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Mohtar SS, Tengku Malim Busu TNZ, Md Noor AM, Shaari N, Yusoff NA, Bustam Khalil MA, Abdul Mutalib MI, Mat HB. Extraction and characterization of lignin from oil palm biomass via ionic liquid dissolution and non-toxic aluminium potassium sulfate dodecahydrate precipitation processes. Bioresour Technol 2015; 192:212-8. [PMID: 26038325 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to extract and characterize lignin from oil palm biomass (OPB) by dissolution in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([bmim][Cl]), followed by the lignin extraction through the CO2 gas purging prior to addition of aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate (AlK(SO4)2 · 12H2O). The lignin yield, Y(L) (%wt.) was found to be dependent of the types of OPB observed for all precipitation methods used. The lignin recovery, RL (%wt.) obtained from CO2-AlK(SO4)2 · 12H2O precipitation was, however dependent on the types of OPB, which contradicted to that of the acidified H2SO4 and HCl solutions of pH 0.7 and 2 precipitations. Only about 54% of lignin was recovered from the OPB. The FTIR results indicate that the monodispersed lignin was successfully extracted from the OPT, OPF and OPEFB having a molecular weight (MW) of 1331, 1263 and 1473 g/mol, and degradation temperature of 215, 207.5 and 272 °C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Mohtar
- Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - T N Z Tengku Malim Busu
- Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - A M Md Noor
- Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - N Shaari
- Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - N A Yusoff
- Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M A Bustam Khalil
- Petronas Ionic Liquid Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - M I Abdul Mutalib
- Petronas Ionic Liquid Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - H B Mat
- Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Novel Materials Research Group, Frontier Materials Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
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