Total Laparoscopic Inferior Mesenteric Artery Ligation and Direct Sac Puncture Embolization Technique for Treatment of Type II Endoleak

Type II endoleak relates to aneurysm perfusion through a patent branch vessel. Reintervention for type II endoleak should be considered in the presence of significant aneurysm growth. Recurrences and subsequent reinterventions are frequent by occult type II endoleaks through feeder arterial branches. We report a case of a patient with a type II endoleak due to inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) patency associated with aneurysm sac growth after an unsuccessfully attempt of transarterial embolization. Laparoscopic ligation of the IMA with direct sac puncture embolization was performed. The postoperative and 1-year follow-up computed tomography angiography scan demonstrated no endoleak signs and aneurysm sac shrinkage. The proposed modification of this technique constitutes a novel approach to this entity. Total laparoscopic IMA ligation and direct sac puncture embolization technique may increase the success rate for the treatment of endoleaks type II by excluding the recurrences. This technique may offer a safe, feasible, and minimally invasive approach for type II endoleaks when other endovascular techniques are unsuccessful.

Laparoscopic treatment of median arcuate ligament syndrome: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is an uncommon condition caused by the extrinsic compression of the celiac trunk (CT) and celiac ganglion, secondary to an anatomical abnormality of the median arcuate ligament fibers. It is characterized by postprandial epigastric pain, chronic abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea and vomiting. MALS is typically diagnosed after the exclusion of other, more common conditions; however, a variety of imaging and diagnostic modalities, including Duplex ultrasonography, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, gastric tonometry and angiography can suggest findings consistent with MALS.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION

Laparoscopic approach has been proposed as the option of choice for the treatment of these patients. A systematic review of the international literature regarding this modality of treatment is presented here.

EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS

The review included 504 cases, and several principles are suggested to improve the management. The advantages of this minimally invasive technique include short operative time (136.0 minutes, range 70-242), shorter hospital stay (3.8 days, range 0.5-7) and low rate of conversion to open surgery (4.2%).

CONCLUSIONS

Various treatment modalities are available to decompress the celiac trunk. Although open surgery has been traditionally accepted as the gold standard, laparoscopic division of the MALS has proven equal results. Others have described different treatment modalities, including bypass surgery and endovascular procedures (angioplasty or stent placement). Laparoscopic approaches to correct MALS are feasible and safe. It may be the preferred modality of treatment in view of its lack of morbidity, shorter hospital stay and good results.