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de Oliveira LF, Veroneze R, Sousa KRS, Mulim HA, Araujo AC, Huang Y, Johnson JS, Brito LF. Genomic regions, candidate genes, and pleiotropic variants associated with physiological and anatomical indicators of heat stress response in lactating sows. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:467. [PMID: 38741036 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat stress (HS) poses significant threats to the sustainability of livestock production. Genetically improving heat tolerance could enhance animal welfare and minimize production losses during HS events. Measuring phenotypic indicators of HS response and understanding their genetic background are crucial steps to optimize breeding schemes for improved climatic resilience. The identification of genomic regions and candidate genes influencing the traits of interest, including variants with pleiotropic effects, enables the refinement of genotyping panels used to perform genomic prediction of breeding values and contributes to unraveling the biological mechanisms influencing heat stress response. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to identify genomic regions, candidate genes, and potential pleiotropic variants significantly associated with indicators of HS response in lactating sows using imputed whole-genome sequence (WGS) data. Phenotypic records for 18 traits and genomic information from 1,645 lactating sows were available for the study. The genotypes from the PorcineSNP50K panel containing 50,703 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were imputed to WGS and after quality control, 1,622 animals and 7,065,922 SNPs were included in the analyses. RESULTS A total of 1,388 unique SNPs located on sixteen chromosomes were found to be associated with 11 traits. Twenty gene ontology terms and 11 biological pathways were shown to be associated with variability in ear skin temperature, shoulder skin temperature, rump skin temperature, tail skin temperature, respiration rate, panting score, vaginal temperature automatically measured every 10 min, vaginal temperature measured at 0800 h, hair density score, body condition score, and ear area. Seven, five, six, two, seven, 15, and 14 genes with potential pleiotropic effects were identified for indicators of skin temperature, vaginal temperature, animal temperature, respiration rate, thermoregulatory traits, anatomical traits, and all traits, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Physiological and anatomical indicators of HS response in lactating sows are heritable but highly polygenic. The candidate genes found are associated with important gene ontology terms and biological pathways related to heat shock protein activities, immune response, and cellular oxidative stress. Many of the candidate genes with pleiotropic effects are involved in catalytic activities to reduce cell damage from oxidative stress and cellular mechanisms related to immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Fernanda de Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Renata Veroneze
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Katiene Régia Silva Sousa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Henrique A Mulim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Jay S Johnson
- USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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de Oliveira LF, Brito LF, Marques DBD, da Silva DA, Lopes PS, Dos Santos CG, Johnson JS, Veroneze R. Investigating the impact of non-additive genetic effects in the estimation of variance components and genomic predictions for heat tolerance and performance traits in crossbred and purebred pig populations. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:76. [PMID: 38093199 PMCID: PMC10717470 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-additive genetic effects are often ignored in livestock genetic evaluations. However, fitting them in the models could improve the accuracy of genomic breeding values. Furthermore, non-additive genetic effects contribute to heterosis, which could be optimized through mating designs. Traits related to fitness and adaptation, such as heat tolerance, tend to be more influenced by non-additive genetic effects. In this context, the primary objectives of this study were to estimate variance components and assess the predictive performance of genomic prediction of breeding values based on alternative models and two independent datasets, including performance records from a purebred pig population and heat tolerance indicators recorded in crossbred lactating sows. RESULTS Including non-additive genetic effects when modelling performance traits in purebred pigs had no effect on the residual variance estimates for most of the traits, but lower additive genetic variances were observed, especially when additive-by-additive epistasis was included in the models. Furthermore, including non-additive genetic effects did not improve the prediction accuracy of genomic breeding values, but there was animal re-ranking across the models. For the heat tolerance indicators recorded in a crossbred population, most traits had small non-additive genetic variance with large standard error estimates. Nevertheless, panting score and hair density presented substantial additive-by-additive epistatic variance. Panting score had an epistatic variance estimate of 0.1379, which accounted for 82.22% of the total genetic variance. For hair density, the epistatic variance estimates ranged from 0.1745 to 0.1845, which represent 64.95-69.59% of the total genetic variance. CONCLUSIONS Including non-additive genetic effects in the models did not improve the accuracy of genomic breeding values for performance traits in purebred pigs, but there was substantial re-ranking of selection candidates depending on the model fitted. Except for panting score and hair density, low non-additive genetic variance estimates were observed for heat tolerance indicators in crossbred pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Fernanda de Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Paulo Sávio Lopes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Jay S Johnson
- USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Renata Veroneze
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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de Oliveira LF, Lopes PS, Dias LCCM, e Silva LMD, Silva HT, Guimarães SEF, Marques DBD, da Silva DA, Veroneze R. Estimation of genetic parameters and inbreeding depression in Piau pig breed. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ferreira ACG, Teixeira RMA, Mendes BP, Vaneli NR, de Oliveira LF, Silva PSD, de Almeida Neto OB. Effects of bovine somatotropin on productive performance and Minas Padrão cheese. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:519. [PMID: 34669054 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02968-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of two brands of bST (bovine somatoropin) on productive performance and on Minas Padrão cheese yield. Fifteen Girolando cows with more than 60 days of lactation were used. The animals were distributed in a randomized block design, according to days in milk, with three treatments (somatotropin A, somatotropin B, and control). The animals received a balanced diet with commercial concentrate and corn silage as roughage. It was measured milk yield and composition, dry matter intake, body condition score (BCS), and feeding behavior; it was compared by Tukey at 5.0% of significance level. Physical-chemical composition of Minas Padrão cheese was obtained from the different treatments, was also measured, being evaluated in a completely randomized design, and compared by Tukey at 1.0% of significance level. The dry matter intake per body weight lower in control treatment (p < 0.05) was equal to 2.85, somatotropin A was equal to 3.17, and somatotropin B was equal to 3.17. Animals that received bST showed higher milk production (p < 0.05), with control being 17.56 kg/day, somatotropin A 21.12 kg/day, and somatotropin B 20.69 kg/day. The physical-chemical composition of milk showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for the fat, protein, and dry extract contents. The somatotropin applications also influenced the BCS (p < 0.05) and the feeding behavior in time for total intake, time spent with rumination, and idleness. The application of bST increased milk yield and technical and economic yields of Minas Padrão cheese did not show significant differences between treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bhremer Pereira Mendes
- Department of Animal Science, Instituto Federal Do Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Rio Pomba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Neumara Ribeiro Vaneli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Instituto Federal Do Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Rio Pomba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Costa KA, Saraiva A, Guimarães JD, Marques DBD, Machado-Neves M, Barbosa LMR, Villadiego FAC, Veroneze R, Oliveira LFD, Garcia IS, Teixeira SA, Guimarães SEF. Dietary L-arginine supplementation during early gestation of gilts affects conceptuses development. Theriogenology 2019; 140:62-71. [PMID: 31445222 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
l-arginine supplementation of sows has led to improvement of reproductive performance, but the mechanisms responsible for the positive effects of arginine during gestation on conceptuses survival and development are still poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to evaluate effects of 1.0% l-arginine supplementation (ARG) on phenotypic traits of commercial gilts, embryos and fetuses, concentration of gilts' blood metabolites, expression of developmental and cellular apoptosis genes in conceptuses of 25 and 35 days. At 25 days, IGF1 gene was more expressed in embryos from ARG than in embryos from control gilts (CON) (P = 0.05). At this same gestational age, ARG embryos tended to be heavier compared to CON (P = 0.07) and ARG gilts showed a trend to have a greater arginine concentration in blood plasma (P = 0.06). However, at 35 days of gestation, arginine concentration in blood plasma of ARG gilts tended to be lower compared to CON (P = 0.06) and ARG fetuses showed smaller cephalic-caudal length (P = 0.05). These results indicate that duration of supplementation is determinant for arginine effects, not only on the females performance but also on the conceptuses, since supplementation upregulated IGF1 expression at 25 days, in addition to the reduction of cephalic-caudal length of 35-day fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Assis Costa
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Alysson Saraiva
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Domingos Guimarães
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Renata Veroneze
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Ingrid Soares Garcia
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Susana Amaral Teixeira
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
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