Claretti M, Pradelli D, Borgonovo S, Boz E, Bussadori CM. Clinical, echocardiographic and advanced imaging characteristics of 13 dogs with systemic-to-pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas.
J Vet Cardiol 2018;
20:415-424. [PMID:
30526957 DOI:
10.1016/j.jvc.2018.10.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The objective is to describe the clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic and angiographic findings in dogs with systemic-to-pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (SPAVF).
ANIMALS
Thirteen medical records of client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of SPAVF were reviewed/analysed.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study of case records. Thoracic radiography, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), three-dimensional TEE, intracardiac echocardiography, fluoroscopy-guided or computed tomography (CT) angiography were carried out.
RESULTS
Based on the TTE, SPAVF was identified in seven of the included dogs. In eight cases, TEE and angiography were both performed and confirmed the diagnosis. Computed tomography angiography was performed in three dogs. A case was diagnosed by TEE alone, another one by three-dimensional TEE and the latter by intracardiac echocardiography.
CONCLUSIONS
Transthoracic echocardiography identified seven cases of SPAVF, while definitive diagnosis in the remaining dogs required selective angiography or computed tomography angiography.
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