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Afshari M, Morris S, Geulig LD, Chitgar ZM, Gibbon P, Thirolf PG, Schreiber J. The role of collisional ionization in heavy ion acceleration by high intensity laser pulses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18260. [PMID: 36309599 PMCID: PMC9617862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here simulation results of the laser-driven acceleration of gold ions using the EPOCH code. Recently, an experiment reported the acceleration of gold ions up to 7 MeV/nucleon with a strong dependency of the charge-state distribution on target thickness and the detection of the highest charge states [Formula: see text]. Our simulations using a developmental branch of EPOCH (4.18-Ionization) show that collisional ionization is the most important cause of charge states beyond Z = 51 up to He-like Au.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Afshari
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - S. Morris
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - L. D. Geulig
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Z. M. Chitgar
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Gibbon
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. G. Thirolf
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - J. Schreiber
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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Dziadziuszko R, Ahn M, Kelly K, Popat S, Wakelee H, Baird A, Rooney I, Afshari M, Coleman S, Zhang Z, Kiruki H, Patil N, Wen X, Bradley J. SKYSCRAPER-03: A Phase III, Open-Label, Randomized Study of Atezolizumab Plus Tiragolumab Compared With Durvalumab in Patients With Locally Advanced, Unresectable, Stage III NSCLC Who Have Not Progressed After Platinum-Based Concurrent Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Prasselsperger A, Coughlan M, Breslin N, Yeung M, Arthur C, Donnelly H, White S, Afshari M, Speicher M, Yang R, Villagomez-Bernabe B, Currell FJ, Schreiber J, Dromey B. Real-Time Electron Solvation Induced by Bursts of Laser-Accelerated Protons in Liquid Water. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:186001. [PMID: 34767414 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.186001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of proton energy deposition in matter and subsequent damage formation is fundamental to radiation science. Here we exploit the picosecond (10^{-12} s) resolution of laser-driven accelerators to track ultrafast solvation dynamics for electrons due to proton radiolysis in liquid water (H_{2}O). Comparing these results with modeling that assumes initial conditions similar to those found in photolysis reveals that solvation time due to protons is extended by >20 ps. Supported by magnetohydrodynamic theory this indicates a highly dynamic phase in the immediate aftermath of the proton interaction that is not accounted for in current models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Prasselsperger
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Coughlan
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - N Breslin
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Yeung
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - C Arthur
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - H Donnelly
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S White
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Afshari
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Speicher
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Yang
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B Villagomez-Bernabe
- The Dalton Cumbria Facility and the School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - F J Currell
- The Dalton Cumbria Facility and the School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Schreiber
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B Dromey
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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Dziadziuszko R, Ahn MJ, Kelly K, Popat S, Wakelee H, Baird AM, Rooney I, Afshari M, Yao E, Zhang Z, Kuriki H, Patil N, Wen X, Bradley J. 1190TiP SKYSCRAPER-03: Phase III, open-label randomised study of atezolizumab + tiragolumab vs durvalumab in patients with locally advanced, unresectable, stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have not progressed after platinum-based concurrent chemoradiation (cCRT). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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5
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Pourali F, Afshari M, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Javidnia J, Moosazadeh M, Hessami A. Relationship between blood group and risk of infection and death in COVID-19: a live meta-analysis. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 37:100743. [PMID: 32837730 PMCID: PMC7418722 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between ABO blood group and the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and death has been investigated in several studies. The reported results were controversial, so the objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between different blood groups and the onset and mortality of COVID-19 infection using a meta-analysis method. We searched relevant databases using appropriate MeSH terms. We screened articles on the bases of titles, abstracts and full text, and articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment was done with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale checklist. The estimated frequency of COVID-19 infection and death in terms of ABO blood group and the overall estimate of the odds ratio between blood group with COVID-19 infection and death was calculated with 95% confidence interval. The pooled frequency of blood groups A, B, O and AB among COVID-19-infected individuals was estimated as 36.22%, 24.99%, 29.67% and 9.29% respectively. The frequency of blood groups A, B, O and AB among patients who died of COVID-19 infection was estimated as 40%, 23%, 29% and 8% respectively. The odds ratio of COVID-19 infection for blood group A versus the other blood groups was estimated as 1.16 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.33). The corresponding figures for blood groups O and AB versus other blood groups were estimated as 0.73 (95% CI, 0.60-0.88) and 1.25 (95% CI, 0.84-1.86) respectively. This meta-analysis showed that individuals with blood group A are at higher risk for COVID-19 infection while those with blood group O are at lower risk. Although the odds ratio of death for AB blood group was nonsignificant, it was considerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Pourali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran
| | - M. Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - R. Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - J. Javidnia
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran
| | - M. Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - A. Hessami
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Karamikabir H, Afshari M, Lak F. Wavelet threshold based on Stein's unbiased risk estimators of restricted location parameter in multivariate normal. J Appl Stat 2020; 48:1712-1729. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2020.1772209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Karamikabir
- Department of Statistics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - M. Afshari
- Department of Statistics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - F. Lak
- Department of Statistics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
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Afshari M, Krumey P, Menn D, Nicoul M, Brinks F, Tarasevitch A, Sokolowski-Tinten K. Time-resolved diffraction with an optimized short pulse laser plasma X-ray source. Struct Dyn 2020; 7:014301. [PMID: 31934600 PMCID: PMC6941949 DOI: 10.1063/1.5126316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a setup for time-resolved X-ray diffraction based on a short pulse, laser-driven plasma X-ray source. The employed modular design provides high flexibility to adapt the setup to the specific requirements (e.g., X-ray optics and sample environment) of particular applications. The configuration discussed here has been optimized toward high angular/momentum resolution and uses K α -radiation (4.51 keV) from a Ti wire-target in combination with a toroidally bent crystal for collection, monochromatization, and focusing of the emitted radiation. 2 × 10 5 Ti-K α1 photons per pulse with10 - 4 relative bandwidth are delivered to the sample at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. This allows for the high dynamic range (104) measurements of transient changes in the rocking curves of materials as for example induced by laser-triggered strain waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Afshari
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - P Krumey
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - D Menn
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - M Nicoul
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - F Brinks
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - A Tarasevitch
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - K Sokolowski-Tinten
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
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8
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Hosseini S, Afshari M, Fazlali A, Koudzari Farahani S, Bandehali S, Van der Bruggen B, Bagheripour E. Mixed matrix PES-based nanofiltration membrane decorated by (Fe3O4–polyvinylpyrrolidone) composite nanoparticles with intensified antifouling and separation characteristics. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Babadi N, Tavakkoli H, Afshari M. Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite NiFe2O4@SalenSi and its application in efficient removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution. B CHEM SOC ETHIOPIA 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/bcse.v32i1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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Dehghani SM, Shahramian I, Afshari M, Bahmanyar M, Ataollahi M, Sargazi A. Acute Hepatic Allograft Rejection in Pediatric Recipients: Effective Factors. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2018; 9. [PMID: 29531646 PMCID: PMC5839629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute cellular rejection (ACR), a reversible process, can affect the graft survival. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relation between ACR and clinical factors in recipients of allograft liver transplantation. METHODS 47 recipients of liver were consecutively enrolled in a retrospective study. Their information were retrieved from their medical records and analyzed. RESULTS Of the 47 recipients, 38 (81%) experienced acute rejection during 24 months of the transplantation. None of the studied factors for occurring transplant rejection, i.e., blood groups, sex, age, familial history of disease, receiving drugs and blood products, type of donor, Child score, and Child class, was not found to be significant. CONCLUSION During a limited follow-up period, we did not find any association between ACR and suspected risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Dehghani
- Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - I. Shahramian
- Associate Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran,Correspondence: I. Shahramian, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran E-mail:
| | - M. Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - M. Bahmanyar
- Assistant Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M. Ataollahi
- Assistant Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A. Sargazi
- Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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11
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Gorjizadeh M, Afshari M. 4-Bis(triphenylphosphonium)-2-butene peroxodisulfate as an efficient oxidizing agent for one-pot synthesis of ethyl pyrimidin-2(1H)-one-5-carboxylates. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363217040284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Gorjizadeh M, Afshari M, Naseh M. Mild regioselective iodination of pyrazoles using n-butyltriphenylphosphonium peroxodisulfate. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216080259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Afshari
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - F. Lak
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - B. Gholizadeh
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
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Moghaddasifar I, Lankarani KB, Moosazadeh M, Afshari M, Ghaemi A, Aliramezany M, Afsar Gharebagh R, Malary M. Prevalence of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Related Factors in Iran. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2016; 7:149-160. [PMID: 27721961 PMCID: PMC5054138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in developing and developed countries. Estimating the total prevalence of NAFLD by means of appropriate statistical methods can provide reliable evidence for health policy makers. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of NAFLD in Iran using a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We identified relevant studies by searching national and international databases. Standard error of the prevalence reported in each study was calculated assuming a binomial distribution. The heterogeneity between the results of the studies was determined using Cochran's Q and I square indices. We used a random effect model to combine the prevalence rates reported in the studies. RESULTS We entered 23 eligible studies in this systematic review investigated NAFLD among 25,865 Iranian people. The total prevalence of NAFLD, prevalence of mild, moderate and severe fatty liver disease were estimated at 33.9% (95% CI 26.4%-41.5%), 26.7% (95% CI 21.7%-31.7%), 7.6% (95% CI 5.7%-9.4%), and 0.5% (95% CI 0.1%-0.9%), respectively. The majority of studies reported that NAFLD was more common among men (seven of eight studies), obese person (15 of 15 studies), older people (10 of 10 studies), patients with systolic hypertension (5 of 8 studies), patients with diastolic hypertension (7 of 9 studies), patients with hypertriglyceridemia (14 of 16 studies), patients with high HOMA level (4 of 4 studies), patients with metabolic syndrome (4 of 4 studies), and those with elevated serum ALT (8 of 12 studies). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the prevalence of NAFLD in Iran was relatively high and male gender, old age, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, systolic/diastolic hypertension, high serum ALT, and hypertriglyceridemia may be determinants of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Moghaddasifar
- Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - K. B. Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M. Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Correspondence: Mahmood Moosazadeh, MPH, PhD, Assistant Professor, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, E-mail:
| | - M. Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - A. Ghaemi
- Department of Basic Science and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M. Aliramezany
- Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute of Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - M. Malary
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Moosazadeh M, Nezammahalleh A, Movahednia M, Movahednia N, Khanjani N, Afshari M. Predictive factors of death in patients with tuberculosis: a nested case–control study. Easter Mediterr Health J 2015; 21:287-92. [DOI: 10.26719/2015.21.4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Afshari M. A Fast Wavelet Algorithm for Analyzing One-Dimensional Signal Processing and Asymptotic Distribution of Wavelet Coefficients With Numerical Example and Simulation. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03610926.2011.642917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Haghdoost AA, Ghazi M, Rafiee Z, Afshari M. The trend of governmental support from post-graduated Iranian students in medical fields to study abroad. Iran J Public Health 2013; 42:141-6. [PMID: 23865032 PMCID: PMC3712597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the trend and composition of post-graduate Iranian students who received governmental scholarship during the last two decades. METHOD Detailed information about the awarded scholarships and also about the number of post graduate students in clinical and basic sciences in domestic universities were collected from the related offices within the ministry of health and medical education and their trends were triangulated. RESULTS A sharp drop was observed in the number of awarded scholarships, from 263 in 1992 to 46 in 2009. In the beginning, almost all of scholarships fully supported students for a whole academic course; while in recent years most of scholarships supported students for a short fellowship or complementary course (more than 80%). Students studied in a wide range of colleges within 30 countries; more than 50% in Europe. Although one third of students studied in UK in the first years, only 4% of students selected this country in recent years. conversely, the number of scholarships to Germany and sweden have increased more than 10 and 3 times during this period. In parallel, the capacity of domestic universities for training of post-graduate students has been expanded dramatically. CONCLUSION Although expanding post-graduate education has been one of the main strategic objectives of the ministry of health and medical education in last two decades, it was obtained using different approaches. By time, more attention was to expanding the capacities of Iranian universities, and choosing less but more targeted students to continue their studies abroad.
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Affiliation(s)
- AA Haghdoost
- Research Center for Modeling in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Ghazi
- The Center for Management of Students’ Affairs, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Rafiee
- The Center for Management of Students’ Affairs, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Afshari
- Research Center for Modeling in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Corresponding Author:
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18
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Najafipour H, Mirzazadeh A, Haghdoost AA, Shadkam M, Afshari M, Moazenzadeh M, Nasri HR, Masoomi M, Mirzaiepour F, Azimzadeh BS, Forood A, Bahreini F, Mahmoudi MR, Sanjari M, Mohamadi TM, Banivaheb GH, Naderi MA, Kashanian GHM, Afshar RM, Ghazanfari Z, Navadeh S, Esmaeili AS. Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors in an Urban and Peri-urban Setting, Kerman, Southeastern Iran (KERCADR Study): Methodology and Preliminary Report. Iran J Public Health 2012. [PMID: 23193513 PMCID: PMC3494222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article was to present the sampling and measurements methods and the main preliminary findings of the KERCADR cohort study (first round) in an urban and peri-urban setting, Kerman, southeastern Iran 2009-11. METHOD 5900 (3238 female) people aged between 15 to 75 years were recruited in the household survey by non-proportional to size one-stage cluster sampling. Trained internal specialists, general practitioners, clinical psychologists and dentists have assessed the study subjects by person-assisted questionnaires regarding different NCD risk factors including cigarette and opium smoking, physical activity, nutrition habits, anxiety, depression, obesity, hypertension and oral health. Blood samples were also collected for determining FBS, HbA1c, cholesterol and triglyceride. Weighted standardized prevalence estimates were calculated by STATA 10 survey analysis package. RESULTS The participation rate was more than 95% in all subgroups. Cigarette smoking (18.4% vs. 1.2%), opium use (17.8% vs. 3.0%) and triglyceridemia (16.1% vs. 12.0%) were significantly higher among men than women. In contrast, women were presented with higher level of sever anxiety (29.1% vs. 16.7%), obesity (16.8% vs. 9.2%), low-physical activity (45.1% vs. 39.2%) and uncontrolled diabetes (60.2% vs. 31.0%). More than 68% of all subjects have presented with moderate to severe gingival index scores. CONCLUSION The first round of the KERCADR cohort with sufficient sample size and response rate provided precise estimates for the main clinical and para-clinical NCD risk factors. These evidences need to be translated into public health interventions and monitored in the next rounds of the cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Najafipour
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - A Mirzazadeh
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center for Modeling in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-(0)-341-2263725, E-mail address:
| | - AA Haghdoost
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center for Modeling in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Shadkam
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Afshari
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center for Modeling in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Moazenzadeh
- Dept. of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - HR Nasri
- Dept. of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Masoomi
- Dept. of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - F Mirzaiepour
- Dept. of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - B Sarvar Azimzadeh
- Dept. of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - A Forood
- Dept. of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - F Bahreini
- Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - MR Mahmoudi
- Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Sanjari
- Dept. of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - T Malek Mohamadi
- Dept. of Dental Public Health, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - GH Banivaheb
- Dept. of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - MA Naderi
- Dept. of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - GH Moshtaghi Kashanian
- Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - R Malekpour Afshar
- Dept. of Pathology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Z Ghazanfari
- Dept. of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - S Navadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Shah Esmaeili
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Afshari M, Dehghany M, McKellar ARW, Moazzen-Ahmadi N. New infrared bands of nonpolar OCS dimer and experimental frequencies for two intermolecular modes. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:054304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4739465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Kooti M, Afshari M. Molybdenum Schiff Base Complex Covalently Anchored to Silica-Coated Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles as a Novel Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Oxidation of Alkenes. Catal Letters 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-012-0770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Afshari M, Gupta A, Jung D, Kotek R, Tonelli A, Vasanthan N. Properties of films and fibers obtained from Lewis acid–base complexed nylon 6,6. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Monti H, Piras P, Afshari M, Faure R. Structural elucidation of the cyclic products obtained from TiCl4-catalysed reaction of methyl cyclopropyl ketones with allyltrimethylsilane using 1H, 13C and two-dimensional homonuclear correlation shift spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(91)87024-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kay HR, Afshari M, Barash P, Webler W, Iskandrian A, Bemis C, Hakki AH, Mundth ED. Measurement of ejection fraction by thermal dilution techniques. J Surg Res 1983; 34:337-46. [PMID: 6834817 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(83)90081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The reproducibility, accuracy, and clinical applicability of ventricular ejection fraction derived by a thermal dilution technique were assessed in 22 dogs and 18 patients. Results obtained by the thermal technique were compared to simultaneous results obtained by radionuclide angiography. Right ventricular ejection fraction, measured in 9 dogs (1014 determinations) and 8 patients (744 determinations) was reproducible +/- 5%. Left ventricular ejection fraction, measured in 10 patients, was reproducible +/- 5%. Correlation between thermal and radionuclear measurements varied from 0.86 to 0.93 (all P less than 0.02). We conclude that, because of its low cost, ease of use, and accuracy, thermally derived ejection fraction determinations can be helpful in hemodynamic monitoring of critically ill patients.
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Jafari N, Kumar M, Donnelly JC, Afshari M. Removal of a foreign body from the esophagus. Del Med J 1981; 53:443-5. [PMID: 7338286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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