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Cui X, Chen K, Xing H, Yang Q, Krishna R, Bao Z, Wu H, Zhou W, Dong X, Han Y, Li B, Ren Q, Zaworotko MJ, Chen B. Pore chemistry and size control in hybrid porous materials for acetylene capture from ethylene. Science 2016; 353:141-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf2458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 839] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Rodopoulos T, Ishihara K, Rodopoulos M, Zaworotko MJ, Maeder M, McAuley A. Synthesis and reactivity of the macrobicyclic complexes (1,5,8,12-tetraaza-17-oxabicyclo[10.5.2]nonadecane)cobalt(III) perchlorate ([Co(L 1)(ClO 4)](ClO 4) 2), [(chloro(1,4,8,11-tetraaza-17-oxabicyclo[9.5.3]nonadecane)cobalt(III) perchlorate ([Co(L 2)(Cl)](ClO 4) 2), (4,8-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraaza-17-oxabicyclo[9.5.3]nonadecane)cobalt(III) perchlorate ([Co(L 3)(ClO 4)](ClO 4) 2), and (5,8-dimethyl-1,5,8,12-tetraaza-17-oxabicyclo[10.5.2]nonadecane)cobalt(III) perchlorate ([Co(L 4)(ClO 4)](ClO 4) 2) Crystal structure of the L 2 complex. CAN J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1139/v05-089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The potentially penta-coordinating ligands L2 and L3 have been synthesized by reaction of the 10-membered macrocycle 1,5-diaza-8-oxacyclodecane with either 1,9-dichloro-3,7-diazanonane-2,8-dione, and subsequent reduction of the diamide (3), or with 1,9-dichloro-3,7-(dimethyl)diazanonane-2,8-dione and reduction (L3). A similar procedure is outlined for the dimethylated macrobicycle (L4), based on the corresponding nine-membered 1,4-diaza-7-oxacyclononane. The Co(III) complexes of these ligands and of 1,5,8,12-tetraaza-17-oxabicyclo[10.5.2]nonadecane (L1) have been prepared. Spectrophotometric determinations on the L1 complex ion confirm the presence of two hydrogen ion related equilibria, one of which (pK = 2.2 ± 0.2) is associated with the proposed replacement of the apical ether oxygen by a water molecule that is bound to the metal centre and hydrogen bonded to the ether. The species derived from L1 and L2 exhibit remarkable kinetic stability. Studies on the anation of the [Co(L1)(H2O)](ClO4)3 with chloride ions in acidic media are consistent with the reaction of both the proton-related complex and the [Co(L1)(H2O)]3+ ion. Whilst complex ions containing two secondary NH groups maintain the metalion coordination in strongly acidic media, corresponding species with ligands containing all four tertiary amine sites are subject to attack by protons leading to a relatively facile demetallation of the complexes. The latter finding is supported by kinetic studies and mass spectrometric fragmentation patterns of the ions. Key words: cobalt(III), macrobicycle, hydrolysis, anation, spectroscopic analysis.
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Walsh RDB, Bradner MW, Fleischman AS, Morales LA, Moulton AB, Rodríguez-Hornedo N, Zaworotko MJ. Crystal engineering of the composition of pharmaceutical phases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2003:186-7. [PMID: 12585383 DOI: 10.1039/b208574g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The carboxylic acid-pyridine supramolecular heterosynthon can be exploited to predictably generate binary crystalline phases involving rac-ibuprofen, rac-flurbiprofen or aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Bailey Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave (SCA 400), Tampa, FL 33620-5250, USA
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Zaworotko MJ, Moulton B, Walsh R, Morales L, Fleischman S. Cocrystals with at least one pharmaceutical component. Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730209462x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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McAuley A, Whitcombe TW, Zaworotko MJ. Crystal and solution structure of two dinuclear hexadentate macrocyclic complexes of palladium(II). Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00018a023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cetinkaya B, Gumrukcu I, Lappert MF, Atwood JL, Rogers RD, Zaworotko MJ. Bivalent germanium, tin, and lead 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxides and the crystal and molecular structures of M(OC6H2Me-4-But2-2,6)2 (M = Ge or Sn). J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00526a054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fryzuk MD, Mao SSH, Zaworotko MJ, MacGillivray LR. The first stable zirconium alkylidene complex formed via .alpha.-hydrogen abstraction: synthesis and x-ray crystal structure of [.eta.5-C5H3-1,3-(SiMe2CH2PPri2)2]Zr:CHPh(Cl). J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00065a072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abourahma H, Coleman AW, Moulton B, Rather B, Shahgaldian P, Zaworotko MJ. Hydroxylated nanoballs: synthesis, crystal structure, solubility and crystallization on surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2001:2380-1. [PMID: 12240085 DOI: 10.1039/b106592k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of equimolar amounts of Cu(NO3)2 and bdc-5-OH (bdc-5-OH = benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate-5-hydroxy) affords hydroxylated nanoballs with high solubility and an ability to form microcrystals on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abourahma
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave (SCA 400), Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Yoon CH, Zaworotko MJ, Moulton B, Jung KW. Regio- and stereocontrol elements in Rh(II)-catalyzed intramolecular C-H insertion of alpha-diazo-alpha-(phenylsulfonyl)acetamides. Org Lett 2001; 3:3539-42. [PMID: 11678702 DOI: 10.1021/ol016647l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Intramolecular C-H insertion reaction of alpha-diazo-alpha-(phenylsulfonyl)acetamides proceeded with high regio- and stereoselectivities to afford highly functionalized gamma-lactams predominantly or exclusively. The high regioselectivity was attributed to the use of the phenylsulfonyl moiety, which altered electron density at the carbenoid center and exerted a steric effect during the insertion reaction. Also described herein are three control elements to determine regioselectivity, which are amide conformational, stereoelectronic, and substituent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- B Moulton
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue (SCA 400), Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- B Moulton
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SCA 400, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
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McAuley A, Subramanian S, Zaworotko MJ, Biradha K. Stepwise Complexation of Ni(II) and Cu(II) Ions by 6,6'-C-spirobi(cyclam) (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-Tetraazacyclotetradecane), L(1). Syntheses and Redox Chemistry of [M(H(2)L(1))]X(4) (M = Cu(2+), Ni(2+)), [Cu(2)(L(1))]X(4), and [CuNi(L(1))]X(4) (X = ClO(4)(-)) and the X-ray Crystal Structure of [Cu(2)(L(1))](ClO(4))(4). Inorg Chem 1999; 38:5078-5085. [PMID: 11671254 DOI: 10.1021/ic9904844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In aqueous HClO(4), the cation [H(4)(L(1))](4+) where L(1) is 6,6'-C-spirobi(cyclam) (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane), complexes Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) ions in a stepwise fashion to form [M(H(2)L(1))](ClO(4))(4) (M = Cu(2+) and Ni(2+)) from which [CuNi(L(1))](ClO(4))(4) has been prepared selectively. The preparation and the structure of [Cu(2)(L(1))](ClO(4))(4) (empirical formula, C(19)H(44)N(8)Cu(2)Cl(4)O(16); space group, triclinic; P&onemacr;; a = 8.1815(6) Å, b = 12.6098(9) Å, c = 16.6565(12) Å, alpha = 80.3890(10) degrees, beta = 76.5840(10) degrees, gamma = 87.1750(10) degrees, V = 1647.9(2) Å(3), and Z = 2; of the 9531 total reflections collected, 6779 reflections with I > 2sigma(I) on least-squares refinement provided final R(1) = 0.0657 and wR(2) = 0.1424) are also reported. The cyclic voltammograms (1.0 M NaCl, 0.1 M H(+); Pt electrodes; all E(1/2) vs NHE) of [M(H(2)L(1))](4+) (M = Cu(2+) and Ni(2+)) ions show single waves for the Cu(II)/Cu(III) couple (E(1/2) = 0.79 V, irreversible) and the Ni(II)/Ni(III) couple (E(1/2) = 0.56 V, reversible), respectively. In CH(3)CN (0.1 M Et(4)NClO(4)), the [Cu(2)(L(1))](4+) ion shows a reversible wave for the Cu(II)-Cu(II)/Cu(II)-Cu(III) couple ((1)E(1/2) = 1.120 V) and an irreversible wave for the Cu(II)-Cu(III)/Cu(III)-Cu(III) couple ((2)E(1/2) = 1.430 V). Similarly, a reversible wave for the Cu(II)-Ni(II)/Cu(II) -Ni(III) couple ((1)E(1/2) = 0.750 V) and an irreversible wave for the Ni(III)-Cu(II)/Ni(III)-Cu(III) couple ((2)E(1/2) = 1.20 V) are observed in the case of the [Cu(II)Ni(II)(L(1))](4+) ion. The [Cu(2)(L(1))](4+) ion (g( perpendicular) = 2.120, g( parallel) = 2.256 and 2.196, A( parallel) = 150 G, and D( parallel) = 75 G) and the mixed valent species [Cu(II)Ni(III)(L(1))](5+) (for Cu(2+), g( perpendicular) = 2.060, g( parallel) = 2.219, and A( parallel) = 100 G; for Ni(3+) in sulfate media, g( perpendicular) = 2.204 and g( parallel) = 1.967) and [Cu(II)Cu(III)(L(1))](5+) (g(xx)() = 1.982, g(yy)() = 2.155, g(zz)() = 2.386, A(yy)() = 80 G, and A(zz)() = 120 G) show dipolar-dipolar interaction. In the mixed-valent ions, due to strong electrostatic repulsion from either the Ni(III) or Cu(III) ions, significantly smaller A( parallel) (or A(zz)()) values are observed for the Cu(2+) ion compared to 200 G in the mononuclear ions. Also, the [Cu(II)Ni(II)(L(1))](4+) in aqueous HClO(4) and the [Ni(2)(L(1))](4+) ion in CH(3)NO(2) show a tendency to reduce perchlorate very slowly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. McAuley
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B2H 3C3
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McAuley A, Subramanian S, Zaworotko MJ, Atencio R. A Novel Mixed Macrocycle Complex of Nickel: Synthesis, Structure, and Redox Chemistry of [Ni(II)([9]aneN(3))([9]aneS(3))](ClO(4))(2).CHCl(3) ([9]aneN(3) = 1,4,7-Triazacyclononane and [9]aneS(3) = 1,4,7-Trithiacyclononane). Inorg Chem 1998; 37:4607-4610. [PMID: 11670608 DOI: 10.1021/ic980099z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mixed macrocycle cation, [Ni([9]aneN(3))([9]aneS(3))](2+) (where [9]aneN(3) = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane and [9]aneS(3) = 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane), has been prepared by stepwise complexation of [9]aneN(3) and [9]aneS(3), respectively, to Ni(II) cation. The intermediate [Ni([9]aneN(3))(CH(3)NO(2))(3)](2+) has been isolated and characterized by mass spectrometry and UV-visible spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry of [Ni([9]aneN(3))(CH(3)NO(2))(3)](2+) shows a quasireversible wave for the Ni(II/III) couple (E(1/2) = 0.73V vs Fc(+/0)), and the Ni(III) species exhibits an axial ESR spectrum (g( perpendicular) = 2.101 and g( parallel) = 1.985). The structure of [Ni([9]aneN(3))([9]aneS(3))](ClO(4))(2).CHCl(3) has been determined. It crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 13.3911(8) Å, b = 14.4430(9) Å, c = 13.6116(8) Å, beta = 107.2090(10) degrees, V = 2514.7(3) Å(3), and Z = 4. Of the 15 047 reflections collected, 5765 reflections (I > 2sigma(I)) were used in the refinement to obtain a final R(w) = 0.0278 and R(F) = 0.0368. In the cation [Ni([9]aneN(3))([9]aneS(3))](2+), the two macrocycles occupy the trigonal faces of the Ni(2+) ion, imposing a distorted octahedral geometry. Cyclic voltammetry of the complex in CH(3)CN (Pt electrodes, 0.1 M n-Bu(4)NClO(4), 500 mV) shows a quasireversible wave for the Ni(II)/Ni(III) couple (E(1/2) = 0.86V vs Fc(+/0)). Chemical oxidation by NOPF(6) of the cation [Ni([9]aneN(3))([9]aneS(3))](2+) generates a Ni(III) species that shows axial ESR spectrum with g( perpendicular) = 2.106 and g( parallel) = 2.063. No characteristic reduction wave was observed in either CH(3)CN or CH(3)NO(2) media.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. McAuley
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B2H 3C3
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Biradha K, Zaworotko MJ, Nangia A, Desiraju GR. 2,6-Dibenzoyl-1,4-benzoquinone. Acta Crystallogr C 1997. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270197007579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Zaworotko MJ, MacQuarrie DC, Losier P, Sharma CVK. Chains, planes and frames – how the dimensionality of hydrogen-bonded or coordination polymer networks influences crystal morphology. Acta Crystallogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876739607897x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Losier P, MacQuarrie DC, Zaworotko MJ. Molecular chains, grids and cubicles: designing inorganic porous solids. Acta Crystallogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876739608590x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Krishnamohan Sharma CV, Zaworotko MJ. Crystal engineering: honeycomb networks, molecular laminates and supramolecular boxes. Acta Crystallogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767396088496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bullerwell WL, MacGillivray LR, Zaworotko MJ, Vaughan K, Wilman DE. 1-(p-carbamoylphenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-triazene, an antitumour agent. Acta Crystallogr C 1995; 51 ( Pt 12):2624-7. [PMID: 8588860 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270195008419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the crystal structure of the title compound, 4-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)benzamide, C9H12N4O, (2), the N = N double bond [1.282 (8) A] is 0.030 A shorter than the N--N single bond [1.312 (8) A], but both bonds are shorter than an isolated N--N single bond suggesting that there is double-bond character in each N--N bond, although it is unequally distributed. The molecule adopts a trans geometry around the N = N bond, but there is a significant deviation from planarity between the benzene ring and the plane of the triazene moiety. Compound (2) forms chains in the solid state in which the molecules are linked by C = O...H--N hydrogen bonds between carbamoyl groups. These chains are cross-linked into sheets by hydrogen bonding between the second N--H moiety and triazene units in adjacent chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Bullerwell
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Piórko A, Christie S, Zaworotko MJ. Hexafluorophosphate Salts of Cyclopentadienyliron(II) Complexes of Dibenzodioxin and 1-Methyldibenzodioxin. Acta Crystallogr C 1995. [DOI: 10.1107/s010827019400363x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Christie S, Piórko A, Zaworotko MJ. (η5-Cyclopentadienyl)[(1,2,3,4,4a,10a-η6)-2-methylthianthrene]iron(II) hexafluorophosphate. Acta Crystallogr C 1994. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270194008383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Piórko A, Christie S, Zaworotko MJ. [(5a,6,7,8,9,9a-η6)-[1,4]Benzodioxino[2,3-b]pyridine](η5-cyclopentadienyl)iron(II) hexafluorophosphate. Acta Crystallogr C 1994. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270194003288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Christie SD, Subramanian S, Thompson LK, Zaworotko MJ. Strict self-assembly of [Fe(cyclam)]3+and [hydrogenbis(1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylate)]3–into a novel mixed-valent one-dimensional polymer containing an FeIIIN4O2chromophore. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/c39940002563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vaughan K, Cameron LM, Christie S, Zaworotko MJ. Structures of the isomeric triazene 1-oxides 3-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)-1-methyltriazene 1-oxide (1) and 3-(2-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)-1-methyltriazene 1-oxide (2). Acta Crystallogr C 1992. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270192003329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Zaworotko MJ, Cameron TS, Linden A, Sturge KC. Structures of the tetrachloroaluminate salts of the N-ethylpyridinium, 2-ethylpyridinium, pyridinium and 1-chloromethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexamethylbenzenium cations. Acta Crystallogr C 1989. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270188014416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hood RD, Vedel GC, Zaworotko MJ, Tatum FM, Meeks RG. Uptake, distribution, and metabolism of trivalent arsenic in the pregnant mouse. J Toxicol Environ Health 1988; 25:423-34. [PMID: 3199456 DOI: 10.1080/15287398809531221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the distribution of trivalent arsenic (arsenite) in the pregnant rodent, CD-1 mice were dosed with sodium arsenite by ip injection or by gavage on gestation d 18 (copulation plug day = d 1). Doses were 8 (ip) or 25 (po) mg/kg, and samples of maternal blood, liver, and kidneys, as well as fetuses and pooled placentas, were analyzed for total arsenic at intervals of up to 24 h. Fetal tissue was also analyzed for relative proportions of inorganic arsenic and methylated metabolites. Arsenic uptake was significantly greater in the injected mice and their fetuses (as a proportion of the administered dose), with levels highest at 10 min to 4 h in maternal tissues and 24 h in fetuses. Peak maternal arsenic levels (as microgram/g or microgram/ml) ranged from 2.36 (blood) to 26.15 (liver) for the ip injected and 1.25 (blood) to 17.64 (liver) for the gavaged treatment group. The rate of arsenic elimination from maternal samples was not significantly influenced by administration route, with first-order elimination rate constants (k) of 0.215 and 0.234 h-1 for the po and ip dosed mice, respectively. Fetal tissue arsenic peaks were 2.10 and 0.77 micrograms/g for the ip and po treatment groups, respectively. The proportion of methylated arsenic in fetuses increased to 79% in the ip treatment group and 88% in the po group by 24 h. Such results show that much of the arsenic reaching the mouse fetus has been methylated to less toxic metabolites. They also confirm that assumptions made regarding hazard to the fetus must reflect the likelihood that a portion of any maternal dose of inorganic arsenite reaching a fetus may have been methylated, and they support previous findings that arsenite is toxic to the conceptus at lower doses when given by injection than by gavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Hood
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487-0344
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Hood RD, Vedel-Macrander GC, Zaworotko MJ, Tatum FM, Meeks RG. Distribution, metabolism, and fetal uptake of pentavalent arsenic in pregnant mice following oral or intraperitoneal administration. Teratology 1987; 35:19-25. [PMID: 3563933 DOI: 10.1002/tera.1420350104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant CD-1 mice were treated with 20 (i.p.) or 40 (p.o.) mg/kg sodium arsenate on gestation day 18 (plug = day 1). Individual fetuses, pooled placentas and maternal blood, urine, liver, and kidneys were obtained from three or more litters at intervals up to 24 hours following treatment. Acid-digested samples were analyzed for total arsenic by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The rate of arsenic elimination from maternal samples was not influenced by administration route. First-order elimination followed a brief period of distribution, and the biological half-life was approximately 10 hours. Arsenic was found in most samples, with mean peak concentrations expressed as micrograms As/gm (wet wt.) or /ml (values listed are post-treatment sampling times in minutes or hours and concentrations for i.p. and for p.o. treated groups, respectively) as follows: fetuses-2, 3.5; 6, 0.8, placentas-2, 9.3; 1, 2.3, blood-10 minutes, 6.9; 1, 2.0, urine-1, 712; 2, 342, kidney-20 minutes, 25.4; 1, 11.0, liver-0.5, 7.9; 1, 11.7. By 24 hours, arsenic levels in fetuses and placentas had declined to 0.22 microgram/gm and 0.74 microgram/gm for i.p. and 0.33 microgram/gm and 0.57 microgram/gm for p.o. treatments, respectively. Fetal arsenic uptake and loss were more rapid following i.p. than p.o. treatments, and although the i.p. dose was only half that used p.o., peak fetal As+5 was almost fivefold higher following i.p. treatment. These results agree with the finding that oral dosing of pregnant mice with arsenate has less effect on the conceptus than does treatment by injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Zaworotko MJ, Shakir R, Atwood JL, Sriyunyongwat V, Reynolds SD, Albright TA. Synthesis and structure of dicarbonyl(η5-methylcyclopentadienyl)triphenylphosphinemanganese(I). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1107/s0567740882006426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Atwood JL, Rogers RD, Hrncir DC, Zaworotko MJ, Hunter WE. Classification scheme for aromatic 'solvates' in ionic organometallic compounds. Acta Crystallogr A 1981. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767381097043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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