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Couto PG, Silva-Cavalcante MD, Mezêncio B, Azevedo RA, Cruz R, Bertuzzi R, Lima-Silva AE, Kiss MAPD. Effects of caffeine on central and peripheral fatigue following closed- and open-loop cycling exercises. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11901. [PMID: 35239783 PMCID: PMC8905674 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether endurance performance and neuromuscular fatigue would be
affected by caffeine ingestion during closed- and open-loop exercises. Nine
cyclists performed a closed-loop (4,000-m cycling time trial) and an open-loop
exercise (work rate fixed at mean power of the closed-loop trial) 60 min after
ingesting caffeine (CAF, 5 mg/kg) or placebo (PLA, cellulose). Central and
peripheral fatigue was quantified via pre- to post-exercise decrease in
quadriceps voluntary activation and potentiated twitch force, respectively. Test
sensitivity for detecting caffeine-induced improvements in exercise performance
was calculated as the mean change in time divided by the error of measurement.
Caffeine ingestion reduced the time of the closed-loop trial (PLA: 375.1±14.5 s
vs CAF: 368.2±14.9 s, P=0.024) and increased exercise
tolerance during the open-loop trial (PLA: 418.2±99.5 s vs CAF:
552.5±106.5 s, P=0.001), with similar calculated sensitivity indices (1.5,
90%CI: 0.7-2.9 vs 2.8, 90%CI: 1.9-5.1). The reduction in
voluntary activation was more pronounced (P=0.019) in open- (-6.8±8.3%) than in
closed-loop exercises (-1.9±4.4%), but there was no difference between open- and
closed-loop exercises for the potentiated twitch force reduction (-25.6±12.8
vs -26.6±12.0%, P>0.05). Caffeine had no effect on
central and peripheral fatigue development in either mode of exercise. In
conclusion, caffeine improved endurance performance in both modes of exercise
without influence on post-exercise central and peripheral fatigue, with the
open-loop exercise imposing a greater challenge to central fatigue
tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Couto
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio da USP, Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - B Mezêncio
- Laboratório de Biomecânica, Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R A Azevedo
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio da USP, Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R Cruz
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio da USP, Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Grupo de Pesquisa em Performance Humana, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - R Bertuzzi
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio da USP, Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A E Lima-Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Performance Humana, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - M A P D Kiss
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio da USP, Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Silva R, Damasceno M, Cruz R, Silva-Cavalcante MD, Lima-Silva AE, Bishop DJ, Bertuzzi R. Effects of a 4-week high-intensity interval training on pacing during 5-km running trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6335. [PMID: 29069224 PMCID: PMC5649866 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed the influence of a 4-week high-intensity interval training on the pacing strategy adopted by runners during a 5-km running trial. Sixteen male recreational long-distance runners were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, n=8) or a high-intensity interval training group (HIIT, n=8). The HIIT group performed high-intensity interval-training twice per week, while the CON group maintained their regular training program. Before and after the training period, the runners performed an incremental exercise test to exhaustion to measure the onset of blood lactate accumulation, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and peak treadmill speed (PTS). A submaximal constant-speed test to measure the running economy (RE) and a 5-km running trial on an outdoor track to establish pacing strategy and performance were also done. During the 5-km running trial, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and time to cover the 5-km trial (T5) were registered. After the training period, there were significant improvements in the HIIT group of ∼7 and 5% for RE (P=0.012) and PTS (P=0.019), respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups for VO2max (P=0.495) or onset of blood lactate accumulation (P=0.101). No difference was found in the parameters measured during the 5-km trial before the training period between HIIT and CON (P>0.05). These findings suggest that 4 weeks of HIIT can improve some traditional physiological variables related to endurance performance (RE and PTS), but it does not alter the perception of effort, pacing strategy, or overall performance during a 5-km running trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Silva
- Grupo de Estudos do Desempenho Aeróbio (GEADE-USP), Departamento de Esportes Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - M Damasceno
- Grupo de Estudos do Desempenho Aeróbio (GEADE-USP), Departamento de Esportes Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - R Cruz
- Grupo de Estudos do Desempenho Aeróbio (GEADE-USP), Departamento de Esportes Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - M D Silva-Cavalcante
- Grupo de Estudos do Desempenho Aeróbio (GEADE-USP), Departamento de Esportes Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.,Grupo de Pesquisa em Ciência do Esporte, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brasil
| | - A E Lima-Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ciência do Esporte, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brasil.,Grupo de Pesquisa em Desempenho Humano, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Paraná, Brasil
| | - D J Bishop
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - R Bertuzzi
- Grupo de Estudos do Desempenho Aeróbio (GEADE-USP), Departamento de Esportes Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
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Lima-Silva AE, Silva-Cavalcante MD, Pires FO, Bertuzzi R, Oliveira RSF, Bishop D. Listening to music in the first, but not the last 1.5 km of a 5-km running trial alters pacing strategy and improves performance. Int J Sports Med 2012; 33:813-8. [PMID: 22592542 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of listening to music on attentional focus, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), pacing strategy and performance during a simulated 5-km running race. 15 participants performed 2 controlled trials to establish their best baseline time, followed by 2 counterbalanced experimental trials during which they listened to music during the first (M start) or the last (M finish) 1.5 km. The mean running velocity during the first 1.5 km was significantly higher in M start than in the fastest control condition (p<0.05), but there was no difference in velocity between conditions during the last 1.5 km (p>0.05). The faster first 1.5 m in M start was accompanied by a reduction in associative thoughts compared with the fastest control condition. There were no significant differences in RPE between conditions (p>0.05). These results suggest that listening to music at the beginning of a trial may draw the attentional focus away from internal sensations of fatigue to thoughts about the external environment. However, along with the reduction in associative thoughts and the increase in running velocity while listening to music, the RPE increased linearly and similarly under all conditions, suggesting that the change in velocity throughout the race may be to maintain the same rate of RPE increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Lima-Silva
- Sports Science Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.
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