaccine, Immunity, and Cancer Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States
| | - Kristen Sukraw
- PATH, Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Niranjan Bhat
- PATH, Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Tsiri Agbenyega
- Malaria Research Center, Agogo Presbyterian Hospital/Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Agogo, Ghana
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