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Fitzsimons LA, Tasouri E, Willaredt MA, Stetson D, Gojak C, Kirsch J, Gardner HAR, Gorgas K, Tucker KL. Primary cilia are critical for tracheoesophageal septation. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:312-332. [PMID: 37776236 PMCID: PMC10922539 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary cilia play pivotal roles in the patterning and morphogenesis of a wide variety of organs during mammalian development. Here we examined murine foregut septation in the cobblestone mutant, a hypomorphic allele of the gene encoding the intraflagellar transport protein IFT88, a protein essential for normal cilia function. RESULTS We reveal a crucial role for primary cilia in foregut division, since their dramatic decrease in cilia in both the foregut endoderm and mesenchyme of mutant embryos resulted in a proximal tracheoesophageal septation defects and in the formation of distal tracheo(broncho)esophageal fistulae similar to the most common congenital tracheoesophageal malformations in humans. Interestingly, the dorsoventral patterning determining the dorsal digestive and the ventral respiratory endoderm remained intact, whereas Hedgehog signaling was aberrantly activated. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the cobblestone mutant to represent one of the very few mouse models that display both correct endodermal dorsoventral specification but defective compartmentalization of the proximal foregut. It stands exemplary for a tracheoesophageal ciliopathy, offering the possibility to elucidate the molecular mechanisms how primary cilia orchestrate the septation process. The plethora of malformations observed in the cobblestone embryo allow for a deeper insight into a putative link between primary cilia and human VATER/VACTERL syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Avery Fitzsimons
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, U.S.A
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005, U.S.A
| | - Evangelia Tasouri
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc August Willaredt
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Stetson
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, U.S.A
| | - Christian Gojak
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Kirsch
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Karin Gorgas
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerry L. Tucker
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, U.S.A
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005, U.S.A
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Lee K, Kang I, Mortimer JE, Sattler F, Mack WJ, Fitzsimons LA, Salem G, Dieli-Conwright CM. Effects of high-intensity interval training on vascular function in breast cancer survivors undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy: design of a pilot study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022622. [PMID: 29961039 PMCID: PMC6042553 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is higher among breast cancer survivors (BCS) who receive chemotherapy compared with those not receiving chemotherapy. Anthracycline chemotherapy is of particular concern due to anthracycline-related impairment of vascular endothelial cells and dysregulation of the extracellular matrix. One strategy proven to offset these impairments is a form of exercise known as high-intensity interval training (HIIT). HIIT improves endothelial function in non-cancer populations by decreasing oxidative stress, the main contributor to anthracycline-induced vascular dysfunction. The purpose of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility of an 8-week HIIT, as well as the HIIT effects on endothelial function and extracellular matrix remodelling, in BCS undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Thirty BCS are randomised to either HIIT, an 8-week HIIT intervention occurring three times per week (seven alternating bouts of 90% of peak power output followed by 10% peak power output), or delayed group (DEL). Feasibility of HIIT is assessed by (1) the percentage of completed exercise sessions and (2) the number of minutes of exercise completed over the course of the study. Vascular function is assessed using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and carotid intima media thickness. Extracellular matrix remodelling is assessed by the level of matrix metalloproteinases in the plasma. A repeated-measures analysis of covariance model will be performed with group (HIIT and DEL group) and time (pre/post assessment) as independent factors. We hypothesise that HIIT will be feasible in BCS undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy, and that HIIT will improve endothelial function and extracellular matrix remodelling, compared with the DEL group. Success of this study will provide evidence of feasibility and efficacy to support a larger definitive trial which will impact cancer survivorship by decreasing anthracycline-induced vascular dysfunction, thereby benefiting cardiovascular markers that are related to CVD risk. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial was approved by the University of Southern California Institutional Review Board (HS-15-00227). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02454777; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuwan Lee
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Irene Kang
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joanne E Mortimer
- Division of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Fred Sattler
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wendy J Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - George Salem
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christina M Dieli-Conwright
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
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Fitzsimons LA, Forrester J, Budziszewski K, Moran AM, Davidoff AJ, Tucker KL. Electrophysiological Consequences of Congenital Heart Defects Shaped by Primary Cilia‐Dependent Cardiac Developmental Processes. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.85.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Avery Fitzsimons
- College of Osteopathic MedicineUniversity of New EnglandBiddefordME
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & EngineeringUniversity of MaineOronoME
| | - John Forrester
- College of Osteopathic MedicineUniversity of New EnglandBiddefordME
| | | | - Adrian M. Moran
- Department of Neonatology; MMC CardiologyMaine Medical CenterPortlandME
| | - Amy J. Davidoff
- College of Osteopathic MedicineUniversity of New EnglandBiddefordME
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & EngineeringUniversity of MaineOronoME
| | - Kerry L. Tucker
- College of Osteopathic MedicineUniversity of New EnglandBiddefordME
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & EngineeringUniversity of MaineOronoME
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