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Serre-Miranda C, Nobrega C, Roque S, Canto-Gomes J, Silva CS, Vieira N, Barreira-Silva P, Alves-Peixoto P, Cotter J, Reis A, Formigo M, Sarmento H, Pires O, Carvalho A, Petrovykh DY, Diéguez L, Sousa JC, Sousa N, Capela C, Palha JA, Cunha PG, Correia-Neves M. Performance assessment of 11 commercial serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 on hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 104:661-669. [PMID: 33484862 PMCID: PMC7817432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commercial availability of serological tests to evaluate immunoglobulins (Ig) targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has grown exponentially since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Thorough validation of these tests is important before use as epidemiological tools to infer seroprevalence in specific populations and as diagnostic tools to complement molecular approaches (e.g., quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). METHODS Commercial serological tests from 11 suppliers were assayed side-by-side using 126 samples from SARS-CoV-2-infected inpatients and 36 from healthy and HIV-infected individuals. RESULTS The majority of the tests assayed have >95% specificity. For the sensitivity calculation, samples were stratified by days since symptoms onset; sensitivity peaks at 16-21 days for IgM and IgA (maximum 91.2%, Euroimmun) and, dependant on the test, at 16-21 or >21 days for IgG (maximum 94.1%, Snibe). Data from semiquantitative tests show that patients with a severe clinical presentation have lower levels of Ig targeting SARS-CoV-2 at <10 days since symptoms onset and higher levels at >21 days, compared to patients with a non-severe presentation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the heterogeneity of sensitivity and generally high specificity of the serological tests and establishes a basis for their usefulness to complement diagnostic techniques and population seroprevalence studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Serre-Miranda
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - C Nobrega
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - S Roque
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J Canto-Gomes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - C S Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N Vieira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - P Barreira-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - P Alves-Peixoto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J Cotter
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Internal Medicine Department, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - A Reis
- Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Internal Medicine Department, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - M Formigo
- Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Internal Medicine Department, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - H Sarmento
- Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Internal Medicine Department, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - O Pires
- Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - A Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - D Y Petrovykh
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - L Diéguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - J C Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center, Braga, Portugal
| | - C Capela
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - J A Palha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center, Braga, Portugal
| | - P G Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Internal Medicine Department, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - M Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center, Braga, Portugal.
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Diéguez L, Winter M, Molan S, Monis P, King B, Thierry B. Disposable microfluidic micromixers for effective capture of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts from water samples. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:4. [PMID: 29599821 PMCID: PMC5870503 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protecting drinking water supplies from pathogens such as Cryptosporidium parvum is a major concern for water utilities worldwide. The sensitivity and specificity of current detection methods are largely determined by the effectiveness of the concentration and separation methods used. The purpose of this study is to develop micromixers able to specifically isolate and concentrate Cryptosporidium, while allowing in situ analysis. Results In this study, disposable microfluidic micromixers were fabricated to effectively isolate Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts from water samples, while allowing direct observation and enabling quantification of oocysts captured in the device using high quality immunofluorescence microscopy. In parallel, quantitative analysis of the capture yield was carried out by analyzing the waste from the microfluidics outlet with an Imaging Flow Cytometer. At the optimal flow rate, capture efficiencies up to 96% were achieved in spiked samples. Conclusions Scaled microfluidic isolation and detection of Cryptosporidium parvum will provide a faster and more efficient detection method for Cryptosporidium compared to other available laboratory-scale technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Diéguez
- 1Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia Australia.,2International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - M Winter
- 1Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia Australia
| | - S Molan
- 1Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia Australia
| | - P Monis
- 1Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia Australia.,3South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - B King
- 3South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - B Thierry
- 1Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio and Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia Australia
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Herrera R, Almaguer M, Chipi J, Toirac X, Martínez O, Castellanos O, Bacallao J, Licourt RM, Mulet P, Velásquez I, Diéguez L, Hernández MC, Caballero W, Urra P, Rodríguez-Triana N. Detection of markers of cardiovascular and renal risk in Cuba: Isle of Youth Study (ISYS). Nephron Clin Pract 2010; 117:c353-62. [PMID: 21071959 DOI: 10.1159/000321505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chronic vascular diseases constitute a growing global health problem. OBJECTIVES To (a) determine marker positivity for renovascular damage in the total adult population of the Isle of Youth, Cuba; (b) describe marker association with common risk factors for renal and related chronic vascular conditions, and (c) identify best predictors of renovascular damage. METHODS Previous informed consent was obtained, the population studied was 55,646, and subjects were aged ≥20 years. Blood pressure, weight and height were measured and a questionnaire applied. Urine markers for renovascular damage (hematuria, proteinuria and microalbuminuria) were also determined. RESULTS Positive markers were detected in 21.3%: hematuria (12.6%), microalbuminuria (6.8%), proteinuria (0.9%), and proteinuria + hematuria (0.9%). Risk factors were highly prevalent: 15.1% were aged ≥60 years; 32.3% overweight, 13.9% obese, and 25.1% smokers. Prevalence of high blood pressure (30%), diabetes mellitus (5.4%) and cardiovascular disease (5%) was also high, while cerebrovascular disease registered 0.9%. Markers were more prevalent in older people and in those suffering from diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight or obesity. Risk factor regression tree analysis identified hypertension as the best predictor of renovascular damage. CONCLUSIONS Adult population-wide screening revealed hidden morbidity and permitted better risk stratification. Results serve to inform community-based multidisciplinary and intersectoral disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Herrera
- Institute of Nephrology, Havanna University of Medical Sciences, Havana, Cuba.
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Bisset JA, Diéguez L, Rodríguez MM, Díaz C, González T, Vázquez R. [3 combinations of esterases and their relation with the resistance to organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides in Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) in Cuba]. Rev Cubana Med Trop 1998; 48:5-11. [PMID: 9768262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The possible relationship between different patterns of esterases and the resistance to various types of insecticides was analyzed by bioassays, biochemical tests, and electrophoresis carried out in a population of Culex quinquefasciatus from Camagüey and in three colonies obtained from it by family selection. The original population was heterogeneous and presented 8 combinations of esterases in polyacrylamide gel. A3A6B6, B1B6 and B1A6B6 were the most frequent of them and characterized each selected colony. Every studied colony, including the parental one, showed different levels of resistance to diverse insecticides. Only the resistance to propoxur showed less variation. In every colony it seems to exist a combination of resistance mechanisms; however, the differences found in tests with DEF synergized insecticides show that the different bands of zymograms may represent esterases contributing in a different way to resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bisset
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri
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