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Galay RL, Talactac MR, Ambita-Salem BV, Chu DMM, Costa LMOD, Salangsang CMA, Caracas DKB, Generoso FH, Babelonia JA, Vergano JL, Berana LC, Sandalo KAC, Divina BP, Alvarez CR, Mago ER, Andoh M, Tanaka T. Molecular Detection of Rickettsia Spp. and Coxiella Burnetii in Cattle, Water Buffalo, and Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) Microplus Ticks in Luzon Island of the Philippines. Trop Med Infect Dis 2020; 5:tropicalmed5020054. [PMID: 32260468 PMCID: PMC7345074 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed5020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rickettsia and Coxiella burnetii are zoonotic, tick-borne pathogens that can cause febrile illnesses with or without other symptoms in humans, but may cause subclinical infections in animals. There are only a few reports on the occurrence of these pathogens in cattle and water buffalo in Southeast Asia, including the Philippines. In this study, molecular detection of Rickettsia and C. burnetii in the blood and in the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks of cattle and water buffalo from five provinces in Luzon Island of the Philippines was done. A total of 620 blood samples of cattle and water buffalo and 206 tick samples were collected and subjected to DNA extraction. After successful amplification of control genes, nested PCR was performed to detect gltA of Rickettsia and com1 of C. burnetii. No samples were positive for Rickettsia, while 10 (cattle = 7, water buffaloes = 3), or 1.6% of blood, and five, or 1.8% of tick samples, were C. burnetii-positive. Sequence analysis of the positive amplicons showed 99-100% similarity to reported C. burnetii isolates. This molecular evidence on the occurrence of C. burnetii in Philippine ruminants and cattle ticks and its zoonotic nature should prompt further investigation and surveillance to facilitate its effective control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remil L. Galay
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
- Correspondence: (R.L.G.); (T.T.); Tel.: +63-049-536-2728 (R.L.G.); +81-99-285-3570 (T.T.)
| | - Melbourne R. Talactac
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Bea V. Ambita-Salem
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Dawn Maureen M. Chu
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Lali Marie O. dela Costa
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Cinnamon Mae A. Salangsang
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Darwin Kyle B. Caracas
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Florante H. Generoso
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Jonathan A. Babelonia
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Joeneil L. Vergano
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Lena C. Berana
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Kristina Andrea C. Sandalo
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Billy P. Divina
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines; (B.V.A.-S.); (D.M.M.C.); (L.M.O.d.C.); (C.M.A.S.); (D.K.B.C.); (K.A.C.S.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Cherry R. Alvarez
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Emmanuel R. Mago
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite 4122, Philippines; (M.R.T.); (F.H.G.); (J.A.B.); (J.L.V.); (L.C.B.); (C.R.A.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Masako Andoh
- Laboratory of Public Health, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Correspondence: (R.L.G.); (T.T.); Tel.: +63-049-536-2728 (R.L.G.); +81-99-285-3570 (T.T.)
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