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de Azevedo A, Fontanillas R, Owen M, Busti S, Parma L, Bonaldo A, Witten P, Huysseune A. A quantitative analysis of gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata) juvenile dentition as a tool to assess the effect of diet. CAN J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2020-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 (Perciformes, Sparidae)) is an important aquaculture species in the Mediterranean Sea basin. Yet, quantitative data on its dentition under standard farming conditions are currently lacking. Furthermore, it is unknown if the dentition can adapt to food of different sizes. Here, we describe the lower jaw dentition of juvenile S. aurata fed a standard pellet size (4 mm) and present a detailed analysis of 11 representative teeth. Overall, the number of teeth showed large individual variation, but it was not significantly related to fish length. Considerable left–right differences were observed, without clear side dominance. We also assessed the influence of feeding S. aurata a smaller (2 mm) or larger (6 mm) pellet size. Four months of feeding with different pellet sizes did not cause detectable differences in total tooth number on the dentaries at the time of harvest, nor in size of the teeth assumed to be most relevant in food processing. If and how different pellet sizes may nevertheless affect digestion, and eventually fish health, is subject for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. de Azevedo
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario S/N, 27002 Lugo, Spain
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - R. Fontanillas
- Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre, Sjøhagen 3, 4016 Stavanger, Norway
| | - M.A.G. Owen
- Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre, Sjøhagen 3, 4016 Stavanger, Norway
| | - S. Busti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - L. Parma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - A. Bonaldo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - P.E. Witten
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - A. Huysseune
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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de Vries MR, Parma L, Peters HAB, Schepers A, Hamming JF, Jukema JW, Goumans MJTH, Guo L, Finn AV, Virmani R, Ozaki CK, Quax PHA. Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibits intraplaque haemorrhage by normalization of plaque neovessels. J Intern Med 2019; 285:59-74. [PMID: 30102798 PMCID: PMC6334526 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plaque angiogenesis is associated with atherosclerotic lesion growth, plaque instability and negative clinical outcome. Plaque angiogenesis is a natural occurring process to fulfil the increasing demand of oxygen and nourishment of the vessel wall. However, inadequate formed, immature plaque neovessels are leaky and cause intraplaque haemorrhage. OBJECTIVE Blockade of VEGFR2 normalizes the unbridled process of plaque neovessel formation and induces maturation of nascent vessels resulting in prevention of intraplaque haemorrhage and influx of inflammatory cells into the plaque and subsequently increases plaque stability. METHODS AND RESULTS In human carotid and vein graft atherosclerotic lesions, leaky plaque neovessels and intraplaque haemorrhage co-localize with VEGF/VEGFR2 and angiopoietins. Using hypercholesterolaemic ApoE3*Leiden mice that received a donor caval vein interposition in the carotid artery, we demonstrate that atherosclerotic vein graft lesions at t28 are associated with hypoxia, Hif1α and Sdf1 up-regulation. Local VEGF administration results in increased plaque angiogenesis. VEGFR2 blockade in this model results in a significant 44% decrease in intraplaque haemorrhage and 80% less extravasated erythrocytes compared to controls. VEGFR2 blockade in vivo results in a 32% of reduction in vein graft size and more stable lesions with significantly reduced macrophage content (30%), and increased collagen (54%) and smooth muscle cell content (123%). Significant decreased VEGF, angiopoietin-2 and increased Connexin 40 expression levels demonstrate increased plaque neovessel maturation in the vein grafts. VEGFR2 blockade in an aortic ring assay showed increased pericyte coverage of the capillary sprouts. CONCLUSION Inhibition of intraplaque haemorrhage by controlling neovessels maturation holds promise to improve plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. de Vries
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - L. Parma
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - H. A. B. Peters
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - A. Schepers
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - J. F. Hamming
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - J. W. Jukema
- Department of CardiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - M. J. T. H. Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - L. Guo
- CVPath Institute Inc.GaithersburgMDUSA
| | | | | | - C. K. Ozaki
- Department of SurgeryDivision of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - P. H. A. Quax
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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Bonvini E, Bonaldo A, Mandrioli L, Sirri R, Dondi F, Bianco C, Fontanillas R, Mongile F, Gatta PP, Parma L. Effects of feeding low fishmeal diets with increasing soybean meal levels on growth, gut histology and plasma biochemistry of sea bass. Animal 2018; 12:923-930. [PMID: 29039295 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aquaculture industry depends upon the development of sustainable protein sources to replace fishmeal (FM) in aquafeeds and the products derived from soybeans are some of the most studied plant feedstuffs. A key area of investigation for continuing to improve modern aquafeeds includes the evaluation of varying proportions and combinations of plant ingredients to identify mixtures that are more efficiently utilized by the fish. This study investigated the effects of increasing soybean meal (SBM) by replacing a mix of plant ingredients in low FM (20%) diets on growth, blood biochemistry profile and gut histology on European sea bass. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated: four diets containing increasing SBM levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%; 0SBM, 10SBM, 20SBM and 30SBM, respectively) with a low content of FM (20%) and one control diet (0% SBM; 35% FM). Diets containing SBM brought to comparable performance and protein utilization, while 0SBM had negative impact on feed conversion rate and protein utilization. Blood parameters suggested an optimal nutritional status under all feeding treatments, even though slightly decreased values were reported at increasing dietary SBM. Histology examination did not show any changes indicative of soy-induced enteritis. We can conclude that for European sea bass: (i) different blends of plant protein did not affect feed intake despite the 20% FM dietary level; (ii) the inclusion of SBM maintains optimal growth and feed utilization in low FM diets; (iii) blood biochemistry profile showed a good nutritional status under all feeding regimes; (iv) no evidence of soy-induced enteritis was reported in any group fed low FM diets. For formulation of practical diets in on-growing of European sea bass, SBM up to 30% can be successfully incorporated into feeds containing low FM inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bonvini
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - A Bonaldo
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - L Mandrioli
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - R Sirri
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - F Dondi
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - C Bianco
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - R Fontanillas
- 2Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre,Stavanger 4016,Norway
| | - F Mongile
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - P P Gatta
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
| | - L Parma
- 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences,University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra 50,40064 Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy
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Van Der Kwast RVCT, Van Ingen E, Parma L, Peters HAB, Quax PHA, Nossent AYN. 26A-to-I editing of microRNA-487b alters target gene selection and promotes neovascularization after ischemia. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - E Van Ingen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Vascular surgery, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - L Parma
- Leiden University Medical Center, Vascular surgery, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - HAB Peters
- Leiden University Medical Center, Vascular surgery, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - PHA Quax
- Leiden University Medical Center, Vascular surgery, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - AYN Nossent
- Leiden University Medical Center, Vascular surgery, Leiden, Netherlands
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Parma L, Bonaldo A, Pirini M, Viroli C, Parmeggiani A, Bonvini E, Gatta PP. Fatty acid composition of eggs and its relationships to egg and larval viability from domesticated common sole (Solea solea) breeders. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 50:186-194. [PMID: 25471058 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The study of lipids and fatty acids (FAs) has been used in the assessment of egg quality because their composition can influence the fertilization rate, hatching, survival and growth of marine fish larvae. For these reasons, the lipid content (TL) and fatty acid composition of common sole (Solea solea) eggs were measured and correlated to egg and larval viability parameters throughout an entire reproductive season. Seventeen batches of fertile eggs obtained from natural spawning of captive breeders were characterized for the TL, FA profile, hatching rate (HR) and survival rate of larvae (SR) at 0-6 days post-hatching (dph). The egg FA composition reflected the composition of the feed supplied to the broodstock during summer and autumn (before and during vitellogenesis) rather than that supplied during the spawning season. In general, the egg FA profile showed minimal differences among the early-, mid- and late-spawning periods (possibly due to the change of the diet and/or water temperature) indicating that it is possible to obtain a similar egg quality in terms of egg FA profile over 2 months of spawning. Saturated FAs and monounsaturated FAs (MUFA) were positively correlated with HR, while TL, 22 : 6n-3 (DHA), 20 : 4n-6 (ARA), polyunsaturated FAs of the (n-3) series (n-3 PUFA) and polyunsaturated FAs of the (n-6) series were negatively correlated (p ≤ 0.05). MUFA, 20 : 5n-3 (EPA), n-6/n-3 were positively correlated with SR, while DHA, n-3 PUFA, DHA/EPA were negatively correlated (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the feed supplied before and during vitellogenesis has a major role in determining the egg FA profile in common sole. The relationships found between TL and FAs with egg and larval viability parameters differ from many other farmed marine fish species, which may suggest the need for a specific broodstock feed for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Parma
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - A Bonaldo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - M Pirini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - C Viroli
- Department of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Parmeggiani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - E Bonvini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - P P Gatta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
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Bonaldo A, Roem AJ, Mariani L, Fagioli P, Pecchini A, Parma L, Gatta PP. The influence of different levels of soybean meal in diets for ongrowing gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax). Italian Journal of Animal Science 2007. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Bonaldo
- Dipartimento di Morfofisiologia Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali. Università di Bologna, Italy
| | | | - L. Mariani
- Laboratorio di Acquacoltura, Polo Scientifico-Didattico di Cesena. Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - P. Fagioli
- Dipartimento di Morfofisiologia Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali. Università di Bologna, Italy
| | | | - L. Parma
- Laboratorio di Acquacoltura, Polo Scientifico-Didattico di Cesena. Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - P. P. Gatta
- Dipartimento di Morfofisiologia Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali. Università di Bologna, Italy
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Wilkie IC, Parma L, Bonasoro F, Bavestrello G, Cerrano C, Carnevali MDC. Mechanical adaptability of a sponge extracellular matrix: evidence for cellular control of mesohyl stiffness in Chondrosia reniformisNardo. J Exp Biol 2006; 209:4436-43. [PMID: 17079714 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis Nardo consists largely of a collagenous tissue, the mesohyl, which confers a cartilaginous consistency on the whole animal. This investigation was prompted by the incidental observation that, despite a paucity of potentially contractile elements in the mesohyl, intact C. reniformis stiffen noticeably when touched. By measuring the deflection under gravity of beam-shaped tissue samples, it was demonstrated that the flexural stiffness of the mesohyl is altered by treatments that influence cellular activities, including [Ca2+]manipulation, inorganic and organic calcium channel-blockers and cell membrane disrupters, and that it is also sensitive to extracts of C. reniformis tissue that have been repeatedly frozen then thawed. Since the membrane disrupters and tissue extracts cause marked stiffening of mesohyl samples, it is hypothesised that cells in the mesohyl store a stiffening factor and that the physiologically controlled release of this factor is responsible for the touch-induced stiffening of intact animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Wilkie
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, Scotland, UK.
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Piperno A, Vergani A, Malosio I, Parma L, Fossati L, Ricci A, Bovo G, Boari G, Mancia G. Hepatic iron overload in patients with chronic viral hepatitis: role of HFE gene mutations. Hepatology 1998; 28:1105-9. [PMID: 9755249 DOI: 10.1002/hep.510280427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mild to moderate hepatic iron overload is frequent in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CH). We evaluated the role of hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations and other acquired factors in the development of iron overload in these patients. We studied 110 patients with chronic B or C viral hepatitis (31 women, 79 men), including 20 with cirrhosis, and 139 controls. Hepatic iron was evaluated by semiquantitative analysis in all the patients, and hepatic iron concentration (HIC) was determined in 97 of them (26 women, 71 men). C282Y and H63D mutations were sought in all the subjects by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction assay. The frequency of HFE genotypes and alleles did not differ in patients and controls. No relation was detected between hepatic iron stores and HFE gene mutations in women. In men, all C282Y heterozygotes had iron overload, and the H63D mutation was significantly more frequent in patients with more marked hepatic siderosis than in those with mild or no siderosis (P = .0039) and in controls (P = .0008). Heavy alcohol intake and hepatic cirrhosis were also associated with increased hepatic iron stores in the men. In the 71 men in whom HIC was measured, multiple regression analysis showed that this variable was related independently only to alcohol intake and HFE gene mutations. We suggest that in patients with CH, iron accumulates in the liver as the result of an interplay between genetic and acquired factors, and that increased liver iron stores may influence progression toward liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piperno
- Istituto di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Milano, Divisione di Medicina I, Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Italy.
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Kaplanová M, Parma L. Effect of excitation and emission wavelength on the fluorescence lifetimes of chlorophyll a. Gen Physiol Biophys 1984; 3:127-34. [PMID: 6537358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The effect of excitation and emission wavelengths on fluorescence decay times of Chlorophyll a were measured in four solutions (C approximately 10(-5) mol X 1(-1] and in polymethyl methacrylate films. The decay times observed were corrected with respect to self-absorption and re-emission effects. The fluorescence decay times of Chlorophyll a was found to depend on both the excitation and the emission wavelengths.
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Hála J, Pelant I, Parma L, Vacek K. Low temperature laser fluorescence and excitation spectra of free base phthalocyanine in normal alkanes matrices (Shpolskii effect). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01596722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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