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Pande B, Verma HK, Bhaskar LVKS. Tailored nutritional interventions: A precision approach to managing gestational diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1045-1047. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i5.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk to maternal-fetal health due to uncertain diagnostic criteria and treatment options. Luo's study demonstrated the efficacy of customized nutritional therapies in controlling GDM. Tailored strategies led to significant body weight loss, improved glucolipid metabolism, and fewer prenatal and newborn problems. This holistic approach, which emphasizes the notion of ’chrononutrition’, takes into account optimal meal timing that is in sync with circadian rhythms, as well as enhanced sleep hygiene. Implementing tailored dietary therapy, managing meal timing, and ensuring appropriate sleep may improve results for women with GDM, opening up a possible avenue for multi-center trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Chhattisgarh, Raipur 492001, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Bayren, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - LVKS Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur 495001, India
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Costanzo V, Ratre YK, Andretta E, Acharya R, Bhaskar LVKS, Verma HK. A Comprehensive Review of Cancer Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Blood Cancer Patients: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Strategies. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:465-495. [PMID: 38372853 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Cardiotoxicity has emerged as a serious outcome catalyzed by various therapeutic targets in the field of cancer treatment, which includes chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies. The growing significance of cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity (CDIC) and radiation-induced cardiotoxicity (CRIC) necessitates immediate attention. This article intricately unveils how cancer treatments cause cardiotoxicity, which is exacerbated by patient-specific risks. In particular, drugs like anthracyclines, alkylating agents, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors pose a risk, along with factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Mechanistic insights into oxidative stress and topoisomerase-II-B inhibition are crucial, while cardiac biomarkers show early damage. Timely intervention and prompt treatment, especially with specific agents like dexrazoxane and beta-blockers, are pivotal in the proactive management of CDIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Costanzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rakesh Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, 85764, Munich, Germany.
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Patel A, Sahu N, Verma HK, Bhaskar LVKS. Increased susceptibility for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate by SLC19A1 80G>A genetic variation. J World Fed Orthod 2024:S2212-4438(24)00002-X. [PMID: 38395727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The disruption of craniofacial developmental pathways during early embryogenesis can lead to conditions such as nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Several lines of evidence indicate that inadequate maternal nutrition causes low folate levels during the periconceptional period, resulting in NSCL/P. Although substantial research has been conducted on the possible link between SLC19A1 genetic variants and NSCL/P, the association between SLC19A1 80G>A (rs1051266) and NSCL/P remains unclear. In the present study, the associations of SLC19A1 80G>A with NSCL/P risk were assessed by calculating the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by meta-analyses. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, a meta-analysis was conducted on 10 studies assessing the NSCL/P risk associated with SLC19A1 80G>A variant. To ascertain the degree of relationship between the SLC19A1 80G>A genetic variant and the risk of NSCL/P, data were analyzed in allelic, recessive and dominant genetic models. CI of OR for each study and the pooled data were obtained. All statistical analyses were conducted utilizing the MetaGenyo software tool, which integrates the adjustment of P values for multiple testing through the Bonferroni method. RESULTS The pooled analysis showed that SLC19A1 80G>A variant significantly increased the NSCL/P risk in the allelic model (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.00-1.92), recessive model (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.03-1.82) and dominant models (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.05-2.90). Publication bias was not observed. CONCLUSIONS This study supports that the SLC19A1 80G>A genetic variant is associated with NSCL/P risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Patel
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Nisha Sahu
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
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Mohanty P, Panda P, Acharya RK, Pande B, Bhaskar LVKS, Verma HK. Emerging perspectives on RNA virus-mediated infections: from pathogenesis to therapeutic interventions. World J Virol 2023; 12:242-255. [PMID: 38187500 PMCID: PMC10768389 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i5.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA viruses continue to pose significant threats to global public health, necessitating a profound understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms and the development of effective therapeutic interventions. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of emerging perspectives on RNA virus-mediated infections, spanning from the intricate intricacies of viral pathogenesis to the forefront of innovative therapeutic strategies. A critical exploration of antiviral drugs sets the stage, highlighting the diverse classes of compounds that target various stages of the viral life cycle, underscoring the ongoing efforts to combat viral infections. Central to this discussion is the exploration of RNA-based therapeutics, with a spotlight on messenger RNA (mRNA)-based approaches that have revolutionized the landscape of antiviral interventions. Furthermore, the manuscript delves into the intricate world of delivery systems, exploring inno-vative technologies designed to enhance the efficiency and safety of mRNA vaccines. By analyzing the challenges and advancements in delivery mechanisms, this review offers a roadmap for future research and development in this critical area. Beyond conventional infectious diseases, the document explores the expanding applications of mRNA vaccines, including their promising roles in cancer immunotherapy and personalized medicine approaches. This manuscript serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers alike, offering a nuanced perspective on RNA virus pathogenesis and the cutting-edge therapeutic interventions. By synthesizing the latest advancements and challenges, this review contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse in the field, driving the development of novel strategies to combat RNA virus-mediated infections effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Mohanty
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Poojarani Panda
- Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur 492001, chhattisgarh, India
| | - LVKS Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich 85764, Bayren, Germany
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Mehta P, Chakraborty A, Andrabi SW, Sharma B, Kumar R, Bhaskar LVKS, Rajender S. COVID-19 vaccination does not affect male sexual functions. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:3. [PMID: 36639754 PMCID: PMC9837459 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-01052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 infection has been linked with erectile dysfunction, which has also raised apprehensions about the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on male sexual functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on male sexual functions, such as erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall satisfaction. METHODS We used International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire for data collection. Mixed methods were adopted for this study, which consisted of Google online form distribution and the distribution of hard copies of the form to those who were not internet friendly. All data were entered in a spreadsheet and scores were assigned to each response according to the standard scores given in the IIEF questionnaire. Fifteen questions, one corresponding to each question in the IIEF questionnaire, were included to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on each sexual function. RESULTS In the first part of analysis, we calculated sexual function scores and men reporting low sexual function scores (~ 15%) were excluded, providing us with 465 individuals for further analysis. Regarding the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on male sexual functions, 71% individuals reported no impact, 3% reported a decline, 2.7% reported an improvement, and 23.3% could not assess the impact. We also performed analysis on the basis of age-groups of the participants and the duration after vaccination, finding that there was no impact irrespective of the age of subjects or the length of period after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 vaccination does not affect male sexual functions, including erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall sexual satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Mehta
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Arijit Chakraborty
- Department of Sports Physiology, National Sports University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | | | - Bhawani Sharma
- Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishvavidyalya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Singh Rajender
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Ghanta MK, Nuthalapati P, Merchant N, Chenchula S, Hussain F, Ak AK, Bhaskar LVKS. Role of CD4+ T cell in Parkinson's disease. Crit Rev Immunol 2023; 42:17-25. [PMID: 37082948 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023047372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive condition that affects both the central nervous system and other body parts that are controlled by the nervous system. PD is characterized by brain dopaminergic neurons loss and, at present, there are only symptomatic treatments available to alleviate the effects of the disease. With extensive research, new insights have led to defining PD as a multi-system disorder with immune dysfunction playing a dominant part in the disease pathogenesis as well as its progression. Neuroinflammation in PD leads to neurodegeneration, which is, in turn, regulated by the peripheral adaptive immunity, with CD4+ T cells being a significant player. Patients with PD have diverse CD4+ T cell phenotypes and functional profiles. These phenotypes vary, from being proinflammatory (Th1 and Th17) to anti-inflammatory (Th2 and Tregs). This report focuses on reviewing the expression of CD4+ T cells in PD and its role in the prognosis and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Krishna Ghanta
- Department of Pharmacology, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote-562114, Karnataka, India
| | - Poojith Nuthalapati
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu-600116, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Santenna Chenchula
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal-462020, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Faiz Hussain
- Department of General Surgery, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Afzal Khan Ak
- Department of Pharmacology, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote-562114, Karnataka, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur-495009, Chhattisgarh, India
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Sahu T, Verma HK, Bhaskar LVKS. Bacterial and fungal co-infection is a major barrier in COVID-19 patients: A specific management and therapeutic strategy is required. World J Virol 2022; 11:107-110. [PMID: 35433338 PMCID: PMC8966592 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v11.i2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial co-infections are another primary concern in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet it is an untouched area among researchers. Preliminary data and systematic reviews only show the type of pathogens responsible for that, but its pathophysiology is still unknown. Studies show that these microbial co-infections are hospital-acquired/nosocomial infections, and patients admitted to intensive care units with invasive mechanical ventilation are highly susceptible to it. Patients with COVID-19 had elevated inflammatory cytokines and a weakened cell-mediated immune response, with lower CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell counts, indicating vulnerability to various co-infections. Despite this, there are only a few studies that recommend the management of co-infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Sahu
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur 492001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich 85764, Germany
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Padhi UN, Mulkalwar M, Saikrishna L, Verma HK, Bhaskar LVKS. NOS3 gene intron 4 a/b polymorphism is associated with ESRD in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients. J Bras Nefrol 2022; 44:224-231. [PMID: 35138322 PMCID: PMC9269174 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2021-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes have been implicated in renal hemodynamics as potent regulators of vascular tone and blood pressure. It has been linked to a reduction in plasma nitric oxide levels. Several studies have recently been conducted to investigate the role of NOS3 gene polymorphisms and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the results are still unclear and the mechanisms are not fully defined. As a result, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the relationship between NOS3 gene polymorphism and ESRD in autosomal polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients. Methods: To assess the relationship between NOS3 gene polymorphism and ESRD, relevant studies published between September 2002 and December 2020 were retrieved from the PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a fixed-effect model. To assess the heterogeneity of studies, we used Cochrane’s Q test and the Higgins and Thompson I2 statistics. Results: Our meta-analysis of 13 studies showed that the presence of the two NOS3 gene polymorphisms significantly increased ESRD risk in ADPKD patients with 4a/b gene polymorphism (aa+ab vs. bb: OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.24-3.09, p=0.004). In addition, no significant association was found between the NOS3 894G>T (Glu298Asp) polymorphism and the risk of ESRD in ADPKD patients (GT+TT vs. GG: OR=1.21, 95% CI=0.93-1.58, p=0.157). There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: The findings of the current meta-analysis suggest that NOS3 intron 4a/b polymorphism plays a vital role in the increasing risk of ESRD in ADPKD patients.
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Shit P, Sahu N, Ghanta MK, Ahire V, Jadhav RJ, Merchant N, Bhaskar LVKS. IL18 GENE PROMOTER POLYMORPHISMS ARE INVOLVED IN THE PERIODONTAL DISEASE: A META-ANALYSIS. Crit Rev Immunol 2022; 42:1-8. [PMID: 37075015 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2022047290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial plaque that builds up in the gingival crevice area causes inflammation and leads to periodontal disease. Previous research has shown an association between interleukins with periodontitis. The association between interleukin-18 (IL-18) gene polymorphism and periodontitis risk was studied extensively, but the results are contradictory. The aim of this study is to find the association of two IL-18 promoter variants namely -607 C > A (rs1946518) and -137 G > C (rs187238), and the risk of chronic and aggressive periodontal disease by meta-analysis. The databases of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were all explored to find the appropriate studies. The MetaGenyo software was used to calculate each analysis. Outcomes of the pooled analyses revealed significantly elevated risk for periodontitis for both polymorphisms. There is no significant heterogeneity between studies. No significant publication bias was observed. This meta-analysis provided the evidence of a link between IL-18 gene polymorphism in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Shit
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Nisha Sahu
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Mohan Krishna Ghanta
- Department of Pharmacology, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote-562114, Karnataka, India
| | - Varsha Ahire
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Ravindra Jagannath Jadhav
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vasantdada Patil Dental College and Hospital Kavalapur, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur-495009, Chhattisgarh, India
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Verma HK, Bhaskar LVKS. Gender differences in the relationship between alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk are uncertain and not well-delineated. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:2216-2218. [PMID: 35070053 PMCID: PMC8713330 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of alcoholic and other beverage consumption in the etiology of gastric cancer is unknown. Several studies have summarized and established a significant association between heavy alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk, but evidence on alcohol-related cancer risk is conflicting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of lungs Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - LVKS Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495001, Chhattisgarh, India
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Purohit MR, Saikrishna L, Verma H, Bhaskar LVKS, Hussain SA. Association Between MTHFD1 1958G > A Variant and non-Syndromic Cleft lip and Palate: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:1422-1427. [PMID: 34904448 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211046486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common and challenging congenital deformities worldwide. Previous research has linked the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase1 (MTHFD1) gene to orofacial cleft (OFC) susceptibility via a complex metabolism. Studies analyzing the MTHFD1 1958G > A variant and NSCLP are contradictory. This study aims to evaluate the association between the MTHFD1 1958G > A variant and NSCLP by meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases were searched to retrieve the eligible studies. A fixed- or random-effect model was used to calculate pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). All analyses were calculated by Metagenyo software. To detect heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q and I2 statistics were used. The publication bias was estimated using funnel plots and Egger's test. RESULTS Our study suggested that the MTHFD1 1958G > A variant allele "A" does not appear to increase the risk of NSCLP (A vs G random effect model: Overall P = .501, OR = 1.07, CI = 0.88-1.31; Asians P = .245, OR = 1.29, CI = 0.84-1.97; Caucasians P = .658, OR = 0.95, CI = 0.76-1.19). Similarly, mutant genotypes also did not exhibit increased risk for NSCLP in the overall populations as well in subgroup analysis by ethnicity (AA + AG vs GG: Overall P = .684, OR = 1.06, CI = 0.80-1.39; Asians P = .240, OR = 1.47, CI = 0.77-2.78; Caucasians P = .923, OR = 0.99, CI = 0.85-1.16). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest no association between the MTHFD1 1958G > A variant and NSCLP. Additional well-designed studies are needed to better understand the role of MTHFD1 polymorphisms in the etiopathogenesis of NSCLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas R Purohit
- Department of Zoology, 28718Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | | | - Henu Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Biology and Disease, 518741Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, 85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, 28718Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Syed A Hussain
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Verma HK, Bhaskar LVKS. SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with pre-existing liver disease: Further research is warranted. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7855-7858. [PMID: 34963747 PMCID: PMC8661380 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with severe liver disease who have been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (coronavirus disease 2019) frequently develop acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure, with a high mortality rate, as a result of the hyper-proinflammatory state known as the cytokine storm. Clinicians must recognize cytokine storms earlier to avoid intensive care admission and multi-organ damage, a critical life-threatening condition with prognostic and therapeutic implications
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Affiliation(s)
- Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of lungs Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Neuherberg 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - LVKS Bhaskar
- Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495001, Chhattisgarh, India
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Shao T, Verma HK, Pande B, Costanzo V, Ye W, Cai Y, Bhaskar LVKS. Physical Activity and Nutritional Influence on Immune Function: An Important Strategy to Improve Immunity and Health Status. Front Physiol 2021; 12:751374. [PMID: 34690818 PMCID: PMC8531728 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.751374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and nutrition are the essential components of a healthy lifestyle, as they can influence energy balance, promote functional ability of various systems and improve immunity. Infections and their associated symptoms are the common and frequent challenges to human health that are causing severe economic and social consequences around the world. During aging, human immune system undergoes dramatic aging-related changes/dysfunctions known as immunosenescence. Clinically, immunosenescence refers to the gradual deterioration of immune system that increases exposure to infections, and reduces vaccine efficacy. Such phenomenon is linked to impaired immune responses that lead to dysfunction of multiple organs, while lack of physical activity, progressive loss of muscle mass, and concomitant decline in muscle strength facilitate immunosenescence and inflammation. In the present review, we have discussed the role of nutrition and PA, which can boost the immune system alone and synergistically. Evidence suggests that long-term PA is beneficial in improving immune system and preventing various infections. We have further discussed several nutritional strategies for improving the immune system. Unfortunately, the available evidence shows conflicting results. In terms of interaction with food intake, PA does not tend to increase energy intake during a short time course. However, overcoming nutritional deficiencies appears to be the most practical recommendation. Through the balanced nutritious diet intake one can fulfill the bodily requirement of optimal nutrition that significantly impacts the immune system. Supplementation of a single nutrient as food is generally not advisable. Rather incorporating various fruits and vegetables, whole grains, proteins and probiotics may ensure adequate nutrient intake. Therefore, multi-nutrient supplements may benefit people having deficiency in spite of sufficient diet. Along with PA, supplementation of probiotics, bovine colostrum, plant-derived products and functional foods may provide additional benefits in improving the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Shao
- College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of lungs Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur, India
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Weibing Ye
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yuyan Cai
- Department of Physical Education, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
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14
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Ghanta MK, Merchant N, Bhaskar LVKS. A Review On Hematopoietic Stem Cell Treatment For Epilepsy. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:644-656. [PMID: 33602111 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210218085816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy responds to pharmacotherapy in its initial stages. The response of some forms of epilepsy like the refractory epilepsy is extremely low. Surgical management of epilepsy is associated with complications, which necessitates the search for novel and modern strategies for the treatment of epilepsy. Neuroprotection and neuronal regeneration are the major targets that must be accomplished by the new strategies. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) therapy for epilepsy has shown promising results in pre-clinical studies with marginal clinical effects. This review explores the characteristics, mechanism of action, and clinical significance of HSCs therapy for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Krishna Ghanta
- Department of Pharmacology, MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Hoskote-562 114, Karnataka. India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322. United States
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur. India
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15
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Chen B, Yadav M, Mulkalwar M, Saikrishna L, Verma H, Ye W, Bhaskar LVKS. Meta-Analysis on the Association of Neuropeptide Y rs16139 Variant With the Risk of Alcoholism. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:737440. [PMID: 34777047 PMCID: PMC8583313 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The neuropeptide-Y (NPY) is involved in the development of alcoholism through NPY receptors. A T>C mutation causes substitution of leucine to proline at codon 7 (L7P; rs16139) in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y is known to cause a 42% increase in plasma NPY levels. Studies that analyzed the association between NPY rs16139 and alcoholism risk did not demonstrate conclusive evidence for this relationship. The present study aims to evaluate the association between NPY gene rs16139 variant and alcohol dependence. Method: An electronic search of databases including PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to retrieve studies investigating the association between NPY rs16139 and alcoholism. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated in allelic and dominant genetic models. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were assessed in our meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted using the MetaGenyo web tool. Result: Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (p < 0.001). Our results have shown that there is no significant association between NPY rs16139 variant and the risk of alcoholism in allelic (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.70-1.38, p = 0.921) and dominant models (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.69-1.40, p = 0.919). Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test have not shown publication bias (p = 0.332). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that evaluates the relationship between the NPY rs16139 polymorphism and the risk of alcoholism. Our large-scale meta-analysis suggests that NPY rs16139 polymorphism is not associated with alcoholism. However, further studies are needed to increase our understanding of the relationship between NPY variants in alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqing Chen
- Department of Sports Operation and Management, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Manish Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Madhubala Mulkalwar
- Department of Pathology, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences (SSIMS), Bhilai, India
| | | | - Henu Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Weibing Ye
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
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16
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Ghanta MK, Khan AKA, Bhaskar LVKS. Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications of Cardiac Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncog 2021; 26:1-10. [PMID: 33641280 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2020036305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HC) is a malignant primary liver cancer which has poor treatment outcomes in advanced stages, and many of the HC patients present with advanced stages. The incidence of death due to HC increase as a result of ineffective treatments for advanced stage disease. Early diagnosis and management has proven benefits in both survival and quality of life. Currently very few biomarkers are available to provide diagnostic and prognostic benefits in HC patients. The present review elaborates the association of cardiac markers in HC disease. The HC disease pathology includes many cardiovascular events like hypoxia and other parameters discussed in this review which have a role in disease advancement, and also may help as diagnostic and / or prognostic markers. The scientific lacuna in association / role of cardiac markers in HC disease is also stated in this review which may be helpful for future research studies and develop cost effective biomarker for early diagnosis of HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Krishna Ghanta
- Department of Pharmacology, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bangalore-562114, Karnataka, India
| | - Afzal Khan Akbar Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bangalore-562114, Karnataka, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Gurughasidas University, Bilaspur, India
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17
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Verma HK, Merchant N, Verma MK, Kuru Cİ, Singh AN, Ulucan F, Verma P, Bhattacharya A, Bhaskar LVKS. Current updates on the European and WHO registered clinical trials of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Biomed J 2020; 43:424-433. [PMID: 32792167 PMCID: PMC7380255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major public health concern currently. To date, there are no approved antiviral drugs or vaccines against this transmissible disease. This report sheds light on available information for a better understanding of clinical trials and pharmacotherapy related to COVID-19. MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus databases, Web of Science, WHO, and EU clinical trial sites were used to perform comparative analysis. Information was collected on the use of therapeutic agents for human therapy in patients with COVID-19 up to May 2020. We have extracted data from 60 clinical trials. Amongst these trials, 34 were from the European Union database of clinical trials and 26 from the National Institute of Health. The data selection procedure includes active, completed, and recruitment in progress status. Most of the clinical trials are ongoing and hence, there is a lack of precise results for the treatment.There is a lack of high-quality clinical evidence. The protocol to be developed requires large randomized clinical trials with a combination of available drugs and prospective therapies. We propose the usage of a large number of cases and different statistical analyses to conduct systematic clinical trials. This could provide comprehensive information about the clinical trial and potential therapeutic progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henu Kumar Verma
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Cansu İlke Kuru
- Ege University Faculty of Science and Buca Municipality Kızılçullu Science and Art Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Fulden Ulucan
- Department of Bioengineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Poonam Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, IFTM University, Moradabad, India
| | - Antaripa Bhattacharya
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, India.
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18
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Bhaskar LVKS, Roshan B, Nasri H. The Fuzzy Connection between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Loss of Renal Function. Am J Nephrol 2020; 51:572-573. [PMID: 32599598 PMCID: PMC7360496 DOI: 10.1159/000508087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Bijan Roshan
- Division of Nephrology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hamid Nasri
- Department of Nephropathology, Nickan Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran,
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19
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Verma HK, Farran B, Bhaskar LVKS. Convalescent plasma transfusion a promising therapy for coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19): current updates. Antib Ther 2020; 3:115-125. [PMID: 33912791 PMCID: PMC7314270 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbaa010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While there is no proven treatment available for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), convalescent plasma (CP) may provide therapeutic relief as the number of cases escalate steeply world-wide. At the time of writing this review, vaccines, monoclonal antibodies or drugs are still lacking for the recent large COVID-19 outbreak, which restores the interest in CP as an empirical life-saving treatment. However, formal proof of efficacy is needed. The purpose of this review is to summarize all historical clinical trials on COVID-19 infected patients treated with CP to provide precise evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of CP therapy in severe COVID-19 patients. Although there are many clinical trials in progress, high-quality clinical evidence is still lacking to analyze the existing problems. Meanwhile, based on the previous successful outcomes, we recommend healthcare systems to use CP therapy cautiously in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henu Kumar Verma
- Stem Cell Lab Institute of Endocrinology and Oncology, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Batoul Farran
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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20
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Vinothkumar V, Arun K, Arunkumar G, Revathidevi S, Ramani R, Bhaskar LVKS, Murugan AK, Munirajan AK. Association between functional TERT promoter polymorphism rs2853669 and cervical cancer risk in South Indian women. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 12:485-494. [PMID: 32257207 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2853669 (A>G) in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter has recently been reported in chr5:1,295,349 T>C (T349C), and was shown to be associated with increased cancer risk and poor survival in a specific population. However, at present, the role of this particular SNP with TERT promoter driver mutations and its genetic association with human papilloma virus (HPV) in patients with cervical cancer has not been determined. In the present study, the genetic association of the functional SNP rs2853669 in the presence/absence of TERT promoter hotspot mutations and HPV in patients with cervical cancer of South Indian origin was evaluated. To understand and compare the frequency of the variant allele and its risk association in different cancer types of various populations, the SNP was genotyped in 257 cervical cancer samples and 295 controls, and its associations with TERT promoter hotspot mutations and HPV were analyzed. Furthermore, an extensive search of previously published articles in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science was conducted; a meta-analysis was carried out to elucidate the association of the SNP with different cancer types in global populations. The SNP analysis showed significantly high frequency (41%) of homozygous variant allele rs2853669 (GG) in patients with cervical cancer compared with control samples [Recessive allele model odds ratio (OR)=1.71; 95% CI=1.20-2.43; P=0.003]. No significant interaction was observed between the TERT SNP rs2853669 and HPV status as well as other hotspot TERT promoter (C228T and C250T) mutations determined in our previous study. In addition, the overall meta-analysis revealed a significant association of the SNP rs2853669 with other cancer types in different ethnic populations (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.03-1.16; P=0.004). The present results suggested that the TERT SNP rs2853669 could play an important role in the risk of cervical cancer in a South Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilvanathan Vinothkumar
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Kanagaraj Arun
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Ganesan Arunkumar
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Sundaramoorthy Revathidevi
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Rajendren Ramani
- Institute of Social Obstetrics and Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital for Women and Children, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600005, India
| | | | - Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
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Akhavan Sepahi M, Bhaskar LVKS, Tolouian A, Tolouian R. Apolipoprotein L1 associated nephropathy; an overview. J Renal Inj Prev 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jrip.2019.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) have been recognized as a risk factor for kidney disease in people of African ancestry. APOL1 mediate renal damage in podocytes through necrosis, apoptosis and pyroptosis processes. APOL1 gene contains G1 and G2 alleles that mediate in increasing risk of renal disorders in African Americans. People who carry APOL1 risk alleles have a three to four-fold increase risk for non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD), Idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Therefore, identifying genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of renal disorders, including APOL1 risk variants, may help to improve our understanding of kidney problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine and Pediatric Clinical Research of Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - LVKS Bhaskar
- Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur (CG), India
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, 495009 (CG), India
| | - Audrey Tolouian
- The University of Texas at El Paso, School of Nursing, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Ramin Tolouian
- Division of Nephrology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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22
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Shukla P, Verma H, Patel S, Patra PK, Bhaskar LVKS. Reply to comment on: "Ocular manifestations of sickle cell disease and genetic susceptibility for refractive errors". Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2018; 8:56-57. [PMID: 29676405 PMCID: PMC5890588 DOI: 10.4103/2211-5056.226191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Palak Shukla
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Henu Verma
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Santosh Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - P K Patra
- Department of Biochemistry, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, India
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23
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Shukla P, Verma H, Patel S, Patra PK, Bhaskar LVKS. Ocular manifestations of sickle cell disease and genetic susceptibility for refractive errors. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2017; 7:89-93. [PMID: 29018763 PMCID: PMC5602154 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common and serious form of an inherited blood disorder that lead to higher risk of early mortality. SCD patients are at high risk for developing multiorgan acute and chronic complications linked with significant morbidity and mortality. Some of the ophthalmological complications of SCD include retinal changes, refractive errors, vitreous hemorrhage, and abnormalities of the cornea. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study includes 96 SCD patients. A dilated comprehensive eye examination was performed to know the status of retinopathy. Refractive errors were measured in all patients. In patients with >10 years of age, cycloplegia was not performed before autorefractometry. A subset of fifty patients' genotyping was done for NOS3 27-base pair (bp) variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) and IL4 intron-3 VNTR polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-electrophoresis. Chi-square test was performed to test the association between the polymorphisms and refractive errors. RESULTS The results of the present study revealed that 63.5% of patients have myopia followed by 19.8% hyperopia. NOS3 27-bp VNTR genotypes significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.0001). Although IL4 70-bp VNTR increased the risk of developing refractive errors, it is not statistically significant. However, NOS3 27-bp VNTR significantly reduced the risk of development of myopia. CONCLUSION In summary, our study documents the prevalence of refractive errors along with some retinal changes in Indian SCD patients. Further, this study demonstrates that the NOS3 VNTR contributes to the susceptibility to development of myopia in SCD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Shukla
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Henu Verma
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Santosh Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - P K Patra
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Research Division, Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Verma H, Mishra H, Khodiar PK, Patra PK, Bhaskar LVKS. NOS3 27-bp and IL4 70-bp VNTR Polymorphisms Do Not Contribute to the Risk of Sickle Cell Crisis. Turk J Haematol 2016; 33:365-366. [PMID: 27400089 PMCID: PMC5204202 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2016.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Division of Research, Raipur, India, E-mail:
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25
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Lavu V, Venkatesan V, Bhaskar LVKS, Priyanka V, Kumarasamy P, Durairaj Paul SF, Rao SR. Polymorphic Regions in Fc Gamma Receptor and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Genes and Susceptibility to Chronic Periodontitis in a Cohort From South India. J Periodontol 2016; 87:914-22. [PMID: 27063995 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in the immunoglobulin G Fc receptor II (FcGR) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA) genes are known to influence pathogenesis and severity of several inflammatory conditions. Association of FcGR and TNFA gene polymorphisms with chronic periodontitis (CP) susceptibility has been found to be diverse among different ethnic populations. Objectives of the present study are to determine association of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FcGR and TNF-α genes with CP susceptibility in a cohort from South India. METHODS Polymorphisms of: 1) FCGR2A 131His/Arg (rs1801274); 2) FCGR2B 232Ile/Thr (rs1050501); 3) TNFA -1031T/C (rs1799964); and 4) TNFA -863C/A (rs1800630) were analyzed among patients with healthy gingiva (n = 176) and patients with CP (n = 177). Genotyping was performed using allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Association between CP and SNPs was examined by multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for: 1) age; 2) sex; and 3) oral hygiene index (OHI). Epistatic interaction between FcGR polymorphisms and interleukin 1B (IL1B) +3954C/T (rs1143634) was assessed using multifactorial dimensionality reduction analysis. RESULTS Among four SNPs analyzed, only FCGR2A 131His/Arg showed significant association with CP in a dominant model (odds ratio: 1.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.028 to 2.530). This significance disappeared after correcting for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni analysis, or after adjusting for age, sex, and OHI. A significant redundant interaction between IL1B +3954 C/T and FCGR2A 131His/Arg was observed. CONCLUSION Study results suggest the variant form of the SNP in FCGR2A 131His/Arg, FCGR2B 232Ile/Thr, TNFA -1031T/C, and TNFA -863C/A are not associated with CP susceptibility in the selected cohort from South India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Lavu
- Department of Periodontology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Venugopal Priyanka
- Department of Periodontology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | - P Kumarasamy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Suresh Ranga Rao
- Department of Periodontology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
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Carlus SJ, Abdallah AM, Bhaskar LVKS, Morsy MM, Al-Harbi GS, Al-Mazroea AH, Al-Harbi KM. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with mitral valve rheumatic heart disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:109-114. [PMID: 26813460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a serious complication of rheumatic fever (RF). Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels are increased in RHD patients. MTHFR catalyzes the irreversible conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and plays a vital role in Hcy metabolism. We hypothesize that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with a risk of RHD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty-six patients with RHD and 130 matched controls without a history of RHD were eligible for the study. The diagnosis of RHD was made according to modified Jones' criteria and echocardiography. Using echocardiography, RHD patients were further divided into mitral valve lesion (MVL) and combined valve lesion (CVL) groups. MTHFR C677T polymorphisms were genotyped by DNA sequencing. The chi-squared test was used to evaluate differences in genotypes. RESULTS Control genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The C677T homozygous genotype (OR = 4.09; 95% CIs 1.16-14.44; p = 0.020) and recessive model (TT vs. CC+CT; OR = 4.05; 95% CIs 1.17-14.04; p = 0.019) were significantly associated with MVL RHD. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to investigate the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of RHD. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with RHD in patients with MVLs, perhaps via an Hcy-mediated cytokine effect.
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Abhinand PA, Shaikh F, Bhakat S, Radadiya A, Bhaskar LVKS, Shah A, Ragunath PK. Insights on the structural perturbations in human MTHFR Ala222Val mutant by protein modeling and molecular dynamics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:892-905. [PMID: 26273990 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1057866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) protein catalyzes the only biochemical reaction which produces methyltetrahydrofolate, the active form of folic acid essential for several molecular functions. The Ala222Val polymorphism of human MTHFR encodes a thermolabile protein associated with increased risk of neural tube defects and cardiovascular disease. Experimental studies have shown that the mutation does not affect the kinetic properties of MTHFR, but inactivates the protein by increasing flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) loss. The lack of completely solved crystal structure of MTHFR is an impediment in understanding the structural perturbations caused by the Ala222Val mutation; computational modeling provides a suitable alternative. The three-dimensional structure of human MTHFR protein was obtained through homology modeling, by taking the MTHFR structures from Escherichia coli and Thermus thermophilus as templates. Subsequently, the modeled structure was docked with FAD using Glide, which revealed a very good binding affinity, authenticated by a Glide XP score of -10.3983 (kcal mol(-1)). The MTHFR was mutated by changing Alanine 222 to Valine. The wild-type MTHFR-FAD complex and the Ala222Val mutant MTHFR-FAD complex were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation over 50 ns period. The average difference in backbone root mean square deviation (RMSD) between wild and mutant variant was found to be ~.11 Å. The greater degree of fluctuations in the mutant protein translates to increased conformational stability as a result of mutation. The FAD-binding ability of the mutant MTHFR was also found to be significantly lowered as a result of decreased protein grip caused by increased conformational flexibility. The study provides insights into the Ala222Val mutation of human MTHFR that induces major conformational changes in the tertiary structure, causing a significant reduction in the FAD-binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Abhinand
- a Department of Bioinformatics , Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai 600 116 , India
| | - Faraz Shaikh
- b Center for Excellence, National Facility for Drug Discovery Complex, Department of Chemistry , Saurashtra University , Rajkot , Gujarat , India
| | - Soumendranath Bhakat
- d Division of Biophysical Chemistry , Lund University , P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Ashish Radadiya
- b Center for Excellence, National Facility for Drug Discovery Complex, Department of Chemistry , Saurashtra University , Rajkot , Gujarat , India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- c Department of Biomedical Sciences , Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai 600 116 , India
| | - Anamik Shah
- b Center for Excellence, National Facility for Drug Discovery Complex, Department of Chemistry , Saurashtra University , Rajkot , Gujarat , India
| | - P K Ragunath
- a Department of Bioinformatics , Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai 600 116 , India
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Murthy J, Venkatesh Babu G, Bhaskar LVKS. TYMS gene 5'- and 3'-untranslated region polymorphisms and risk of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in an Indian population. J Biomed Res 2015; 29:337-9. [PMID: 26243522 PMCID: PMC4547384 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.29.20140140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Murthy
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | - G Venkatesh Babu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.
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Vishnuprabu D, Geetha S, Bhaskar LVKS, Mahapatra NR, Munirajan AK. Genotyping and meta-analysis of KIF6 Trp719Arg polymorphism in South Indian Coronary Artery Disease patients: A case-control study. Meta Gene 2015; 5:129-34. [PMID: 26236646 PMCID: PMC4513186 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The KIF6 719Arg allele is an interesting genomic variant widely screened in various populations and is reported to be associated with the risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and statin treatment outcome. Recent population based clinical studies and large-scale meta-analyses pondered over the role of 719Arg variant in CAD risk and treatment response. We screened the KIF6 Trp719Arg polymorphism (rs20455) in south Indian CAD patients in a case–control approach. A total of 1042 samples (510 CAD patients and 532 controls) were screened for the KIF6 Trp719Arg SNP by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, followed by meta-analysis of the genotype data of non-Europeans reports. The 719Arg risk genotype (GG) was observed in 29.6% of CAD cases and in 30.1% of controls with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.76–1.50), p value = 0.709. No significant difference in the genotype frequency was observed between CAD and controls in both dominant model (AG + GG vs AA) and allelic model (719Arg vs 719Trp) with an OR of 1.11 (p = 0.491) and 1.03 (p = 0.767), respectively. The covariate analysis indicated that smoking & alcohol consumption increased the risk for MI among CAD patients. Meta-analysis showed that the KIF6 719Arg allele is not associated with CAD risk in both fixed effect (p = 0.515, OR = 1.023, 95% CI = 0.956–1.094) and random effect (p = 0.547, OR = 1.022, 95% CI = 0.953–1.096). The symmetrical shape of the Egger's funnel plots revealed that there is no publication bias. These results suggest that there is no association of KIF6 719Arg allele with CAD risk in South Indian population and the meta-analysis confirms the same among non-European population. First study to screen for KIF6Trp719Arg SNP in south Indian population KIF6Arg variant is not a risk factor for south Indian CAD patients. Meta-analysis showed no association of KIF6Arg allele in non-European CAD populations. Smoking and alcoholic status were strong risk factors for MI; whereas KIF6 status is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durairajpandian Vishnuprabu
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, India
| | - Subramanian Geetha
- Department of Cardiology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Chennai 600 003, India
| | | | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, 600 036, India
| | - Arasambattu K Munirajan
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, India
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Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Kumar KP, Pardhasaradhi G, Singh L, Rao VR. Association between neuropeptide Y gene polymorphisms and alcohol dependence: a case-control study in two independent populations. Eur Addict Res 2013; 19:307-13. [PMID: 23652361 DOI: 10.1159/000346679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol dependence is a chronic, progressive neurobiological brain disorder. Previous research reported an inverse association between ethanol drinking and cerebral neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels. There are conflicting results of studies on NPY gene polymorphisms in association with alcohol dependence in humans. METHODS To assess the role of the NPY gene in alcohol dependence, we genotyped three polymorphisms--in a sample of 195 subjects from the Kota population (80 alcohol dependence and 115 controls) and 141 subjects from the Badaga population (80 alcohol dependence and 61 controls). Phenotype was defined based on the DSM-IV criteria. Genotyping was performed using sequencing. Association of the NPY gene with alcohol dependence was tested by using logistic regression and haplotype analyses and linkage disequilibrium. RESULTS All three polymorphisms were found to be in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both populations. The results of our study reveal a significant association between G1258A and alcohol dependence in both the Kota and Badaga populations. The linkage disequilibrium between the markers is not strong or significant. Haplotype analysis also did not show significant association between the NPY gene and alcohol dependence. CONCLUSION These data support the hypothesis that alcohol dependence is influenced by the NPY G1258A polymorphism in Indian populations.
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Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Wasnik S, Singh L, Raghavendra Rao V. Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) VNTR Polymorphism and Alcoholism in Two Culturally Different Populations of South India. Am J Addict 2012; 21:343-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Balaji L, Singh KB, Bhaskar LVKS. CYP1A1 genotypes and haplotypes and risk of oral cancer: A case-control study in South Indians. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:407-12. [PMID: 22888287 PMCID: PMC3389526 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012005000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The CYP1A1 gene encodes for the enzyme, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, which is involved in the biotransformation of various aromatic tobacco precarcinogens. In the present study, the association between CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms (IVS1-728G > A, Thr461Asn and Ile462Val), and the risk of oral cancer, was examined among 157 patients with oral cancer and 132 age-matched controls, in a south Indian population. The strength of the association between CYP1A1 variants and oral cancer was estimated by logistic regression. It was found that Thr461Asn was not polymorphic. Both IVS1-728G > A and Ile462Val frequencies were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control group. There were no significant differences in genotype or haplotype frequencies between controls and cases with oral cancer. Hence, CYP1A1 SNPs can be considered as not being associated with oral cancer at either the genotype or haplotype levels in the population studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Balaji
- Department of Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
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Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Patel M, Shah AM, Gopal K, Saikrishna L, Tamang R, Singh L, Rao VR. EPHX1 gene polymorphisms in alcohol dependence and their distribution among the Indian populations. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2012; 39:16-22. [PMID: 22257321 DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2011.643991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microsomal epoxide hydrolase is a phase II enzyme of the biotransformation. The human epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1) gene lies in the chromosomal region 1q42.1 and exhibits polymorphism. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been described in the coding region of the EPHX1 gene that produces two protein variants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 604 samples belonging to 13 Indian populations were included in this study. Based on the DSM-IV criteria, 184 individuals from Kota population were classified into alcoholism cases (100) and controls (84). Genotypes of Tyr113His and His139Arg polymorphisms in the EPHX1 gene were determined using PCR and sequencing. Associations were tested using Pearson's χ(2) test and haplotype analyses. RESULTS We found significant association between EPHX1 gene Tyr113His polymorphism and alcoholism in the Kota population (T vs. C: OR = .615, 95% CI = .399-.949, p = .027; TT vs. CC + CT: OR = .536, 95% CI = .297-.969, p = .038). The very slow activity haplotype CA (113His-139His) was also found to be associated with alcohol dependence (p = .048). Analysis of additional populations demonstrated that the Tyr113His polymorphism significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in four populations but only one population deviated for the His139Arg locus. All populations shared the four possible two-site haplotypes. Linkage disequilibrium between these two loci was not significant in any of the population studied. CONCLUSION EPHX1 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes are associated with an increased risk for alcoholism in the Kota population. This is the first report from India that will serve as a template for future investigations of the prevalence of EPHX1 alleles in association with various clinical entities.
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Balaji L, Krishna BS, Bhaskar LVKS. An unlikely role for the NAT2 genotypes and haplotypes in the oral cancer of south Indians. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 57:513-8. [PMID: 22137356 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) enzyme detoxifies a wide spectrum of naturally occurring xenobiotics including carcinogens and drugs. Acetylation catalysed by the NAT2 is an important process in metabolic activation of arylamines to electrophilic intermediates that initiate carcinogenesis. Polymorphism in N-acetyltransferase 2 gene was reported to be associated with the susceptibility of various cancers. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to determine whether there is any association between the susceptibility to oral cancer amongst the variations of NAT2 genotypes. DESIGN This study was carried out in 157 patients with oral cancer. The control group consisted of 132 healthy volunteers. The most common polymorphisms rs1799929, rs1799930 and rs1799931 on the NAT2 gene were screened for the genotypes using TaqMan allelic discrimination. RESULTS All the three SNPs were polymorphic with minor allele frequency of 0.339, 0.372 and 0.061 for rs1799929, rs1799930 and rs1799931, respectively. None of the polymorphic site deviated from HWE in controls. There were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies of three SNPs between controls and cases with oral cancer. Risk of oral cancer development for the carriers of the individual deduced phenotypes was also not statistically significant. Of the 3 studied polymorphisms, 2 were in strong LD and form one haplotype block. None of the haplotype had shown significant association with the oral cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study concludes that the NAT2 genotypes, phenotypes and haplotypes are not involved in the susceptibility to oral cancer in South Indian subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Balaji
- Department of Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
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Shah AM, Tamang R, Moorjani P, Rani DS, Govindaraj P, Kulkarni G, Bhattacharya T, Mustak MS, Bhaskar LVKS, Reddy AG, Gadhvi D, Gai PB, Chaubey G, Patterson N, Reich D, Tyler-Smith C, Singh L, Thangaraj K. Indian Siddis: African descendants with Indian admixture. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:154-61. [PMID: 21741027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 05/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Siddis (Afro-Indians) are a tribal population whose members live in coastal Karnataka, Gujarat, and in some parts of Andhra Pradesh. Historical records indicate that the Portuguese brought the Siddis to India from Africa about 300-500 years ago; however, there is little information about their more precise ancestral origins. Here, we perform a genome-wide survey to understand the population history of the Siddis. Using hundreds of thousands of autosomal markers, we show that they have inherited ancestry from Africans, Indians, and possibly Europeans (Portuguese). Additionally, analyses of the uniparental (Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA) markers indicate that the Siddis trace their ancestry to Bantu speakers from sub-Saharan Africa. We estimate that the admixture between the African ancestors of the Siddis and neighboring South Asian groups probably occurred in the past eight generations (∼200 years ago), consistent with historical records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish M Shah
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Hyderabad, India
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Abstract
Several independent lines of evidence for genetic contributions to vulnerability to alcoholism exist. Dopamine is thought to play a major role in the mechanism of reward and reinforcement in response to alcohol. D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene has been among the stronger candidate genes implicated in alcoholism. In this study, alcohol use was assessed in 196 randomly selected Kota individuals of Nilgiri Hills, South India. Six DRD2 SNPs were assessed in 81 individuals with alcoholism and 151 controls to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and alcoholism. Of the three models (dominant, recessive, and additive) tested for association between alcoholism and DRD2 SNPs, only the additive model shows association for three loci (rs1116313, TaqID, and rs2734835). Of six studied polymorphisms, five are in strong linkage disequilibrium forming onesingle haplotype block. Though the global haplotype analysis with these five SNPs was not significant, haplotype analysis using all six SNPs yielded a global P value of .033, even after adjusting for age. These findings support the importance of dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms in alcoholism. Further studies to replicate these findings in different populations are needed to confirm these results.
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Balaji L, Singh KB, Bhaskar LVKS. Genetic polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene do not contribute to oral cancer susceptibility in south Indians. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2011; 12:1523-1527. [PMID: 22126492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a super family of mixed-function oxidases that are responsible for the human metabolism of drugs and endogenous compounds, as well as environmental and dietary substances. Many CYP enzymes function in the liver, but presence of CYP2E1 in the brain is demonstrating its role in both nicotine and ethanol metabolism. To examine the association between CYP2E1 polymorphism and the risk of oral cancer, we performed a case-control study on a south Indian population. 157 patients with oral cancer and 132 age and sexmatched controls were recruited. Three SNPs of the CYP2E1 gene [4768G>A (p. V179I, dbSNP rs6413419), CYP2E1-1295G>C (dbSNP rs3813867) and CYP2E1_-1055C>T (dbSNP rs2031920)] were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination. The V179I locus is monomorphic in the study subjects, whereas rs3813867 and rs2031920 are co-inherited with a minor allele frequency of 0.022. None of the polymorphic sites deviated from HWE in controls. A much lesser frequency of the uncommon c2 allele was seen in our control subjects than in Caucasians and East Asians. There were no significant differences between oral cancer and controls in the distribution of either allelic or genotype frequencies. None of the haplotypes showed a significant association with oral cancer. Our results suggest that CYP2E1 is not a major or independent determinant in the pathogenesis of oral cancer in south Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Balaji
- Department of Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Hospital, and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
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Thangaraj K, Chaubey G, Kivisild T, Selvi Rani D, Singh VK, Ismail T, Carvalho-Silva D, Metspalu M, Bhaskar LVKS, Reddy AG, Chandra S, Pande V, Prathap Naidu B, Adarsh N, Verma A, Jyothi IA, Mallick CB, Shrivastava N, Devasena R, Kumari B, Singh AK, Dwivedi SKD, Singh S, Rao G, Gupta P, Sonvane V, Kumari K, Basha A, Bhargavi KR, Lalremruata A, Gupta AK, Kaur G, Reddy KK, Rao AP, Villems R, Tyler-Smith C, Singh L. Maternal footprints of Southeast Asians in North India. Hum Hered 2008; 66:1-9. [PMID: 18223312 DOI: 10.1159/000114160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed 7,137 samples from 125 different caste, tribal and religious groups of India and 99 samples from three populations of Nepal for the length variation in the COII/tRNA(Lys) region of mtDNA. Samples showing length variation were subjected to detailed phylogenetic analysis based on HVS-I and informative coding region sequence variation. The overall frequencies of the 9-bp deletion and insertion variants in South Asia were 1.9 and 0.6%, respectively. We have also defined a novel deep-rooting haplogroup M43 and identified the rare haplogroup H14 in Indian populations carrying the 9-bp deletion by complete mtDNA sequencing. Moreover, we redefined haplogroup M6 and dissected it into two well-defined subclades. The presence of haplogroups F1 and B5a in Uttar Pradesh suggests minor maternal contribution from Southeast Asia to Northern India. The occurrence of haplogroup F1 in the Nepalese sample implies that Nepal might have served as a bridge for the flow of eastern lineages to India. The presence of R6 in the Nepalese, on the other hand, suggests that the gene flow between India and Nepal has been reciprocal.
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Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Shah AM, Pardhasaradhi G, Praveen Kumar K, Reddy AG, Papa Rao A, Mulligan CJ, Singh L, Rao VR. Allelic variation in the NPY gene in 14 Indian populations. J Hum Genet 2007; 52:592-598. [PMID: 17554476 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-007-0158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 05/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
NPY is a 36-aminoacid peptide expressed in several areas of the nervous system. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors represent a widely diffused system that is involved in the regulation of multiple biological functions. The human NPY gene is located in chromosome 7. The functional significance of coding Leu7Pro polymorphism in the signal peptide of preproNPY is known. Six hundred and fifty four individuals of 14 ethnic Indian populations were screened for three mutations in the NPY gene, including Leu7Pro. We found that the Pro7 frequencies among the studied populations were much higher than in previous studies from other parts of the world. The highest allele frequency of Pro7 was detected in the Kota population in the Nilgiri Hill region of south India, and this may reflect a founder event in the past or genetic drift. All populations followed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the assayed markers. A total of five haplotypes were observed, only two of which were found to occur with a high frequency in all populations. No linkage disequilibrium (LD) was observed across the tested alleles in any population with the exception of Leu7Pro and Ser50Ser in the Badaga population (chi(2) = 13.969; p = 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Thangaraj
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anish M Shah
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - A G Reddy
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Papa Rao
- Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - C J Mulligan
- Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Florida, USA
| | - Lalji Singh
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - V R Rao
- Anthropological Survey of India, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata, 700016, India.
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Rao VR, Bhaskar LVKS, Annapurna C, Reddy AG, Thangaraj K, Rao AP, Singh L. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in alcohol dehydrogenase genes among some Indian populations. Am J Hum Biol 2007; 19:338-44. [PMID: 17421009 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven ADH genes, identified until now, located in the long arm of human chromosome 4, produce seven different isozymes involved in the metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde. Of the more than 500 SNPs reported in the coding and non-coding regions of these genes in the world databases, 11 are more extensively studied. Three SNPs, ADH1B Arg47His (Exon3), ADH1B Arg369Cys (Exon9) and ADH1C Val349Ile (Exon8), are functionally validated in terms of phenotype-genotype correlations and are in specific linkage disequilibrium (LD) with non-coding SNPs. However, the frequency of each SNP and configuration of LD varies among populations. The Indian populations studied were conspicuous by the complete absence of African specific allele ADH1B*369Cys, the negligible frequency of East Asian specific ADH1B*47His allele and the presence of a novel SNP ADH1B A3529G (Intron3). The ADH1C*349Ile was the only functional allele polymorphic with a strong LD block in all the populations studied and the high F(st) value observed for the non-coding ADH1B Rsa1 variant was in conformity with world populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Rao
- Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata, India
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