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Arh T, Gomilšek M, Prelovšek P, Pregelj M, Klanjšek M, Ozarowski A, Clark SJ, Lancaster T, Sun W, Mi JX, Zorko A. Origin of Magnetic Ordering in a Structurally Perfect Quantum Kagome Antiferromagnet. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:027203. [PMID: 32701346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.027203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ground state of the simple Heisenberg nearest-neighbor quantum kagome antiferromagnetic model is a magnetically disordered spin liquid, yet various perturbations may lead to fundamentally different states. Here we disclose the origin of magnetic ordering in the structurally perfect kagome material YCu_{3}(OH)_{6}Cl_{3}, which is free of the widespread impurity problem. Ab initio calculations and modeling of its magnetic susceptibility reveal that, similar to the archetypal case of herbertsmithite, the nearest-neighbor exchange is by far the dominant isotropic interaction. Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) anisotropy deduced from electron spin resonance, susceptibility, and specific-heat data is, however, significantly larger than in herbertsmithite. By enhancing spin correlations within kagome planes, this anisotropy is essential for magnetic ordering. Our study isolates the effect of DM anisotropy from other perturbations and unambiguously confirms the predicted phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Arh
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska u. 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Gomilšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre for Materials Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - P Prelovšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Pregelj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Klanjšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - S J Clark
- Centre for Materials Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - T Lancaster
- Centre for Materials Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - W Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - J-X Mi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - A Zorko
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska u. 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Gomilšek M, Klanjšek M, Žitko R, Pregelj M, Bert F, Mendels P, Li Y, Zhang QM, Zorko A. Field-Induced Instability of a Gapless Spin Liquid with a Spinon Fermi Surface. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:137205. [PMID: 29341713 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.137205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ground state of the quantum kagome antiferromagnet Zn-brochantite, ZnCu_{3}(OH)_{6}SO_{4}, which is one of only a few known spin-liquid (SL) realizations in two or three dimensions, has been described as a gapless SL with a spinon Fermi surface. Employing nuclear magnetic resonance in a broad magnetic-field range down to millikelvin temperatures, we show that in applied magnetic fields this enigmatic state is intrinsically unstable against a SL with a full or a partial gap. A similar instability of the gapless Fermi-surface SL was previously encountered in an organic triangular-lattice antiferromagnet, suggesting a common destabilization mechanism that most likely arises from spinon pairing. A salient property of this instability is that an infinitesimal field suffices to induce it, as predicted theoretically for some other types of gapless SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gomilšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Klanjšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - R Žitko
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Pregelj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - F Bert
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - P Mendels
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Y Li
- Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Q M Zhang
- Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - A Zorko
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Jeong M, Schmidiger D, Mayaffre H, Klanjšek M, Berthier C, Knafo W, Ballon G, Vignolle B, Krämer S, Zheludev A, Horvatić M. Dichotomy between Attractive and Repulsive Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquids in Spin Ladders. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:106402. [PMID: 27636483 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.106402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a direct NMR method to determine whether the interactions in a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) state of a spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic ladder are attractive or repulsive. For the strong-leg spin ladder compound (C_{7}H_{10}N)_{2}CuBr_{4} we find that the isothermal magnetic field dependence of the NMR relaxation rate T_{1}^{-1}(H) displays a concave curve between the two critical fields bounding the TLL regime. This is in sharp contrast to the convex curve previously reported for a strong-rung ladder, (C_{5}H_{12}N)_{2}CuBr_{4}. We show that the concavity and the convexity of T_{1}^{-1}(H), which is a fingerprint of spin fluctuations, directly reflect the attractive and repulsive fermionic interactions in the TLL, respectively. The interaction sign is alternatively determined from an indirect method combining bulk magnetization and specific heat data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jeong
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, Boîte Postale 166, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Schmidiger
- Neutron Scattering and Magnetism, Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H Mayaffre
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, Boîte Postale 166, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - M Klanjšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - C Berthier
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, Boîte Postale 166, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - W Knafo
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - G Ballon
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - B Vignolle
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - S Krämer
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, Boîte Postale 166, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - A Zheludev
- Neutron Scattering and Magnetism, Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Horvatić
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétique Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UGA, UPS, and INSA, Boîte Postale 166, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Klanjšek M, Arčon D, Sans A, Adler P, Jansen M, Felser C. Phonon-Modulated Magnetic Interactions and Spin Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid in the p-Orbital Antiferromagnet CsO2. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:057205. [PMID: 26274439 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.057205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic response of antiferromagnetic CsO2, coming from the p-orbital S=1/2 spins of anionic O2(-) molecules, is followed by 133Cs nuclear magnetic resonance across the structural phase transition occurring at T(s1)=61 K on cooling. Above T(s1), where spins form a square magnetic lattice, we observe a huge, nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the exchange coupling originating from thermal librations of O2(-) molecules. Below T(s1), where antiferromagnetic spin chains are formed as a result of p-orbital ordering, we observe a spin Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid behavior of spin dynamics. These two interesting phenomena, which provide rare simple manifestations of the coupling between spin, lattice, and orbital degrees of freedom, establish CsO2 as a model system for molecular solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Klanjšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN-FIST Centre of Excellence, Trg OF 13, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Arčon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Sans
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - P Adler
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Jansen
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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Mukhopadhyay S, Klanjšek M, Grbić MS, Blinder R, Mayaffre H, Berthier C, Horvatić M, Continentino MA, Paduan-Filho A, Chiari B, Piovesana O. Quantum-critical spin dynamics in quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnets. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:177206. [PMID: 23215221 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.177206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
By means of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T(1)(-1), we follow the spin dynamics as a function of the applied magnetic field in two gapped quasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets: the anisotropic spin-chain system NiCl(2)-4SC(NH(2))(2) and the spin-ladder system (C(5)H(12)N)(2)CuBr(4). In both systems, spin excitations are confirmed to evolve from magnons in the gapped state to spinons in the gapless Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid state. In between, T(1)(-1) exhibits a pronounced, continuous variation, which is shown to scale in accordance with quantum criticality. We extract the critical exponent for T(1)(-1), compare it to the theory, and show that this behavior is identical in both studied systems, thus demonstrating the universality of quantum-critical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UJF, UPS and INSA, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Klanjšek M, Gradišek A, Kocjan A, Bobnar M, Jeglič P, Wencka M, Jagličić Z, Popčević P, Ivkov J, Smontara A, Gille P, Armbrüster M, Grin Y, Dolinšek J. PdGa intermetallic hydrogenation catalyst: an NMR and physical property study. J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:085703. [PMID: 22310701 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/8/085703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The PdGa intermetallic compound is a highly selective and stable heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst for the semi-hydrogenation of acetylene. We have studied single crystals of PdGa grown by the Czochralski technique. The (69)Ga electric-field-gradient (EFG) tensor was determined by means of NMR spectroscopy, giving experimental confirmation of both the recently refined structural model of PdGa and the theoretically predicted Pd-Ga covalent bonding scheme. The hydrogenation experiment has detected no hydrogen uptake in the PdGa, thus preventing in situ hydride formation that leads to a reduction of the catalytic selectivity. We have also determined bulk physical properties (the magnetic susceptibility, the electrical resistivity, the thermoelectric power, the Hall coefficient, the thermal conductivity and the specific heat) of single-crystalline PdGa. The results show that PdGa is a diamagnet with metallic electrical resistivity and moderately high thermal conductivity. The thermoelectric power is negative with complicated temperature dependence, whereas the Hall coefficient is positive and temperature-dependent, indicating complexity of the Fermi surface. Partial fulfillment of the NMR Korringa relation reveals that the charge carriers are weakly correlated. Specific heat measurements show that the density of electronic states (DOS) at the Fermi energy of PdGa is reduced to 15% of the DOS of the elemental Pd metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Klanjšek
- J. Stefan Institute and University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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