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Zykova MV, Bratishko KA, Buyko EE, Azarkina LA, Ivanov VV, Mihalyov DA, Trofimova ES, Danilets MG, Ligacheva AA, Konstantinov AI, Ufandeev AA, Rabtsevich ES, Drygunova LA, Zima AP, Bashirov SR, Udut EV, Belousov MV. Coal-Derived Humic Substances: Insight into Chemical Structure Parameters and Biomedical Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:1530. [PMID: 38611808 PMCID: PMC11013056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An investigation was carried out on humic substances (HSs) isolated from the coal of the Kansk-Achinsk basin (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia). The coal HSs demonstrate the main parameters of molecular structure inherent to this class of natural compounds. An assessment was performed for the chemical, microbiological, and pharmacological safety parameters, as well as the biological efficacy. The HS sample meets the safety requirements in microbiological purity, toxic metals content (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic), and radionuclides. The presence of 11 essential elements was determined. The absence of general, systemic toxicity, cytotoxicity, and allergenic properties was demonstrated. The coal HS sample was classified as a Class V hazard (low danger substances). High antioxidant and antiradical activities and immunotropic and cytoprotective properties were identified. The ability of the HS to inhibit hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals was revealed. Pronounced actoprotective and nootropic activities were also demonstrated in vivo. Intragastric administration of the HS sample resulted in the improvement of physical parameters in mice as assessed by the "swim exhaustion" test. Furthermore, intragastric administration in mice with cholinergic dysfunction led to a higher ability of animals with scopolamine-induced amnesia to form conditioned reflexes. These findings suggest that the studied HS sample is a safe and effective natural substance, making it suitable for use as a dietary bioactive supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Zykova
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Kristina A. Bratishko
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Evgeny E. Buyko
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Lyudmila A. Azarkina
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Vladimir V. Ivanov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Dmitrii A. Mihalyov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Evgeniya S. Trofimova
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.G.D.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Marina G. Danilets
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.G.D.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Anastasia A. Ligacheva
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.G.D.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Andrey I. Konstantinov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander A. Ufandeev
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Evgenia S. Rabtsevich
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
- Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa A. Drygunova
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Anastasia P. Zima
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Sergey R. Bashirov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Udut
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Mikhail V. Belousov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
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