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de Miranda GS, Kulkarni SS, Tagliatela J, Baker CM, Giupponi APL, Labarque FM, Gavish-Regev E, Rix MG, Carvalho LS, Fusari LM, Harvey MS, Wood HM, Sharma PP. The rediscovery of a relict unlocks the first global phylogeny of whip spiders (Amblypygi). Syst Biol 2024:syae021. [PMID: 38733598 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Asymmetrical rates of cladogenesis and extinction abound in the Tree of Life, resulting in numerous minute clades that are dwarfed by larger sister groups. Such taxa are commonly regarded as phylogenetic relicts or "living fossils" when they exhibit an ancient first appearance in the fossil record and prolonged external morphological stasis, particularly in comparison to their more diversified sister groups. Due to their special status, various phylogenetic relicts tend to be well-studied and prioritized for conservation. A notable exception to this trend is found within Amblypygi ("whip spiders"), a visually striking order of functionally hexapodous arachnids that are notable for their antenniform first walking leg pair (the eponymous "whips"). Paleoamblypygi, the putative sister group to the remaining Amblypygi, is known from Late Carboniferous and Eocene deposits, but is survived by a single living species, Paracharon caecus Hansen, 1921, that was last collected in 1899. Due to the absence of genomic sequence-grade tissue for this vital taxon, there is no global molecular phylogeny for Amblypygi to date, nor a fossil-calibrated estimation of divergences within the group. Here, we report a previously unknown species of Paleoamblypygi from a cave site in Colombia. Capitalizing upon this discovery, we generated the first molecular phylogeny of Amblypygi, integrating ultraconserved element sequencing with legacy Sanger datasets and including described extant genera. To quantify the impact of sampling Paleoamblypygi on divergence time estimation, we performed in silico experiments with pruning of Paracharon. We demonstrate that the omission of relicts has a significant impact on the accuracy of node dating approaches that outweighs the impact of excluding ingroup fossils, which bears upon the ancestral range reconstruction for the group. Our results underscore the imperative for biodiversity discovery efforts in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships of "dark taxa", and especially phylogenetic relicts in tropical and subtropical habitats. The lack of reciprocal monophyly for Charontidae and Charinidae leads us to subsume them into one family, Charontidae, new synonymy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo S de Miranda
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th and Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
| | - Siddharth S Kulkarni
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jéssica Tagliatela
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, campus São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caitlin M Baker
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Alessandro P L Giupponi
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, LIRN-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Facundo M Labarque
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, campus São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Efrat Gavish-Regev
- National Natural History Collections, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael G Rix
- Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Leonardo S Carvalho
- Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, Universidade Federal do Piauí, 64808-605, Floriano, PI, Brazil
| | - Lívia Maria Fusari
- Departamento de Hidrobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, campus São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark S Harvey
- Collections and Research Centre, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Hannah M Wood
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th and Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
| | - Prashant P Sharma
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Fusari LM, Dantas GPS, Hamada N, Andrade-Ouza V, Lima KM, Silva JG. LÍVIA MARIA FUSARI, GALILEU P.S. DANTAS, NEUSA HAMADA, VANDERLY ANDRADE-OUZA, KÁTIA M. LIMA amp; JANISETE G. SILVA (2018) Not endemic after all: Imparipecten Freeman, 1961 (Diptera: Chironomidae) described from the Neotropical Region . Zootaxa, 4532 (3): 396-406 . Zootaxa 2019; 4712:zootaxa.4712.4.9. [PMID: 32230672 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.4.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fusari LM, Roque FDO, Lamas CJE. Checklist de Chironomidae para o estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Iheringia, Sér Zool 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2017128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO A família Chironomidae é amplamente distribuída com aproximadamente 4.147 espécies conhecidas para o mundo, entretanto esse valor já está desatualizado; para o Brasil cerca de 379 espécies são registradas. Apresentamos um inventário atualizado das espécies de Chironomidae do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Até o momento, 16 espécies possuem registro assinalado para o estado. Estas pertencem aos gêneros Aedokritus, Beardius, Chironomus, Corynoneura, Djalmabatista, Fissimentum, Goeldichironomus, Oukuriella e Xenochironomus. Além destas, são conhecidas 83 morfoespécies, referentes a 33 gêneros de Chironominae, seis de Orthocladiinae e dez de Tanypodinae, todas provenientes de levantamentos faunísticos e estudos ecológicos no Alto Rio Paraná e seus rios adjacentes.
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Bellodi CF, Fusari LM, Roque FDO. New species and records of Oukuriella Epler, 1986 from the Neotropical region (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2016; 4078:187-96. [PMID: 27395973 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Two new species of Oukuriella, O. angelomachadoi sp. nov. (Holotype male deposited in MZUSP: BRAZIL, Paraná State) and O. plumaterata sp. nov. (Holotype male deposited in MZUSP: BRAZIL, São Paulo State), and the immatures stages of O. sublettei are described and figured. The larvae of O. sublettei were collected from submerged woods in low-order streams in the Atlantic Forest. In addition new records of several described species, including the first records of Oukuriella from Mexico and Bolivia are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ferraz Bellodi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil.;
| | - Lívia Maria Fusari
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia - MZUSP, Laboratório de Diptera, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.;
| | - Fabio De Oliveira Roque
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Ecologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.;
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Amora G, Hamada N, Fusari LM, Andrade-Souza V. An Asiatic Chironomid in Brazil: morphology, DNA barcode and bionomics. Zookeys 2015:129-44. [PMID: 26261436 PMCID: PMC4525028 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.514.9925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In most freshwater ecosystems, aquatic insects are dominant in terms of diversity; however, there is a disproportionately low number of records of alien species when compared to other freshwater organisms. The Chironomidae is one aquatic insect family that includes some examples of alien species around the world. During a study on aquatic insects in Amazonas state (Brazil), we collected specimens of Chironomidae that are similar, at the morphological level, to Chironomuskiiensis Tokunaga and Chironomusstriatipennis Kieffer, both with distributions restricted to Asia. The objectives of this study were to provide morphological information on this Chironomus population, to investigate its identity using DNA barcoding and, to provide bionomic information about this species. Chironomus DNA barcode data were obtained from GenBank and Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) and, together with our data, were analyzed using the neighbor-joining method with 1000 bootstrap replicates and the genetic distances were estimated using the Kimura-2-parameter. At the morphological level, the Brazilian population cannot be distinguished either from Chironomusstriatipennis or Chironomuskiiensis, configuring a species complex but, at the molecular level our studied population is placed in a clade together with Chironomusstriatipennis, from South Korea. Bionomic characteristics of the Brazilian Chironomus population differ from the ones of Chironomuskiiensis from Japan, the only species in this species complex with bionomic information available. The Brazilian Chironomus population has a smaller size, the double of the number of eggs and inhabits oligotrophic water, in artificial container. In the molecular analysis, populations of Chironomusstriatipennis and Chironomuskiiensis are placed in a clade, formed by two groups: Group A (which includes populations from both named species, from different Asiatic regions and our Brazilian population) and Group B (with populations of Chironomuskiiensis from Japan and South Korea). Genetic distance between the Brazilian population and specimens in Group A suggests that it was recently introduced in Brazil, and that its country of origin is probably South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizelle Amora
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Biodiversidade - CBio, Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Neusa Hamada
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Biodiversidade - CBio, Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Lívia Maria Fusari
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP), Laboratório de Diptera, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanderly Andrade-Souza
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Biodiversidade - CBio, Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Pinho LC, Fusari LM, Lamas CJE. Three new species of Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Neotropical region. Zootaxa 2015; 3947:563-72. [PMID: 25947755 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Three new species of Polypedilum from Brazil, belonging to subgenera Tripodura and Pentapedilum are described and illustrated. P. (Pe.) puri sp. n. and P. (Tr.) guato sp. n. are described based on male adults and P. (Tr.) kadiweu sp. n. on male adult, pupa and larva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Carlos Pinho
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, UFSC campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis-SC, Brazil;
| | - Lívia Maria Fusari
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia-MZUSP, Laboratório de Diptera, 04263-000, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; unknown
| | - Carlos José Einicker Lamas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia-MZUSP, Laboratório de Diptera, 04263-000, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; unknown
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Falaschi RL, Albertoni FF, Fusari LM. A new species of Forcipomyia (Microhelea) Meigen (Insecta: Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Neotropical region. Zootaxa 2014; 3878:379-89. [PMID: 25544452 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We describe and illustrate a new species of biting midge belonging to the subgenus Forcipomyia (Microhelea), from the Estação Biológica de Boracéia, São Paulo State, Brazil. We include illustrations of the mouthparts, head, thorax, legs, abdominal setae, and habitus. The new species is similar to the few other recorded Neotropical species of biting midges, such as Forcipomyia (Microhelea) alleni, Forcipomyia (Microhelea) castneri, Forcipomyia (Microhelea) grandcolasi, and Forcipomyia (Microhelea) tettigonaris. However, it can be distinguished by the combination of external characters, such as the number of plates on the maxilla, the number of denticles on the mandible, the size of the labellum, and the morphology of the palpus. The two female specimens examined were found biting on a female stick bug, Paraphasma paulense (Phasmida: Pseudophasmatidae), which was attracted to a light trap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lívia Maria Fusari
- Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04218-970 São Paulo-SP, Brazil; unknown
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Abstract
Oukuriella Epler, 1986 is an exclusively Neotropical genus that comprises two well supported clades: inhabitants of freshwater sponges and inhabitants of immersed wood (saproxylophilic). In this work, males of a new chironomid species, Oukuriella froehlichi sp. n., are described and illustrated. Specimens were collected near stream in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phylogenetic analyses performed in this study show that the newly discovered species belongs in the clade of freshwater sponge inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Maria Fusari
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia - MZUSP, Laboratório de Diptera, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. C.P.: 42494.;
| | - Carolina Ferraz Bellodi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil.;
| | - Carlos José Einicker Lamas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia - MZUSP, Laboratório de Diptera, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. C.P.: 42494.;
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Abstract
The genus Xenochironomus Kieffer is reviewed. Five new species are described from Brazil, X. alaidae, X. amazonensis and X. martini as male; X. grini and X. mendesi as male, pupa and larva, and X. ethiopensis from Ethiopia is described as adult male. X. canterburyensis (Freeman) is redescribed as male, pupa and larva; X. trochanteratus (Thompson), X. trisetosus (Kieffer), X. ugandae (Goetghebuer) and X. tuberosus Wang as males; notes on X. xenolabis (Kieffer), X. flaviventris (Kieffer), X. longicrus (Kieffer), X. lacertus Dutta et Chaudhuri and X. ceciliae Roque et Trivinho-Strixino are also given. The species X. nigricaudus Hashimoto is recognized as nomen dubium. Keys to males, pupae and larvae are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Maria Fusari
- Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia-MZUSP Laboratório de Diptera, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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