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Castardo-de-Paula JC, de Campos BH, de Jager L, Amorim EDT, Zanluqui NG, de Farias CC, Higachi L, Pinge-Filho P, Barbosa DS, Martins-Pinge MC. Effects of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Cardiovascular Risk of Adult Endotoxemic Female Rats: Role of Estrogen. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1020. [PMID: 30108513 PMCID: PMC6079304 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Autonomic modulation responds to ovarian hormones and estrogen increases nitric oxide bioavailability. Also, females have minor susceptibility to sepsis and a higher survival rate. However, few studies have evaluated the role of estrogen in cardiovascular, autonomic, and oxidative parameters during initial endotoxemia and under inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibition in female rats. Methods: Female wistar rats were subjected to ovariectomy and divided into three groups: OVX (ovariectomized), OVX+E (OVX plus daily estradiol) and SHAM (false surgery). After 8 weeks, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in non-anesthetized catheterized rats, before and after intravenous LPS injection, preceded by S-methylisothiourea sulfate (SMT) injection, or sterile saline. Cardiovascular recordings underwent spectral analysis for evaluation of autonomic modulation. Two hours after LPS, plasma was collected to assess total radical-trapping antioxidant (TRAP), nitrite levels (NO2), lipoperoxidation (LOOH), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity. Results: Two hours after LPS, females treated with SMT presented a decrease of MAP, when compared to saline-LPS groups. At this same time, all SMT+LPS groups presented an increase of sympathetic and a decrease of parasympathetic modulation of HR. Two hours after saline+LPS, OVX presented decreased total radical-trapping antioxidant (TRAP) compared to SHAM. When treated with SMT+LPS, OVX did not altered TRAP, while estradiol reduced LOOH levels. Conclusion: iNOS would be responsible for sympathetic inhibition and consumption of antioxidant reserves of females during endotoxemia, since iNOS is inhibited, treatment with estradiol could be protective in inflammatory challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blenda H de Campos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Jager
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Eric D T Amorim
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Nágela G Zanluqui
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Carine C de Farias
- Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Luciana Higachi
- Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Décio S Barbosa
- Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marli C Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Brinholi FF, Farias CCD, Bonifácio KL, Higachi L, Casagrande R, Moreira EG, Barbosa DS. Clozapine and olanzapine are better antioxidants than haloperidol, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone in in vitro models. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:411-415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Higashi CM, Matsumoto AK, Gameiro JG, Moura KF, Higachi L, Oliveira LC, Barbosa DS, Moreira EG, Ceravolo GS. Does fish oil or folic acid prevent vascular changes in female progeny caused by maternal exposure to fluoxetine? Life Sci 2016; 152:165-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Brinholi FF, Noto C, Maes M, Bonifácio KL, Brietzke E, Ota VK, Gadelha A, Cordeiro Q, Belangero SI, Bressan RA, Vargas HO, Higachi L, de Farias CC, Moreira EG, Barbosa DS. Lowered paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity is associated with increased cytokine levels in drug naïve first episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2015; 166:225-30. [PMID: 26123170 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated immune-inflammatory pathways play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity is inversely associated with inflammatory responses in numerous clinical conditions. The aims of this study were to delineate serum arylesterase PON1 activity in drug-naïve first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and a healthy control group, and to assess whether there are inverse relationships between PON1 activity and cytokine levels. METHODS A total of 51 drug-naïve FEP patients and 61 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and activity of PON1 were quantified. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, FEP patients showed lower serum PON1 activity and higher levels of IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α. A significant inverse relationship between PON1 activity and IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels was detected, but not for TNF-α. Subjects with very low PON1 activity (25th quartile) presented significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-4 than those with higher PON1 activity (75th quartile). CONCLUSION The present study provides evidence that FEP is characterized by an inverse relationship between lowered activity of the anti-inflammatory/antioxidant enzyme PON1 and increased cytokine levels, including IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10. It is hypothesized that lowered PON1 activity may play a role in the immune-inflammatory response that accompanies FEP and that increased cytokine levels may further modulate PON1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiano Noto
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; First Episode Psychosis Program, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP,Brazil.
| | - Michael Maes
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Elisa Brietzke
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Kiyomi Ota
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Quirino Cordeiro
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; First Episode Psychosis Program, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP,Brazil
| | - Sintia Iole Belangero
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan
- LiNC-Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Heber Odebrecht Vargas
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciana Higachi
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Tunin LM, Borghi FB, Nogueira AC, Higachi L, Barbosa DS, Baesso ML, Hernandes L, Diniz A, Truiti MDCT. Employing photoacoustic spectroscopy in the evaluation of the skin permeation profile of emulsion containing antioxidant phenolic-rich extract of Melochia arenosa. Pharm Biol 2015; 54:139-145. [PMID: 25857682 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1021817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Oxidative stress is an important factor modulating skin alterations. Melochia arenosa Benth. (Malvaceae) is a Brazilian plant with antimicrobial activity and antioxidant potential. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to develop a topical formulation containing antioxidant phenolic-rich extract of M. arenosa and to evaluate its skin permeation profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS Response surface methodology was used to maximize the total phenolic (TP) content of the extract and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and respiratory burst methods. An emulsion containing 1% optimized extract (OE) was developed and employed photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) for the determination of its skin permeation profile. The morphology of the skin was studied in histological sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The optimum conditions predicted for the major extractive efficiency of the phenolics with 100% ethanol led extraction time 101 h and plant:solvent proportion 1:13.5 (w/v). OE presented TP = 724.6 ± 8.2 mg GAE/g extract and scavenging capacity of DPPH (IC50 value = 11.43 ± 0.14 µg/mL) and ABTS radicals (IC50 value = 35.42 ± 0.48 µg/mL). The production of ROS by neutrophils after stimulation with phorbol miristate acetate was lower when the OE was present in the reaction medium, endorsing its high antioxidant capacity. The data obtained by PAS indicated that the OE present in the emulsion has permeated and was distributed in the whole skin. No histopathological alterations were observed in the histological analysis. CONCLUSION The formulation developed is a promising tool for skin care and could prevent the damage caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Claudia Nogueira
- b Departamento de Física , Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá PR , Brazil
| | - Luciana Higachi
- c Departamento de Patologia, Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina PR , Brazil , and
| | - Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
- c Departamento de Patologia, Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina PR , Brazil , and
| | - Mauro Luciano Baesso
- b Departamento de Física , Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá PR , Brazil
| | - Luzmarina Hernandes
- d Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas , Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá PR , Brazil
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Farias CCD, Bonifácio KL, Matsumoto AK, Higachi L, Casagrande R, Moreira EG, Barbosa DS. Comparison of the antioxidant potential of antiparkinsonian drugs in different in vitro models. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502014000400017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Furthermore, oxidative stress plays a role in PD, causing or contributing to the neurodegenerative process. Currently PD has only symptomatic treatment and still nothing can be done to stop the degenerative process of the disease. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the antioxidant capacity of pramipexole, selegeline and amantadine in different in vitrostudies and to offer possible explanations on the molecular antioxidant mechanisms of these drugs. In vitro, the antioxidant capacity of the drugs was assessed by the ability of antiparkinsonian drugs to decrease or scavenge ROS in the neutrophil respiratory burst, ability of antiparkinsonian drugs to donate hydrogen and stabilize the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH•), to scavenge 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS+) and evaluation of the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). This study demonstrated that both pramipexole and selegiline, but not amantadine, have antioxidant effects in vitro by scavenging superoxide anion on the respiratory burst, donating electron in the ABTS+ assay and presenting ferric reduction antioxidant power. This chemical structure-related antioxidant capacity suggests a possible neuroprotective mechanism of these drugs beyond their already recognized mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rúbia Casagrande
- State University of Londrina, Brazil; State University of Londrina, Brazil
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Boll KM, Bortolasci CC, Zaminelli T, Veríssimo LF, Bacchi AD, Higachi L, Barbosa DS, Moreira EG. Passiflora incarnata treatment during gestation and lactation: toxicological and antioxidant evaluation in wistar dams. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502014000200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Passiflora incarnata is marketed in many countries as a phytomedicine. Even though the directions of most marketed phytomedicines recommend them to be used under medical supervision, reproductive and developmental studies are sparse and not mandatory for regulatory purposes. In this study, a reproductive toxicity evaluation of P. incarnata was conducted in Wistar rats gavaged (30 or 300 mg/kg) during pregnancy and lactation. Moreover, considering that antioxidant properties have been attributed to flavonoids present in the genus Passiflora, it was also evaluated the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance in the plasma of these dams and the antioxidant potential in an in vitro test. P. incarnata treatment did not influence dams´ body weight as well as reproductive (gestation length, post-implantation loss, litter size, litter weight) and hepatic (albumin, AST, ALT, GGT) parameters. The antioxidant property of P. incarnata was evidenced both in vivo (increase in the total antioxidant plasmatic potential) and in vitro (decrease in neutrophil-induced respiratory burst). The results from the present study indicate that under the experimental conditions evaluated, P. incarnata treatment during gestation and lactation presented antioxidant activity in the absence of maternal reproductive toxicity.
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