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de Siqueira Santos R, Rochael NC, Mattos TRF, Fallett E Silva MF, Linhares-Lacerda L, de Oliveira LT, Cunha MS, Mohana-Borges R, Gomes TA, Barbosa-Silva MC, Maron-Gutierrez T, Foguel D, Saraiva EM. Peripheral nervous system is injured by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) elicited by nonstructural (NS) protein-1 from Zika virus. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23126. [PMID: 37594040 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201904r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of innate immune mediators to the Zika virus (ZIKV)-induced neuroinflammation is not yet well known. Here, we investigated whether neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are scaffolds of DNA associated with proteins, have the potential to injure peripheral nervous. The tissue lesions were evaluated after adding NETs to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants and to DRG constituent cells or injecting them into mouse sciatic nerves. Identification of NET harmful components was achieved by pharmacological inhibition of NET constituents. We found that ZIKV inoculation into sciatic nerves recruited neutrophils and elicited the production of the cytokines CXCL1 and IL-1β, classical NET inducers, but did not trigger NET formation. ZIKV blocked PMA- and CXCL8-induced NET release, but, in contrast, the ZIKV nonstructural protein (NS)-1 induced NET formation. NET-enriched supernatants were toxic to DRG explants, decreasing neurite area, length, and arborization. NETs were toxic to DRG constituent cells and affected myelinating cells. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histones were identified as the harmful component of NETs. NS1 injection into mouse sciatic nerves recruited neutrophils and triggered NET release and caspase-3 activation, events that were also elicited by the injection of purified MPO. In summary, we found that ZIKV NS1 protein induces NET formation, which causes nervous tissue damages. Our findings reveal new mechanisms leading to neuroinflammation by ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael de Siqueira Santos
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natalia Cadaxo Rochael
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thayana Roberta F Mattos
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Felipe Fallett E Silva
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Teixeira de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcela Sabino Cunha
- Laboratório de Genética e Imunologia das Infecções Virais, Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tiago Araujo Gomes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Barbosa-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Foguel
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira Maria Saraiva
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Oliveira TKF, Oliveira-Silva J, Linhares-Lacerda L, da Silva Fraga-Junior V, Benjamim CF, Guimaraes-Costa AB, Saraiva EM. Leishmania infantum Axenic Amastigotes Induce Human Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Resist NET-Mediated Killing. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:336. [PMID: 37505632 PMCID: PMC10385766 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are multifaceted cells that, upon activation, release meshes of chromatin associated with different proteins, known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes induce NET release, and we have identified the signaling pathways involved in NET extrusion activated by promastigotes. Amastigotes maintain the infection in vertebrate hosts, and we have shown the association of NETs with amastigotes in human biopsies of cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, the interaction of amastigotes and neutrophils remains poorly understood. Our study aimed to characterize the pathways involved in the formation of NETs induced by axenic amastigotes from L. infantum, the causal agent of visceral leishmaniasis. Human neutrophils pretreated with signaling pathway inhibitors were incubated with amastigotes, and NET release was quantified in the culture supernatant. Amastigote viability was checked after incubation with NETs. We found that the release of NETs by neutrophils stimulated with these amastigotes requires the participation of elastase and peptidyl arginine deaminase and the involvement of PI3K, ROS, and calcium. Moreover, amastigotes are not susceptible to NET-mediated killing. Altogether, these findings improve our comprehension of the signaling pathways implicated in the interaction between amastigotes and human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamara K F Oliveira
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Jullyanna Oliveira-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei da Silva Fraga-Junior
- Laboratório de Imunologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Benjamim
- Laboratório de Imunologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Anderson B Guimaraes-Costa
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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3
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Linhares-Lacerda L, Temerozo JR, Ribeiro-Alves M, Azevedo EP, Mojoli A, Nascimento MTC, Silva-Oliveira G, Savino W, Foguel D, Bou-Habib DC, Saraiva EM. Neutrophil extracellular trap-enriched supernatants carry microRNAs able to modulate TNF-α production by macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2715. [PMID: 32066757 PMCID: PMC7026108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) emerge from the cell as a DNA scaffold associated with cytoplasmic and granular proteins, able to immobilize and kill pathogens. This association occurs following nuclear and granular membrane disintegration, allowing contact with the decondensed chromatin. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that the DNA can also mix with miRNAs and carry them in NETs. Here, we report for the first time the presence of the miRNA carriers associated with NETs and miRNAs present in NET-enriched supernatants (NET-miRs), thus adding a novel class of molecules and new proteins that can be released and transported in the NET platform. We observed that the majority of NET-miRs were common to all four stimuli used (PMA, interleukin-8, amyloid fibrils and Leishmania), and that miRNA-142-3p carried by NETs down-modulates protein kinase Cα and regulates TNF-α production in macrophages upon NET interaction with these cells. Our findings unveil a novel role for NETs in the cell communication processes, allowing the conveyance of miRNA from neutrophils to neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Jairo Ramos Temerozo
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Estefania P Azevedo
- Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Andres Mojoli
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelle T C Nascimento
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Silva-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Foguel
- Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Santucci N, Stampone R, Brandão Ferreira da Silva E, Villar S, Spinelli S, Linhares-Lacerda L, Ribeiro-Alves M, Bay ML, Bottasso O. Local Regulation of Adrenal Steroidogenesis: Subtle in vitro Effects of IL-1β on the Human Cell Line NCI-H295R Steroid Production along with Changes in MicroRNA Profile and Orphan Nuclear Receptors NR4As. Neuroimmunomodulation 2020; 27:131-141. [PMID: 33508847 DOI: 10.1159/000512325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IL-1β, a cytokine from the innate immune response, is well known for its proinflammatory effects and stimulating activity on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading to the pituitary synthesis of adrenocorticotropic hormone followed by cortisol (and dehydroepiandrosterone - DHEA) release by the adrenal gland. While IL-1β modulates the adrenal steroidogenesis at the central level, it is unclear whether it also exerts an effect on the adrenal gland. METHOD We studied the effect of IL-1β on adrenal steroid production and steroidogenic enzyme RNA expression in the human cell line NCI-H295R. We also explored eventual changes in the microRNA (miRNA) profile from IL-1β-treated NCI-H295R cells. RESULTS Transcripts encoding IL-1β receptors 1 and 2 were noticeable in the cell line, with cortisol and DHEA production showing a subtle increase after cytokine treatment. Transcripts from key enzymes in the steroidogenic pathway were analyzed, with no noticeable changes on them. The miRNA profile was modified by IL-1β treatment to an extent which bears some relationship with the regulatory mechanisms underlying adrenal steroid production. Since orphan nuclear receptors NR4As have emerged as potential key factors for coordinating inflammatory and metabolic responses, cell expression studies were also carried out to show an NR4As transcript augmentation following IL-1β treatment. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS The subtle increase in adrenal steroid production in response to IL-1β stimulation without any modification in the transcription of the steroidogenic enzymes analyzed suggests an additional inflammatory/anti-inflammatory loop, wherein NR4As receptors may participate. Besides its physiological role, this process might be implied in pathological states accompanied by an unbalanced immune-endocrine relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Santucci
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina,
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina,
| | - Rocío Stampone
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Silvina Villar
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Silvana Spinelli
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST-AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - María Luisa Bay
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Oscar Bottasso
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental Rosario (IDICER-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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5
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Linhares-Lacerda L, Granato A, Gomes-Neto JF, Conde L, Freire-de-Lima L, de Freitas EO, Freire-de-Lima CG, Coutinho Barroso SP, Jorge de Alcântara Guerra R, Pedrosa RC, Savino W, Morrot A. Circulating Plasma MicroRNA-208a as Potential Biomarker of Chronic Indeterminate Phase of Chagas Disease. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:269. [PMID: 29559958 PMCID: PMC5845676 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas cardiomyopathy is the most severe clinical manifestation of chronic Chagas disease. The disease affects most of the Latin American countries, being considered one of the leading causes of morbidity and death in the continent. The pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy is very complex, with mechanisms involving parasite-dependent cytopathy, immune-mediated myocardial damage and neurogenic disturbances. These pathological changes eventually result in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure and stroke during chronic infection phase. Herein, we show that miR-208a, a microRNA that is a key factor in promoting cardiovascular dysfunction during cardiac hypertrophy processes of heart failure, has its circulating levels increased during chronic indeterminate phase when compared to cardiac (CARD) clinical forms in patients with Chagas disease. In contrast, we have not found altered serum levels of miR-34a, a microRNA known to promote pro-apoptotic role in myocardial infarction during degenerative process of cardiac injuries thus indicating intrinsic differences in the nature of the mechanisms underlying the heart failure triggered by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Our findings support that the chronic indeterminate phase is a progressive phase involved in the genesis of chagasic cardiopathy and point out the use of plasma levels of miR-208a as candidate biomarker in risk-prediction score for the clinical prognosis of Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Granato
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Gomes-Neto
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Conde
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisangela O de Freitas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celio G Freire-de-Lima
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Shana P Coutinho Barroso
- Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Marinha do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto C Pedrosa
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Faculdade de Medicina, Centro de Pesquisas em Tuberculose, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Carvalho Barros LR, Linhares-Lacerda L, Moreira-Ramos K, Ribeiro-Alves M, Machado Motta MC, Bou-Habib DC, Savino W. HTLV-1-infected thymic epithelial cells convey the virus to CD4 + T lymphocytes. Immunobiology 2017; 222:1053-1063. [PMID: 28888743 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). CD4+T cells are the main target of HTLV-1, but other cell types are known to be infected, including immature lymphocytes. Developing T cells undergo differentiation in the thymus, through migration and interaction with the thymic microenvironment, in particular with thymic epithelial cells (TEC) the major component of this three dimensional meshwork of non-lymphoid cells. Herein, we show that TEC express the receptors for HTLV-1 and can be infected by this virus through cell-cell contact and by cell-free virus suspensions. The expression of anti-apoptosis, chemokine and adhesion molecules genes are altered in HTLV-1-infected TEC, although gene expression of antigen presentation molecules remained unchanged. Furthermore, HTLV-1-infected TEC transmitted the virus to a CD4+ T cell line and to CD4+ T cells from healthy donors, during in vitro cellular co-cultures. Altogether, our data point to the possibility that the human thymic epithelial cells play a role in the establishment and progression of HTLV-1 infection, functioning as a reservoir and transmitting the virus to maturing CD4+ T lymphocytes, which in turn will cause disease in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Rodrigues Carvalho Barros
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Brazil
| | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Brazil
| | - Klaysa Moreira-Ramos
- Alagoas State University of Health Sciences, R Jorge de Lima, 113, 57010-382 Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectology/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Machado Motta
- Hertha Meyer Laboratory of Cellular, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, R Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Brazil.
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Abstract
Trypanosomatid parasites survive and replicate in the host by using mechanisms that aim to establish a successful infection and ensure parasite survival. Evidence points to microRNAs as new players in the host-parasite interplay. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that control proteins levels via post-transcriptional gene down-regulation, either within the cells where they were produced or in other cells via intercellular transfer. These microRNAs can be modulated in host cells during infection and are among the growing group of small regulatory RNAs, for which many classes have been described, including the transfer RNA-derived small RNAs. Parasites can either manipulate microRNAs to evade host-driven damage and/or transfer small RNAs to host cells. In this mini-review, we present evidence for the involvement of small RNAs, such as microRNAs, in trypanosomatid infections which lack RNA interference. We highlight both microRNA profile alterations in host cells during those infections and the horizontal transfer of small RNAs and proteins from parasites to the host by membrane-derived extracellular vesicles in a cell communication mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Laboratory on Thymus Research, Institute Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Gudo ES, Silva-Barbosa SD, Linhares-Lacerda L, Ribeiro-Alves M, Real SC, Bou-Habib DC, Savino W. HAM/TSP-derived HTLV-1-infected T cell lines promote morphological and functional changes in human astrocytes cell lines: possible role in the enhanced T cells recruitment into Central Nervous System. Virol J 2015; 12:165. [PMID: 26458945 PMCID: PMC4603815 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms through which HTLV-1 leads to and maintains damage in the central nervous system of patients undergoing HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) are still poorly understood. In recent years, increasing evidence indicates that, not only lymphocytes but also glial cells, in particular astrocytes, play a role in the pathophysiology of HAM/TSP. In this study we used a model of co-culture between human HTLV-1-infected (CIB and C91PL) and non-infected (CEM) T lymphocyte cell lines and astrocyte (U251 and U87) cell lines to mimic the in vivo T cell-astrocyte interactions. RESULTS We first observed that CIB and C91PL adhere strongly to cultured astrocytes cell lines, and that co-cultures of HTLV-1 infected and astrocyte cell lines cells resulted in rapid syncytium formation, accompanied by severe morphological alterations and increased apoptotic cell death of astrocyte cells. Additionally, cultures of astrocyte cell lines in presence of supernatants harvested from HTLV-1-infected T cell cultures resulted in significant increase in the mRNA of CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL10, IL-13, IL-8, NFKB1, TLR4, TNF, MMP8 and VCAM1, as compared with the values obtained when we applied supernatants of non-infected T- cell lines. Lastly, soluble factors secreted by cultured astrocytic cell lines primed through 1-h interaction with infected T cell lines, further enhanced migratory responses, as compared to the effect seen when supernatants from astrocytic cell lines were primed with non-infected T cell lines. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results show that HTLV-1 infected T lymphocyte cell lines interact strongly with astrocyte cell lines, leading to astrocyte damage and increased secretion of attracting cytokines, which in turn may participate in the further attraction of HTLV-1-infected T cells into central nervous system (CNS), thus amplifying and prolonging the immune damage of CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Samo Gudo
- National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Av. Eduardo Mondlane, 1008, Maputo, Mozambique. .,Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Suzana Corte Real
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Linhares-Lacerda L, Palu CC, Ribeiro-Alves M, Paredes BD, Morrot A, Garcia-Silva MR, Cayota A, Savino W. Differential Expression of microRNAs in Thymic Epithelial Cells from Trypanosoma cruzi Acutely Infected Mice: Putative Role in Thymic Atrophy. Front Immunol 2015; 6:428. [PMID: 26347748 PMCID: PMC4543887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A common feature seen in acute infections is a severe atrophy of the thymus. This occurs in the murine model of acute Chagas disease. Moreover, in thymuses from Trypanosoma cruzi acutely infected mice, thymocytes exhibit an increase in the density of fibronectin and laminin integrin-type receptors, with an increase in migratory response ex vivo. Thymic epithelial cells (TEC) play a major role in the intrathymic T cell differentiation. To date, the consequences of molecular changes promoted by parasite infection upon thymus have not been elucidated. Considering the importance of microRNA for gene expression regulation, 85 microRNAs (mRNAs) were analyzed in TEC from T. cruzi acutely infected mice. The infection significantly modulated 29 miRNAs and modulation of 9 was also dependent whether TEC sorted out from the thymus exhibited cortical or medullary phenotype. In silico analysis revealed that these miRNAs may control target mRNAs known to be responsible for chemotaxis, cell adhesion, and cell death. Considering that we sorted TEC in the initial phase of thymocyte loss, it is conceivable that changes in TEC miRNA expression profile are functionally related to thymic atrophy, providing new clues to better understanding the mechanisms of the thymic involution seen in experimental Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Cintia Cristina Palu
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Bruno Diaz Paredes
- The National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | - Alfonso Cayota
- Functional Genomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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Moreira-Ramos K, Castro FMMD, Linhares-Lacerda L, Savino W. Can thymic epithelial cells be infected by human T-lymphotropic virus type 1? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 106:759-62. [PMID: 22012233 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000600018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the cause of adult T cell leukaemias/lymphoma. Because thymic epithelial cells (TEC) express recently defined receptors for the virus, it seemed conceivable that these cells might be a target for HTLV-1 infection. We developed an in vitro co-culture system comprising HTLV-1+-infected T cells and human TECs. Infected T cells did adhere to TECs and, after 24 h, the viral proteins gp46 and p19 were observed in TECs. After incubating TECs with culture supernatants from HTLV-1+-infected T cells, we detected gp46 on TEC membranes and the HTLV-1 tax gene integrated in the TEC genome. In conclusion, the human thymic epithelium can be infected in vitro by HTLV-1, not only via cell-cell contact, but also via exposure to virus-containing medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaysa Moreira-Ramos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Mendes-da-Cruz DA, Linhares-Lacerda L, Smaniotto S, Dardenne M, Savino W. Semaphorins and neuropilins: new players in the neuroendocrine control of the intrathymic T-cell migration in humans. Exp Physiol 2012; 97:1146-50. [PMID: 22327328 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.061515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is a key event for proper intrathymic T-cell differentiation, and several ligand-receptor interactions contribute to the well-co ordinated movement of developing thymocytes within the thymic lobules. Herein we summarize recent data that place semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and its receptor neuropilin 1 (NRP1) as further players in the physiological process of cell migration in the human thymus. These molecules, as well as class A plexins (necessary for the intracellular signalling transduction triggered by Sema3A-NRP1 ligation), are constitutively expressed by both developing thymocytes and components of the thymic microenvironment, including epithelial and dendritic cells. Functionally, Sema3A decreases the adhesion of human thymocytes on thymic epithelial cell monolayers and exerts per se a dose-dependent chemorepulsive effect on human thymocytes. Moreover, Sema3A inhibits chemoattractant migratory responses induced by other ligands, including fibronectin, laminin and CXCL12 (chemokine CXC motif ligand 12). These data should be placed in the context of the concept that migration of developing T cells is a multivectorial system, in which the resulting migration vector derives from a balance of several simultaneous and/or sequential ligand-receptor pair interactions. Accordingly, semaphorins and neuropilins can be considered as further players in the system.
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Castro F, Linhares-Lacerda L, Côrrea-de-Santana E, Sperandei S, Ribeiro-Alves M, Butler-Browne G, Mouly V, Silva-Barbosa S, Savino W. P5.28 Culture supernatants from HTLV-1 infected T cells modify adhesion molecule-related gene signature in differentiated human muscle. Neuromuscul Disord 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.06.1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Corrêa-de-Santana E, Linhares-Lacerda L, Ribeiro-Alves M, Sperandei S, Monteiro-de-Castro F, Butler-Browne G, Mouly V, Savino W. P5.79 Differential mRNA expression in differentiation of human myogenic precursors: Correlation with the microRNA pattern. Neuromuscul Disord 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.06.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Linhares-Lacerda L, Ribeiro-Alves M, Nogueira ACMDA, Mendes-da-Cruz DA, Magalhães DA, Dardenne M, Passos GA, Savino W. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CD49e (α5 integrin chain) in human thymic epithelial cells modulates the expression of multiple genes and decreases thymocyte adhesion. BMC Genomics 2010; 11 Suppl 5:S2. [PMID: 21210968 PMCID: PMC3045795 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-s5-s2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thymus is a central lymphoid organ, in which bone marrow-derived T cell precursors undergo a complex process of maturation. Developing thymocytes interact with thymic microenvironment in a defined spatial order. A component of thymic microenvironment, the thymic epithelial cells, is crucial for the maturation of T-lymphocytes through cell-cell contact, cell matrix interactions and secretory of cytokines/chemokines. There is evidence that extracellular matrix molecules play a fundamental role in guiding differentiating thymocytes in both cortical and medullary regions of the thymic lobules. The interaction between the integrin α5β1 (CD49e/CD29; VLA-5) and fibronectin is relevant for thymocyte adhesion and migration within the thymic tissue. Our previous results have shown that adhesion of thymocytes to cultured TEC line is enhanced in the presence of fibronectin, and can be blocked with anti-VLA-5 antibody. RESULTS Herein, we studied the role of CD49e expressed by the human thymic epithelium. For this purpose we knocked down the CD49e by means of RNA interference. This procedure resulted in the modulation of more than 100 genes, some of them coding for other proteins also involved in adhesion of thymocytes; others related to signaling pathways triggered after integrin activation, or even involved in the control of F-actin stress fiber formation. Functionally, we demonstrated that disruption of VLA-5 in human TEC by CD49e-siRNA-induced gene knockdown decreased the ability of TEC to promote thymocyte adhesion. Such a decrease comprised all CD4/CD8-defined thymocyte subsets. CONCLUSION Conceptually, our findings unravel the complexity of gene regulation, as regards key genes involved in the heterocellular cell adhesion between developing thymocytes and the major component of the thymic microenvironment, an interaction that is a mandatory event for proper intrathymic T cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
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Golbert DCF, Linhares-Lacerda L, Almeida LG, Correa-de-Santana E, de Oliveira AR, Mundstein AS, Savino W, de Vasconcelos ATR. Laminin database: a tool to retrieve high-throughput and curated data for studies on laminins. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 39:D320-3. [PMID: 21087995 PMCID: PMC3013663 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Laminin(LM)-database, hosted at http://www.lm.lncc.br, is the first database focusing a non-collagenous extracellular matrix protein family, the LMs. Part of the knowledge available in this website is automatically retrieved, whereas a significant amount of information is curated and annotated, thus placing LM-database beyond a simple repository of data. In its home page, an overview of the rationale for the database is seen and readers can access a tutorial to facilitate navigation in the website, which in turn is presented with tabs subdivided into LMs, receptors, extracellular binding and other related proteins. Each tab opens into a given LM or LM-related molecule, where the reader finds a series of further tabs for 'protein', 'gene structure', 'gene expression' and 'tissue distribution' and 'therapy'. Data are separated as a function of species, comprising Homo sapiens, Mus musculus and Rattus novergicus. Furthermore, there is specific tab displaying the LM nomenclatures. In another tab, a direct link to PubMed, which can be then consulted in a specific way, in terms of the biological functions of each molecule, knockout animals and genetic diseases, immune response and lymphomas/leukemias. LM-database will hopefully be a relevant tool for retrieving information concerning LMs in health and disease, particularly regarding the hemopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane C F Golbert
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation, Ave. Getúlio Vargas 333, 25651-075 Petrópolis, Brazil
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