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Grancini G, Roldán-Carmona C, Zimmermann I, Mosconi E, Lee X, Martineau D, Narbey S, Oswald F, De Angelis F, Graetzel M, Nazeeruddin MK. One-Year stable perovskite solar cells by 2D/3D interface engineering. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15684. [PMID: 28569749 PMCID: PMC5461484 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the impressive photovoltaic performances with power conversion efficiency beyond 22%, perovskite solar cells are poorly stable under operation, failing by far the market requirements. Various technological approaches have been proposed to overcome the instability problem, which, while delivering appreciable incremental improvements, are still far from a market-proof solution. Here we show one-year stable perovskite devices by engineering an ultra-stable 2D/3D (HOOC(CH2)4NH3)2PbI4/CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite junction. The 2D/3D forms an exceptional gradually-organized multi-dimensional interface that yields up to 12.9% efficiency in a carbon-based architecture, and 14.6% in standard mesoporous solar cells. To demonstrate the up-scale potential of our technology, we fabricate 10 × 10 cm2 solar modules by a fully printable industrial-scale process, delivering 11.2% efficiency stable for >10,000 h with zero loss in performances measured under controlled standard conditions. This innovative stable and low-cost architecture will enable the timely commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Up-scaling represents a key challenge for photovoltaics based on metal halide perovskites. Using a composite of 2D and 3D perovskites in combination with a printable carbon black/graphite counter electrode; Grancini et al., report 11.2% efficient modules stable over 10,000 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grancini
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1951, Switzerland
| | - C Roldán-Carmona
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1951, Switzerland
| | - I Zimmermann
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1951, Switzerland
| | - E Mosconi
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia I-06123, Italy.,Computet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - X Lee
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces (LPI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - D Martineau
- Solaronix S.A. Rue de l'Ouriette 129, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - S Narbey
- Solaronix S.A. Rue de l'Ouriette 129, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - F Oswald
- Solaronix S.A. Rue de l'Ouriette 129, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - F De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia I-06123, Italy.,Computet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - M Graetzel
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces (LPI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1951, Switzerland
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Ruterana P, Buffat PA, Thampi K, Graetzel M. Selective Dispersion of the Ru-RuOx/TiO2 Catalyst for Methanation of CO2 at Room Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-139-327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Burnside S, Shklover V, Barbe C, Brooks K, Comte P, Arendse-Duriaux F, Jirousek M, Graetzel M. Self-Organization in Nanoparticle Titanium Dioxide Thin Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-519-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNanocrystalline titanium dioxide has been synthesized using a sol-gel technique followed by hydrothermal growth at temperatures in the range 190-270°C. Thin films of these colloids were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption. Self-organization of the nanocrystalline particles in regular arrays was observed in films made from colloids autoclaved at lower temperatures. We present herein initial photovoltaic performance of these semiconducting films used as working electrodes in a dye-sensitized solar cell.
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Marin-Suarezdel Toro M, Fernandez-Sanchez J, Baranoff E, Nazeeruddin M, Graetzel M, Fernandez-Gutierrez A. Novel luminescent Ir(III) dyes for developing highly sensitive oxygen sensing films. Talanta 2010; 82:620-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sauvage F, Di Fonzo F, Li Bassi A, Casari CS, Russo V, Divitini G, Ducati C, Bottani CE, Comte P, Graetzel M. Hierarchical TiO2 photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Lett 2010; 10:2562-2567. [PMID: 20565087 DOI: 10.1021/nl101198b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical or one-dimensional architectures are among the most exciting developments in material science these recent years. We present a nanostructured TiO(2) assembly combining these two concepts and resembling a forest composed of individual, high aspect-ratio, treelike nanostructures. We propose to use these structures for the photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells, and we achieved 4.9% conversion efficiency in combination with C101 dye. We demonstrate this morphology beneficial to hamper the electron recombination and also mass transport control in the mesopores when solvent-free ionic liquid electrolyte is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sauvage
- Institut des Sciences et Ingenieurie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kalyanasundaram K, Graetzel M. Artificial photosynthesis: biomimetic approaches to solar energy conversion and storage. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2010; 21:298-310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2010.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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7
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Nazeeruddin MK, Bessho T, Cevey L, Ito S, Klein C, De Angelis F, Fantacci S, Comte P, Liska P, Imai H, Graetzel M. A high molar extinction coefficient charge transfer sensitizer and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Berner D, Klein C, Nazeeruddin MK, De Angelis F, Castellani M, Bugnon P, Scopelliti R, Zuppiroli L, Graetzel M. Efficient blue light-emitting diodes based on a classical “push–pull” architecture molecule 4,4′-di-(2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b610880f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Nazeeruddin M, Zakeeruddin S, Lagref JJ, Liska P, Comte P, Barolo C, Viscardi G, Schenk K, Graetzel M. Stepwise assembly of amphiphilic ruthenium sensitizers and their applications in dye-sensitized solar cell. Coord Chem Rev 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nazeeruddin MK, Humphry-Baker R, Berner D, Rivier S, Zuppiroli L, Graetzel M. Highly phosphorescence iridium complexes and their application in organic light-emitting devices. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:8790-7. [PMID: 12862473 DOI: 10.1021/ja021413y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new series of iridium(III) mixed ligand complexes TBA[Ir(ppy)(2)(CN)(2)] (1), TBA[Ir(ppy)(2)(NCS)(2)] (2), TBA[Ir(ppy)(2)(NCO)(2)] (3), and [Ir(ppy)(2)(acac)] (4) (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine; acac = acetoylacetonate, TBA = tetrabutylammonium cation) have been developed and fully characterized by UV-vis, emission, IR, NMR, and cyclic voltammetric studies. The lowest energy MLCT transitions are tuned from 463 to 494 nm by tuning the energy of the HOMO levels. These complexes show emission maxima in the blue, green, and yellow region of the visible spectrum and exhibit unprecedented phosphorescence quantum yields, 97 +/- 3% with an excited-state lifetimes of 1-3 micros in dichloromethane solution at 298 K. The near-unity quantum yields of these complexes are related to an increased energy gap between the triplet emitting state and the deactivating e(g) level that have been achieved by meticulous selection of ligands having strong ligand field strength. Organic light-emitting devices were fabricated using the complex 4 doped into a purified 4,4'-bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl host exhibiting a maximum of the external quantum efficiencies of 13.2% and a power efficiency of 37 lm/W for the 9 mol % doped system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md K Nazeeruddin
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Technology, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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11
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Alkaitis SA, Beck G, Graetzel M. Laser photoionization of phenothiazine in alcoholic and aqueous micellar solution. Electron transfer from triplet states to metal ion acceptors. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00853a015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Rabani J, Graetzel M, Chaudhri SA. Conductometric pulse radiolysis determination of ionic yields and neutralization kinetics in liquid ethanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100694a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bucher JP, Van der Klink JJ, Graetzel M. Platinum-195 NMR study of platinum/titania and platinum/silica catalysts: strong metal-support interaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100367a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Kalyanasundaram K, Graetzel M, Thomas JK. Electrolyte-induced phase transitions in micellar systems. Proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation and photochemical study. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00847a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Kiwi J, Graetzel M. Optimization of conditions for photochemical water cleavage. Aqueous platinum/TiO2 (anatase) dispersions under ultraviolet light. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j150651a012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kalyanasundaram K, Vlachopoulos N, Krishnan V, Monnier A, Graetzel M. Sensitization of titanium dioxide in the visible light region using zinc porphyrins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100293a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Nazeeruddin MK, Kay A, Rodicio I, Humphry-Baker R, Mueller E, Liska P, Vlachopoulos N, Graetzel M. Conversion of light to electricity by cis-X2bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) charge-transfer sensitizers (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, CN-, and SCN-) on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide electrodes. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00067a063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5305] [Impact Index Per Article: 241.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Henglein A, Rabani J, Graetzel M, Chaudhri SA, Beck G. Radiation chemical yield of OH- as determined by conductometric pulse radiolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100906a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Alkaitis SA, Graetzel M. Laser photoionization and light-initiated redox reactions of tetramethylbenzidine in organic solvents and aqueous micellar solution. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00428a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Kalyanasundaram K, Graetzel M, Nazeeruddin MK. Luminescence and intramolecular energy-transfer processes in isomeric cyano-bridged rhenium(I)-rhenium(I) and rhenium(I)-ruthenium(II)-rhenium(I) polypyridyl complexes. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00051a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Graetzel M, Thomas JK. Dynamics of pyrene fluorescence quenching in aqueous ionic micellar systems. Factors affecting the permeability of micelles. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00802a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Matsui K, Nazeeruddin MK, Humphry-Baker R, Graetzel M, Kalyanasundaram K. Transient absorptions due to mixed valence species in the excited state absorption spectra of cyano-bridged trinuclear polypyridyl complexes of ruthenium(II). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100205a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Graetzel CK, Jirousek M, Graetzel M. Light-induced oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons in functionalized microemulsions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j150650a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Humphry-Baker R, Moroi Y, Graetzel M, Pelizzetti E, Tundo P. Photoinduced processes in copper(II)-crown ether surfactant micelles. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00531a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kiwi J, Graetzel M. Characterization of tungstosilicate ((SiW12O40)4-)/titania suspensions and their activity in the evolution of hydrogen from water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100311a023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Graetzel M, Thampi KR, Kiwi J. Methane oxidation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure activated by light via polytungstate dispersed on titania. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100347a050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kalyanasundaram K, Graetzel M, Nazeeruddin MK. Excited-state interactions in ligand-bridged chromophore-quencher complexes containing rhodium(III) and ruthenium(II) polypyridyl units. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100193a041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Patterson LK, Graetzel M. Behavior of hydrated electrons in micellar solution. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-cetylpyridinium chloride mixed micelles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100577a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Baltzer P, Davidson RS, Tseung AC, Graetzel M, Kiwi J. Quantitative studies on the paramagnetic behavior of ruthenium dioxide-titanium dioxide (anatase) powders catalytically active in water oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00317a065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Houlding VH, Kalyanasundaram K, Graetzel M, Milgrom LR. Kinetics of triplet decay of water soluble porphyrins. Analysis of ionic strength effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100240a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Kiwi J, Graetzel M. Projection, size factors, and reaction dynamics of colloidal redox catalysts mediating light induced hydrogen evolution from water. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00518a015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Wong M, Thomas JK, Graetzel M. Fluorescence probing of inverted micelles. The state of solubilized water clusters in alkane/diisooctyl sulfosuccinate (aerosol OT) solution. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00425a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Graetzel M, Kalyanasundaram K, Thomas JK. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance and laser photolysis studies of pyrene derivatives in aqueous and micellar solutions. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00833a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kalyanasundaram K, Colassis T, Humphry-Baker R, Savarino P, Barni E, Pelizzetti E, Graetzel M. Luminescence, charge-transfer complexes, and photoredox processes involving N-alkyl nicotinamide/dihydronicotinamide surfactants. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00191a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gasiorowski K, Brokos JB, Szyba K, Woźniak D, Fraser DM, Zakeeruddin SM, Graetzel M. Evaluation of genotoxic and immunotoxic activities of potential glucose biosensor components: ferrocenes. Biometals 1999; 12:19-26. [PMID: 10420571 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009238611562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Three ferrocenes used in glucose biosensor construction were tested in the aspect of genotoxic and immunotoxic activities. All three ferrocenes were not mutagenic in the standard bacterial Ames test. Equally in the Sister Chromatid Exchanges test in human lymphocyte cultures, the genotoxic action of tested ferrocenes could be excluded. However, all three significantly decreased the rate of lymphocyte proliferation and especially diminished the numbers of B-lymphocytes and NK-cells after 72 hours of in vitro culture. Marked differences between the ferrocenes in their immunotoxic activities were noticed, and we were able to select those which would be relatively safe and those which should be avoided in further investigation of the glucose biosensor construction. Our results indicate the necessity to estimate immunotoxic effects as well as genotoxic effects, especially in biosensor components potentially used in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gasiorowski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Academy, Wrocław, Poland
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41
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Ruterana P, Buffat PA, Thampi K, Graetzel M. The structure of ruthenium supported on titania: a catalyst for low-temperature methanation of carbon dioxide. Ultramicroscopy 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(90)90059-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hoffmann W, Graetzel M, Kiwi J. Stabilization and characterization of small platinum clusters (<1 nm) on TiO2 powders via citrate reduction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-5102(87)87005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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