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Bekeredjian-Ding I, Trouvin JH, Depraetere H, La C, Suvarnapunya AE, Bell A, Mann A, Meij P, Bethony JM, Schellhaas L, Nazziwa WB, Karikari-Boateng E, Prachumsri JS, Salmikangas P, Smith D, Stjärnkvist P, Van Molle W, Baay M, Neels P. Controlled Human Infection Studies: Proposals for guidance on how to design, develop and produce a challenge strain. Biologicals 2021; 74:16-23. [PMID: 34620540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to establish quality principles for designing, developing and manufacturing challenge agents as currently these agents are classified differently by various jurisdictions. Indeed, considerations for challenge agent manufacturing vary between countries due to differences in regulatory oversight, the categorization of the challenge agent and incorporation into medicinal/vaccine development processes. To this end, a whitepaper on the guidance has been produced and disseminated for consultation to researchers, regulatory experts and regulatory or advisory bodies. This document is intended to discuss fundamental principles of selection, characterization, manufacture, quality control and storage of challenge agents for international reference. In the development phase, CMC documentation is needed for a candidate challenge agent, while standard operating procedure documentation is needed to monitor and control the manufacturing process, followed by use of qualified methods to test critical steps in the manufacturing process, or the final product itself. These activities are complementary: GMP rules, which intervene only at the time of the routine manufacturing of batches, do not contribute to the proper development and qualification of the candidate product. Some considerations regarding suitability of premises for challenge manufacturing was discussed in the presentation dedicated to "routine manufacturing".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Hugues Trouvin
- International Alliance for Biological Standardization - IABS, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Akamol E Suvarnapunya
- Department of Diarrheal Disease Research, Bacterial Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Pauline Meij
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Interdivisional GMP Facility, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey M Bethony
- NaL3 Production Unit, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Linda Schellhaas
- NaL3 Production Unit, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc Baay
- P95 Epidemiology & Pharmacovigilance, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Neels
- International Alliance for Biological Standardization - IABS, Geneva, Switzerland.
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