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Ferreira TN, Santos LMB, Valladares V, Flanley CM, McDowell MA, Garcia GA, Mello-Silva CC, Maciel-de-Freitas R, Genta FA. Age, sex, and mating status discrimination in the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis using near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS). Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:19. [PMID: 38217054 PMCID: PMC10787389 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding aspects related to the physiology and capacity of vectors is essential for effectively controlling vector-borne diseases. The sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis has great importance in medical entomology for disseminating Leishmania parasites, the causative agent of Leishmaniasis, one of the main neglected diseases listed by the World Health Organization (WHO). In this respect, it is necessary to evaluate the transmission potential of this species and the success of vector control interventions. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used to estimate the age of mosquitoes in different conditions (laboratory, semi-field, and conservation), taxonomic analysis, and infection detection. However, no studies are using NIRS for sand flies. METHODS In this study, we developed analytic models to estimate the age of L. longipalpis adults under laboratory conditions, identify their copulation state, and evaluate their gonotrophic cycle and diet. RESULTS Sand flies were classified with an accuracy of 58-82% in 3 age groups and 82-92% when separating them into young (<8 days) or old (>8 days) insects. The classification between mated and non-mated sandflies was 98-100% accurate, while the percentage of hits of females that had already passed the first gonotrophic cycle was only 59%. CONCLUSIONS We consider the age and copula estimation results very promising, as they provide essential aspects of vector capacity assessment, which can be obtained quickly and at a lower cost with NIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Neves Ferreira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lilha M B Santos
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Valladares
- Malacology Laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Catherine M Flanley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Mary Ann McDowell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Gabriela A Garcia
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ariel Genta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Garcia GA, Lord AR, Santos LMB, Kariyawasam TN, David MR, Couto-Lima D, Tátila-Ferreira A, Pavan MG, Sikulu-Lord MT, Maciel-de-Freitas R. Rapid and Non-Invasive Detection of Aedes aegypti Co-Infected with Zika and Dengue Viruses Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy. Viruses 2022; 15:11. [PMID: 36680052 PMCID: PMC9863061 DOI: 10.3390/v15010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission of dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) has been continuously increasing worldwide. An efficient arbovirus surveillance system is critical to designing early-warning systems to increase preparedness of future outbreaks in endemic countries. The Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising high throughput technique to detect arbovirus infection in Ae. aegypti with remarkable advantages such as cost and time effectiveness, reagent-free, and non-invasive nature over existing molecular tools for similar purposes, enabling timely decision making through rapid detection of potential disease. Our aim was to determine whether NIRS can differentiate Ae. aegypti females infected with either ZIKV or DENV single infection, and those coinfected with ZIKV/DENV from uninfected ones. Using 200 Ae. aegypti females reared and infected in laboratory conditions, the training model differentiated mosquitoes into the four treatments with 100% accuracy. DENV-, ZIKV-, and ZIKV/DENV-coinfected mosquitoes that were used to validate the model could be correctly classified into their actual infection group with a predictive accuracy of 100%, 84%, and 80%, respectively. When compared with mosquitoes from the uninfected group, the three infected groups were predicted as belonging to the infected group with 100%, 97%, and 100% accuracy for DENV-infected, ZIKV-infected, and the co-infected group, respectively. Preliminary lab-based results are encouraging and indicate that NIRS should be tested in field settings to evaluate its potential role to monitor natural infection in field-caught mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela A. Garcia
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anton R. Lord
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Spectroscopy and Data Consultants Pty Ltd., Brisbane, QLD 4035, Australia
| | - Lilha M. B. Santos
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana R. David
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dinair Couto-Lima
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Tátila-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcio G. Pavan
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maggy T. Sikulu-Lord
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Arbovirology, Bernhard Nocht Institute of Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
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Santos LMB, Mutsaers M, Garcia GA, David MR, Pavan MG, Petersen MT, Corrêa-Antônio J, Couto-Lima D, Maes L, Dowell F, Lord A, Sikulu-Lord M, Maciel-de-Freitas R. High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance. Commun Biol 2021; 4:67. [PMID: 33452445 PMCID: PMC7810739 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deployment of Wolbachia to mitigate dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) transmission is ongoing in 12 countries. One way to assess the efficacy of Wolbachia releases is to determine invasion rates within the wild population of Aedes aegypti following their release. Herein we evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in estimating the time post death, ZIKV-, CHIKV-, and Wolbachia-infection in trapped dead female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes over a period of 7 days. Regardless of the infection type, time post-death of mosquitoes was accurately predicted into four categories (fresh, 1 day old, 2–4 days old and 5–7 days old). Overall accuracies of 93.2, 97 and 90.3% were observed when NIRS was used to detect ZIKV, CHIKV and Wolbachia in dead Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes indicating NIRS could be potentially applied as a rapid and cost-effective arbovirus surveillance tool. However, field data is required to demonstrate the full capacity of NIRS for detecting these infections under field conditions. Santos et al. demonstrate that the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) can accurately estimate the death time of trapped female Aedes aegypti and vector infection with Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, or Wolbachia in a 7-day trapping period. This study suggests that NIRS may provide an accurate and inexpensive tool that improves arbovirus surveillance systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilha M B Santos
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Mathijs Mutsaers
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.,Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gabriela A Garcia
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Mariana R David
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Márcio G Pavan
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Martha T Petersen
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Jessica Corrêa-Antônio
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Dinair Couto-Lima
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Floyd Dowell
- USDA-ARS, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Anton Lord
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Maggy Sikulu-Lord
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Quel NG, Aragão AZB, Salvadori MR, Farias AS, Joazeiro PP, Santos LMB, Sá LRM, Ferreira AJP, Yano T. Cellulitis lesions in broiler chickens are induced by Escherichia coli Vacuolating Factor (ECVF). Vet Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23206410 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli Vacuolating Factor (ECVF) is a heat-labile, vacuolating cytotoxin produced by avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) isolated from avian cellulitis lesions. In this report, we intend to demonstrate that purified ECVF induces the inflammatory process of cellulitis. Our group is the first to demonstrate the effect of ECVF in a histological analysis by in situ inoculation of broiler chickens with purified ECVF. The animals were inoculated with the APEC AC53 and with purified ECVF subcutaneously on their ventral surface (in the sternum region). The histological analysis showed different grades of an acute inflammatory response in the epidermis, dermis and panniculus. An increase in mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α was also demonstrated in the inflamed tissue. When ECVF was systemically administered, increased levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were observed in the serum. These results suggest that ECVF plays a key role in the inflammatory process associated with cellulitis that is mainly mediated by TNF-α. In addition, this inflammation can be downregulated by the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Quel
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - A Z B Aragão
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - M R Salvadori
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - A S Farias
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - P P Joazeiro
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - L M B Santos
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - L R M Sá
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - A J P Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - T Yano
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
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Damasceno A, von Glehn F, Martinez ARM, Longhini ALF, Deus-Silva L, Brandão CO, Santos LMB, Damasceno BP. Early onset of natalizumab-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Mult Scler 2011; 17:1397-8. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458511422929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Damasceno
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - F von Glehn
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - ARM Martinez
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - ALF Longhini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - L Deus-Silva
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - CO Brandão
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - LMB Santos
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - BP Damasceno
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Freria CM, Zanon RG, Santos LMB, Oliveira ALR. Major histocompatibility complex class I expression and glial reaction influence spinal motoneuron synaptic plasticity during the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Comp Neurol 2010; 518:990-1007. [PMID: 20127802 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) expression directly influences the stability of nerve terminals. Also, the acute phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has shown a significant impact on inputs within the spinal cord. Therefore, the present work investigated the synaptic covering of motoneurons during the induction phase of disease and progressive remissions of EAE. EAE was induced in C57BL/6J mice, which were divided into four groups: normal, peak disease, first remission, and second remission. The animals were killed and their lumbar spinal cords processed for in situ hybridization (IH), immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated an increase in glial reaction during the peak disease. During this period, the TEM analysis showed a reduction in the synaptic covering of the motoneurons, corresponding to a reduction in synaptophysin immunolabeling and an increase in the MHC I expression. The IH analysis reinforced the immunolabeling results, revealing an increased expression of MHC I mRNA by motoneurons and nonneuronal cells during the peak disease and first remission. The results observed in both remission groups indicated a return of the terminals to make contact with the motoneuron surface. The ratio between excitatory and inhibitory inputs increased, indicating the potential for development of an excitotoxic process. In conclusion, the results presented here indicate that MHC I up-regulation during the course of EAE correlates with the periods of synaptic plasticity induced by the infiltration of autoreactive immune cells and that synaptic plasticity decreases after recurrent peaks of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Freria
- Laboratory of Nerve Regeneration, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Marques KB, Scorisa JM, Zanon R, Freria CM, Santos LMB, Damasceno BP, Oliveira ALR. The immunomodulator glatiramer acetate influences spinal motoneuron plasticity during the course of multiple sclerosis in an animal model. Braz J Med Biol Res 2009; 42:179-88. [PMID: 19274346 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulador glatiramer acetate (GA) has been shown to significantly reduce the severity of symptoms during the course of multiple sclerosis and in its animal model--experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Since GA may influence the response of non-neuronal cells in the spinal cord, it is possible that, to some extent, this drug affects the synaptic changes induced during the exacerbation of EAE. In the present study, we investigated whether GA has a positive influence on the loss of inputs to the motoneurons during the course of EAE in rats. Lewis rats were subjected to EAE associated with GA or placebo treatment. The animals were sacrificed after 15 days of treatment and the spinal cords processed for immunohistochemical analysis and transmission electron microscopy. A correlation between the synaptic changes and glial activation was obtained by performing labeling of synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein using immunohistochemical analysis. Ultrastructural analysis of the terminals apposed to alpha motoneurons was also performed by electron transmission microscopy. Interestingly, although the GA treatment preserved synaptophysin labeling, it did not significantly reduce the glial reaction, indicating that inflammatory activity was still present. Also, ultrastructural analysis showed that GA treatment significantly prevented retraction of both F and S type terminals compared to placebo. The present results indicate that the immunomodulator GA has an influence on the stability of nerve terminals in the spinal cord, which in turn may contribute to its neuroprotective effects during the course of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Marques
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Abstract
During the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a massive loss of motor and sensitive function occurs, which has been classically attributed to the demyelination process. In rats, the clinical signs disappear within 5 days following complete tetraplegia, indicating that demyelination might not be the only cause for the rapid evolution of the disease. The present work investigated the occurrence of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced changes of the synaptic covering of spinal motoneurons during exacerbation and after remission. The terminals were typed with transmission electron microscopy as C-, F- and S-type. Immunohistochemical analysis of synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and the microglia/macrophage marker F4/80 were also used in order to draw a correlation between the synaptic changes and the glial reaction. The ultrastructural analysis showed that, during exacerbation, there was a strong retraction of both F- and S-type terminals. In this sense, both the covering as well as the length of the remaining terminals suffered great reductions. However, the retracted terminals rapidly returned to apposition, although the mean length remained shorter. A certain level of sprouting may have occurred as, after remission, the number of F-terminals was greater than in the control group. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that the peak of synaptic loss was coincident with an increased macro- and microglial reaction. Our results suggest that the major changes occurring in the spinal cord network during the time course of the disease may contribute significantly to the origin of the clinical signs as well as help to explain their rapid recovery.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism
- Gliosis/etiology
- Gliosis/pathology
- Gliosis/physiopathology
- Microscopy, Immunoelectron
- Motor Neurons/metabolism
- Motor Neurons/pathology
- Multiple Sclerosis/metabolism
- Multiple Sclerosis/pathology
- Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Nerve Degeneration/etiology
- Nerve Degeneration/pathology
- Nerve Degeneration/physiopathology
- Nerve Regeneration/physiology
- Neuronal Plasticity/physiology
- Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism
- Presynaptic Terminals/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Recovery of Function/physiology
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/pathology
- Spinal Cord/physiopathology
- Synaptophysin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Marques
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Barbieri C, Fujisawa MM, Yasuda CL, Metze IL, Oliveira EC, Santos LMB, Lopes LR, Andreollo NA. Effect of surgical treatment on the cellular immune response of gastric cancer patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 2003; 36:339-45. [PMID: 12640498 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2003000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with gastric cancer have a variety of immunological abnormalities. In the present study the lymphocytes and their subsets were determined in the peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer (N = 41) both before and after surgical treatment. The percent of helper/inducer CD4 T cells (43.6 +/- 8.9) was not different after tumor resection (43.6 +/- 8.2). The percent of the cytotoxic CD8+ T cell population decreased significantly, whether patients were treated surgically (27.2 +/- 5.8%, N = 20) or not (27.3 +/- 7.3%, N = 20) compared to individuals with inflammatory disease (30.9 +/- 7.5%) or to healthy individuals (33.2 +/- 7.6%). The CD4/CD8 ratio consequently increased in the group of cancer patients. The peripheral blood lymphocytes of gastric cancer patients showed reduced responsiveness to mitogens. The defective blastogenic response of the lymphocytes was not associated with the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF- ) since the patients with cancer had reduced production of TGF- Beta1 (269 +/- 239 pg/ml, N = 20) in comparison to the normal individuals (884 +/- 175 pg/ml, N = 20). These results indicate that the immune response of gastric cancer patients was not significantly modified by surgical treatment when evaluated four weeks after surgery and that the immunosuppression observed was not due to an increase in TGF- 1 production by peripheral leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Barbieri
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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