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Gerhard EF, Wang L, Singh R, Schueler S, Genovese LD, Woods A, Tang D, Smith NR, Psotka MA, Tovey S, Desai SS, Jakovljevic DG, MacGowan GA, Shah P. LVAD decommissioning for myocardial recovery: Long-term ventricular remodeling and adverse events. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:1560-1570. [PMID: 34479776 PMCID: PMC8627486 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) mechanically unload the heart and coupled with neurohormonal therapy can promote reverse cardiac remodeling and myocardial recovery. Minimally invasive LVAD decommissioning with the device left in place has been reported to be safe over short-term follow-up. Whether device retention reduces long-term safety, or sustainability of recovery is unknown. METHODS This is a dual-center retrospective analysis of patients who had achieved responder status (left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF ≥40% and left ventricular internal diastolic diameter, LVIDd ≤6.0 cm) and underwent elective LVAD decommissioning for myocardial recovery from May 2010 to January 2020. All patients had outflow graft closure and driveline resection with the LVAD left in place. Emergent LVAD decommissioning for an infection or device thrombosis was excluded. Patients were followed with serial echocardiography for up to 3-years. The primary clinical outcome was survival free of heart failure hospitalization, LVAD reimplantation, or transplant. RESULTS During the study period 515 patients received an LVAD and 29 (5.6%) achieved myocardial recovery, 12 patients underwent total device explantation or urgent device decommissioning, 17 patients underwent elective LVAD decommissioning, and were included in the analysis. Median age of patients at LVAD implantation was 42 years (interquartile range, IQR: 25-54 years), all had a nonischemic cardiomyopathy, and 5 (29%) were female. At LVAD implantation, median LVEF was 10% (IQR: 5%-15%), and LVIDd 6.6 cm (IQR: 5.8-7.1 cm). There were 11 hydrodynamically levitated centrifugal-flow (65%), and 6 axial-flow LVADs (35%). The median duration of LVAD support before decommissioning was 28.7 months (range 13.5-36.2 months). As compared to the turndown study parameters, 1-month post-decommissioning, median LVEF decreased from 55% to 48% (p = 0.03), and LVIDd increased from 4.8 cm to 5.2 cm (p = 0.10). There was gradual remodeling until 6 months, after which there was no statistical difference on follow-up through 3-years (LVEF 42%, LVIDd 5.6 cm). Recurrent infections affected 41% of patients leading to 3 deaths and 1 complete device explant. Recurrent HF occurred in 1 patient who required a transplant. Probability of survival free of HF, LVAD, or transplant was 94% at 1-year, and 78% at 3-years. CONCLUSIONS LVAD decommissioning for myocardial recovery was associated with excellent long-term survival free from recurrent heart failure and preservation of ventricular size and function up to 3-years. Reducing the risk of recurrent infections, remains an important therapeutic goal for this management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F Gerhard
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplantation, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia; George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington DC, Washington DC
| | - Lu Wang
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ramesh Singh
- Cardiac Surgery, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Stephan Schueler
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Leonard D Genovese
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplantation, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Andrew Woods
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Tang
- Cardiac Surgery, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | | | - Mitchell A Psotka
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplantation, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Sian Tovey
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Shashank S Desai
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplantation, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | | | - Guy A MacGowan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Palak Shah
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplantation, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia.
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Groenendyk JW, Shukla P, Dey AK, Elnabawi YA, Aksentijevich M, Choi H, Genovese LD, Harrington CL, Natarajan B, Goyal A, Reddy AS, Rodante J, Kabbany MT, Sadek A, Al Najafi M, Playford MP, Joshi AA, Ahlman MA, Gelfand JM, Bluemke DA, Mehta NN. Association of aortic vascular uptake of 18FDG by PET/CT and aortic wall thickness by MRI in psoriasis: a prospective observational study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:2488-2495. [PMID: 31385013 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of inflammation to the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been increasingly recognized in recent years. We investigated the relationship of aortic vascular uptake of 18F-FDG by PET/CT and aortic wall thickness (AWT) by MRI in psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory disease with increased incidence of CVD. One hundred sixty-five patients with plaque psoriasis participated in an ongoing longitudinal cohort study. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed as aortic uptake of 18F-FDG by PET/CT reported as target-to-background ratio (TBR) and AWT by MRI reported as maximal thickness. RESULTS Patients with psoriasis were middle aged, predominantly male, and had mild CV risk by traditional risk factors. Psoriasis severity as measured by PASI score was a notable determinant of AWT (ρ = 0.20, p = 0.01). Moreover, aortic vascular uptake of 18F-FDG associated with AWT by MRI at baseline in unadjusted analysis (β = 0.27 p = 0.001) and following adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, waist-to-hip ratio, and statin use (β = 0.21 p = 0.01). Finally, following 1 year of psoriasis treatment, a decrease in aortic vascular uptake of 18F-FDG was associated with a reduction in AWT in fully adjusted models (β = 0.33, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we demonstrate that psoriasis severity and aortic vascular uptake of 18F-FDG in the aorta were associated with AWT. Following treatment of psoriasis, a decrease in aortic vascular uptake of 18F-FDG was associated with a reduction in AWT at 1 year. These findings suggest that aortic vascular uptake of 18F-FDG is associated with early evidence of vascular disease assessed by aortic wall thickness. Prospective studies in larger populations including other inflammatory diseases are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W Groenendyk
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Parag Shukla
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Amit K Dey
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Youssef A Elnabawi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Milena Aksentijevich
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Harry Choi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Leonard D Genovese
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Charlotte L Harrington
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Balaji Natarajan
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aditya Goyal
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aarthi S Reddy
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Justin Rodante
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mohammad Tarek Kabbany
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ahmed Sadek
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mina Al Najafi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aditya A Joshi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark A Ahlman
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joel M Gelfand
- University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David A Bluemke
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Clinical Research Center, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Goyal A, Dey AK, Chaturvedi A, Elnabawi YA, Aberra TM, Chung JH, Belur AD, Groenendyk JW, Lerman JB, Rivers JP, Rodante JA, Harrington CL, Varghese NJ, Sanda GE, Baumer Y, Sorokin AV, Teague HL, Genovese LD, Natarajan B, Joshi AA, Playford MP, Bluemke DA, Chen MY, Alavi A, Pitman RK, Powell-Wiley TM, Tawakol A, Gelfand JM, Mehta NN. Chronic Stress-Related Neural Activity Associates With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Psoriasis: A Prospective Cohort Study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 13:465-477. [PMID: 30448131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study hypothesized that there is an association between chronic stress (as indexed by resting amygdalar activity [AmygA]), hematopoietic system activity (HMPA), and subclinical cardiovascular indexes (aortic vascular inflammation [VI] and noncalcified coronary plaque burden [NCB]) in psoriasis (PSO). The study also hypothesized that treatment of PSO would improve these parameters. BACKGROUND PSO is a stress-related chronic inflammatory condition that is associated with increased prevalence of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). In individuals without PSO, stress has been linked to CVD through a serial biological pathway that involves the amygdala, hematopoietic tissues, and atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS A total of 164 consecutive patients with PSO and 47 healthy volunteers underwent 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans for assessment of AmygA, HMPA, and VI, as well as coronary computed tomography angiography scans for quantifying NCB. Furthermore, a consecutive subset of 30 patients with severe PSO (Psoriasis Area Severity Index Score >10) were followed at 1 year to assess the relationship between skin disease improvement and AmygA, HMPA, VI, and NCB. RESULTS The PSO cohort was middle-aged (mean age: 50 years), had low cardiovascular risk (Framingham risk score: median: 3) and had mild to moderate PSO activity (median Psoriasis Area Severity Index Score: 5.6). AmygA was higher in patients with PSO compared to volunteer participants. AmygA was associated with HMPA (bone marrow activity: β = 0.20, p = 0.01) and subclinical CVD (VI: β = 0.31, p < 0.001; NCB: β = 0.27, p < 0.001) The AmygA-CVD association was in part mediated by HMPA (VI: 20.9%, NCB: 36.7%). Following 1 year of PSO treatment in those with severe disease, improvement in skin disease was accompanied by a reduction in AmygA, bone marrow activity, and VI, with no progression of NCB. CONCLUSIONS In PSO, a chronic inflammatory disease state, AmygA, which is a manifestation of chronic stress, substantially contributes to the risk of subclinical CVD. Additional studies that use psychometric measures of stress are required to explore therapeutic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Goyal
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amit K Dey
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Abhishek Chaturvedi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Youssef A Elnabawi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tsion M Aberra
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jonathan H Chung
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Agastya D Belur
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jacob W Groenendyk
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph B Lerman
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua P Rivers
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Justin A Rodante
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Charlotte L Harrington
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nevin J Varghese
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gregory E Sanda
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexander V Sorokin
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Heather L Teague
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Leonard D Genovese
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Balaji Natarajan
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aditya A Joshi
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David A Bluemke
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Roger K Pitman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel M Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Elnabawi YA, Dey AK, Goyal A, Groenendyk JW, Genovese LD, Belur AD, Rodante JA, Chen MY, Bluemke DA, Remaley AT, Playford MP, Mehta NN. Abstract 549: Improvement in Large Density HDL Particle Number by NMR is Associated with Reduction in Coronary Soft Plaque Burden by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in Psoriasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.38.suppl_1.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Patients with psoriasis (PSO), a chronic inflammatory disease associated with dysfunctional lipoprotein profile and accelerated risk of MI, have increased burden of subclinical atherogenesis by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Large HDL particle (l-HDLp) number by NMR has been shown to associate negatively with cardiovascular (CV) events independent of traditional lipoprotein levels. We hypothesize that increase in l-HDLp would inversely associate with soft plaque volume (PV) as well as non-calcified coronary burden (NCB).
Methods:
Consecutive treatment naïve PSO patients (n= 92 arteries) underwent CCTA (320 detector row, Toshiba) at baseline and one-year. Soft plaque volume and non-calcified burden were assessed using a semi-automated software (QAngio, Medis). Lipoprotein profiling and cholesterol efflux capacity was done by NMR.
Results:
Patients were middle aged and at low CV risk by traditional risk scores (Table 1). With improvement of PSO severity at one year and no change in traditional CV risks, l-HDLp increased (5.8 ± 0.4 vs. 6.3 ± 0.5, p=0.007) concurrently with cholesterol efflux capacity (0.95 ± 0.02 vs 1.01 ± 0.02, p=0.003). PV reduced at one-year (3.7 ± 1.2 vs. 2.9 ± 1.1 mm
3
, p=0.01), as well as NCB (1.20 ± 0.06 vs. 1.07 ± 0.06 mm
2
, p<0.001). Coronary burden was inversely associated with l-HDLp beyond traditional CV risk factors (β = -0.47, p<0.001).
Conclusions:
Increase in l-HDLp was inversely associated with coronary plaque burden possibly through improvement in HDL function via cholesterol efflux capacity, suggesting a role for NMR lipoprotein profiling in assessment of CVD in chronic inflammatory states.
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