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Góes LDM, Monteiro VDS, Souza ATOD. Case for diagnosis. Ulcer and papular lesions in a patient with diabete mellitus. Protothecosis. An Bras Dermatol 2021; 96:613-616. [PMID: 34266685 PMCID: PMC8441448 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protothecosis is a rare disease caused by achlorophilic algae of the genus Prototheca spp. In general, three clinical forms are observed: cutaneous, articular and systemic. The cutaneous form is the most common one. This study describes a patient with isolated erythematous papules and erythematous papular plaques in the scapular regions, with a previous histopathological diagnosis of cryptococcosis. New tests were conclusive for the diagnosis of protothecosis, caused by Prototheca wickerhamii.
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de Sá Hyacienth BM, Tavares Picanço KR, Sánchez-Ortiz BL, Barros Silva L, Matias Pereira AC, Machado Góes LD, Sousa Borges R, Cardoso Ataíde R, dos Santos CBR, de Oliveira Carvalho H, Gonzalez Anduaga GM, Navarrete A, Tavares Carvalho JC. Hydroethanolic extract from Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrecasas and its marker bergenin: Toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies in silico and in vivo on zebrafish. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:217-232. [PMID: 32042599 PMCID: PMC6997909 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
E. uchi stem bark hydroethanolic extract in zebrafish. Evaluating the in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters. Behavioral, biochemical and histopathological changes was dose dependent. In silico bergenin and its metabolites showed high intestinal absorption. Bergenin inhibited CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19.
Endopleura uchi, is used for the treatment of inflammatory disease and related to the female reproductive tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of the Endopleura uchi stem bark hydroethanolic extract (EEu) in zebrafish, emphasizing the histopathological and biochemical parameters, as well as evaluating the in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters of the phytochemical/pharmacological marker, bergenin, as their metabolites. The animals were orally treated with EEu at a single dose of 75 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg. the oral LD50 of the EEu higher to the dose of 3000 mg/kg. Behavioral, biochemical and histopathological changes were dose dependent. In silico pharmacokinetic predictions for bergenin and its metabolites showed moderate absorption in high human intestinal absorption (HIA) and Caco-2 models, reduced plasma protein binding, by low brain tissue binding and no P-glycoprotein (P-Gp) inhibition. Their metabolism is defined by the CYP450 enzyme, in addition to bergenin inhibition of CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19. In the bergenin and its metabolites in silico toxicity test it have been shown to cause carcinogenicity and a greater involvement of the bergenin with the CYP enzymes in the I and II hepatic and renal metabolism’s phases was observed. It is possible to suggest that the histopathological damages are involved with the interaction of this major compound and its metabolites at the level of the cellular-biochemical mechanisms which involve the absorption, metabolization and excretion of these possible prodrug and drug.
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Key Words
- ALT, Alanine aminotransferase
- AST, Aspartate aminotransferase
- BBB, Brain-blood partition coefficient (C.brain/C.blood)
- Bergenin
- Biotrasformation
- EEu, Endopleura uchi stem bark hydroethanolic extract
- Endopleura uchi
- HAI, Index of Histopathological Changes
- HBA, Hydrogen bonding acceptors
- HBD, Hydrogen bonding donors
- HIA, Human intestinal absorption
- Hepatoxity
- IAN, Regional Herbarium of the Eastern Amazonian Embrapa
- MM, Molecular mass
- Nephrotoxity
- P-Gp, P-glycoprotein
- PPB, Plasma protein binding
- Toxicology
- hERG, ether-a-go-related human gene
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins de Sá Hyacienth
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Legal Amazon of the BIONORTE Network, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Karyny Roberta Tavares Picanço
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Brenda Lorena Sánchez-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, Zip Code 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luciane Barros Silva
- Federal University of Amapá, Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Arlindo César Matias Pereira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Daniele Machado Góes
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Raphaelle Sousa Borges
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cardoso Ataíde
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Federal University of Amapá, Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Helison de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Gloria Melisa Gonzalez Anduaga
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, Zip Code 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrés Navarrete
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, Zip Code 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitschek Street, Marco Zero Campus, Zip Code 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Legal Amazon of the BIONORTE Network, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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