Occurrence of intersexuality in Mugil curema from an estuary of the North coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil - case report

ABSTRACT This study describes the occurrence of reproductive changes in a mullet (Mugil curema) from the Babibtonga Bay, Santa Catarina. Gross and microscopic findings indicated changes in the reproductive system that were characterized by the presence of both male and female gonads, nearing sexual maturity, which was compatible with the diagnosis of intersex. It was not possible to identify predisposing factors that may have contributed to the development of this condition. However, as this species of fish may have their reproductive development affected by anthropogenic influence, it is important to permanently monitor this kind of environment. Considering the number of fish belonging to this species that was examined (n=433), the estimated prevalence for intersexuality was 0.23% (confidence interval: 0.00 to 0.68%, with confidence level of 95%). The findings in this study support the diagnosis of intersexuality in M. curema from the Babitonga Bay, which is the first documented case of this condition in this species on the coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil.

[Epidemiology of polydactylies: a case-control study in the population of Pelotas-RS]

OBJECTIVE: To identify and compare cases of isolated polydactyly with healthy newborns regarding familial and maternal characteristics. METHODS: We conducted this hospital-based case-control study from 1990 to 1998. We collected data in interviews with mothers of cases and controls during the post-delivery period. Cases were defined as newborns presenting an extra or a bifid digit in hands and/or feet. Controls were the four healthy newborns that were born after the case, at the same hospital. Information was gathered on type of polydactyly, gender and birthweight, twin pregnancy, parental consanguinity, ethnicity. RESULTS: African ancestry and positive family history of congenital malformation, especially polydactyly, were significantly associated with the occurrence of this type of congenital anomaly (crude OR of 3.3; 10.0; and 55.0, respectively). CONCLUSION: Isolated polydactyly was one of the most frequent malformations found in the studied population. The findings associated with black African ancestry confirm the data presented in the literature. Studies conducted on this same population, with a larger population of patients with this type of malformation, could investigate this association better and justify the results presented here.