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Partyka O, Pajewska M, Kwaśniewska D, Czerw A, Deptała A, Budzik M, Cipora E, Gąska I, Gazdowicz L, Mielnik A, Sygit K, Sygit M, Krzych-Fałta E, Schneider-Matyka D, Grochans S, Cybulska AM, Drobnik J, Bandurska E, Ciećko W, Ratajczak P, Kamecka K, Marczak M, Kozłowski R. Overview of Pancreatic Cancer Epidemiology in Europe and Recommendations for Screening in High-Risk Populations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3634. [PMID: 37509296 PMCID: PMC10377815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the seventh most common cause of death in the group of oncological diseases. Due to the asymptomatic course, early diagnosis is difficult. Currently, early detection methods are only used in high-risk groups. A literature review based on the available results of observational studies on patients with pancreatic cancer and people from high-risk groups was used to summarize the knowledge on risk factors. The GLOBOCAN 2020 data were used to assess the epidemiological situation in Europe. A summary of screening recommendations was prepared based on the available documents from medical organizations and associations. Pancreatic cancer risk factors are divided into two main groups: non-modifiable factors, e.g., hereditary factors and age, which increase the risk of developing this disease, and modifiable factors-BMI, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Hereditary factors account for 10% of pancreatic cancer cases. The highly specialized methods of early detection, (MRI, CT, or EUS) are used for screening high-risk populations. Of all the imaging methods, EUS is considered the most sensitive for pancreatic cancer and allows an accurate assessment of the size of even small lesions (<30 mm) and the extent of tumour infiltration into blood vessels. The available studies vary on the level of sensitivity and specificity of these methods for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. EUS, MRI, and CT are also expensive procedures and in some patients can be invasive, which is one of the arguments against the introduction of population screening programs based on imaging methods. Therefore, it is important to look for viable solutions that would improve early detection. This is important from the point of view of healthcare systems in Europe, where almost 29% of all global pancreatic cancer cases are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Partyka
- Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Pajewska
- Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daria Kwaśniewska
- Department of Oncology, The National Institute of Medicine of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Czerw
- Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Deptała
- Department of Oncology Propaedeutics, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Budzik
- Department of Oncology Propaedeutics, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Cipora
- Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland
| | - Izabela Gąska
- Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland
| | - Lucyna Gazdowicz
- Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland
| | - Aneta Mielnik
- Medical Institute, Jan Grodek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Marian Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Edyta Krzych-Fałta
- Department of Basic of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Szymon Grochans
- Department of Specialised Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna M Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Drobnik
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 51-141 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Bandurska
- Center for Competence Development, Integrated Care and e-Health, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Weronika Ciećko
- Center for Competence Development, Integrated Care and e-Health, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Ratajczak
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Social Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Kamecka
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Marczak
- Collegium Management, WSB Merito University in Warsaw, 03-204 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Kozłowski
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland
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