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Moreno F, Moreno J, Fatela F, Guise L, Vieira C, Leira M. Bromine biogeodynamics in the NE Atlantic: A perspective from natural wetlands of western Portugal. Sci Total Environ 2020; 722:137649. [PMID: 32208235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bromine (Br) cycling in natural wetlands is highly complex, including abiotic/biotic processes and multiphase inorganic/organic Br-species. Wetland ecosystems receive Br primarily from the ocean, functioning as either sinks or sources of Br, with the overall imbalance largely decided by the prevailing climate. Aiming to trace the present-day transport of oceanogenic Br (i.e., derived from salt-water spray-droplets) and its uptake and storage in brackish and freshwater wetlands, we surveyed waters, autochthonous plants, and soils/sediments from coastal marshes and mountain peatlands in the westernmost fringe of northern Portugal. The calculated enrichment factors of bromide (Br-) relative to chloride in rainfall (EFsea = 16.8-75.3), rivers (EFsea = 1.3-13.9) and wetland waters, superficial (EFsea = 5.8-13.1) and interstitial (EFsea = 2.1-8.9), increased towards the inland highlands. We hypothesized that these values derived mostly from a known Br autocatalytic (heterogeneous) chemical cycle, starting at the seawater-aqueous interface and progressing in altitude. Br-bearing air masses are carried far from the Atlantic Ocean by moist westerlies, with Br- rainout from the atmosphere supplying the neighbouring mountain peatlands. Average [Br] in sampled wetland soils/sediments (111-253 mg/kg) agreed with values from other coastal regions, and they were directly correlated with the abundance of organic matter, varying irrespective the [Br-] of interstitial waters (129 μg/L-79 mg/L). According to the computed bioconcentration factors, the aqueous component was the major source of Br for all plant species investigated (BFplant/water = 2.1-508.0), as described elsewhere. However, Br contents in plants (14-173 mg/kg) evidenced interspecific differences, also suggesting a divergence from the acknowledged halophytic-glycophytic "model". As plants are recognized producers of Br volatile molecules (e.g., methyl bromide, CH3Br), we interpreted translocation factors less than one in vascular species as explanatory of phytovolatilization rather than restriction of Br- upward movement in plants. Further investigation is needed, since considerable intrinsic plant variations in CH3Br emissions are mentioned in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moreno
- Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Pólo da Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - J Moreno
- Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - F Fatela
- Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Guise
- Departamento de Ciências da Terra (DCT), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - C Vieira
- Museu de História Natural e Ciência da Universidade do Porto (MHNC-UP)/UPorto/Infra-estrutura de Colecções Científicas Portuguesas - (PRIS-POCI-01-0145FEDER-022168), Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Leira
- Departamento de Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15071A Coruña, Spain
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Moreno J, Fatela F, Leorri E, Moreno F, Freitas MC, Valente T, Araújo MF, Gómez-Navarro JJ, Guise L, Blake WH. Bromine soil/sediment enrichment in tidal salt marshes as a potential indicator of climate changes driven by solar activity: New insights from W coast Portuguese estuaries. Sci Total Environ 2017; 580:324-338. [PMID: 28034544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims at providing insight about bromine (Br) cycle in four Portuguese estuaries: Minho, Lima (in the NW coast) and Sado, Mira (in the SW coast). The focus is on their tidal marsh environments, quite distinct with regard to key biophysicochemical attributes. Regardless of the primary bromide (Br-) common natural source, i.e., seawater, the NW marshes present relatively higher surface soil/sediment Br concentrations than the ones from SW coast. This happens in close connection with organic matter (OM) content, and is controlled by their main climatic contexts. Yet, the anthropogenic impact on Br concentrations cannot be discarded. Regarding [Br] spatial patterns across the marshes, the results show a general increase from tidal flat toward high marsh. Maxima [Br] occur in the upper driftline zone, at transition from highest low marsh to high marsh, recognized as a privileged setting for OM accumulation. Based on the discovery of OM ubiquitous bromination in marine and transitional environments, it is assumed that this Br occurs mainly as organobromine. Analysis of two dated sediment cores indicates that, despite having the same age (AD ~1300), the Caminha salt marsh (Minho estuary) evidences higher Br enrichment than the Casa Branca salt marsh (Mira estuary). This is related to a greater Br storage ability, which is linked to OM build-up and rate dynamics under different climate scenarios. Both cores evidence a fairly similar temporal Br enrichment pattern, and may be interpreted in light of the sun-climate coupling. Thereby, most of the well-known Grand Solar Minima during the Little Ice Age appear to have left an imprint on these marshes, supported by higher [Br] in soils/sediments. Besides climate changes driven by solar activity and impacting marsh Br biogeodynamics, those Br enrichment peaks might also reflect inputs of enhanced volcanic activity covarying with Grand Solar Minima.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Moreno
- IDL - Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Geologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - F Fatela
- IDL - Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Geologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E Leorri
- East Carolina University, Department of Geological Sciences, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA
| | - F Moreno
- Independent Researcher, Caminho da Portela, 97, 4940-061 Bico PCR, Portugal
| | - M C Freitas
- IDL - Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Geologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T Valente
- Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Polo da Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centro de Investigación para la Ingenieria en Mineria Sostenible (CIPIMS), Universidad de Huelva, Ctra. Palos Fra. s/n, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain
| | - M F Araújo
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C(2)TN), Estrada Nacional 10, km 139,7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - J J Gómez-Navarro
- University of Murcia, Department of Physics-Physics of the Earth, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - L Guise
- Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - W H Blake
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
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Saadoun D, Boyer O, Abriol J, Guise L, Piette J, Klatzman D, Cacoub P. Expansions oligoclonales de lymphocytes T CD4+ activés dans les vascularites cryoglobulinémiques liées au virus de l'hépatite C. Rev Med Interne 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(03)80406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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