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Singh C, Kumar R, Sehgal H, Bhati S, Singhal T, Gayacharan, Nimmy MS, Yadav R, Gupta SK, Abdallah NA, Hamwieh A, Kumar R. Unclasping potentials of genomics and gene editing in chickpea to fight climate change and global hunger threat. Front Genet 2023; 14:1085024. [PMID: 37144131 PMCID: PMC10153629 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1085024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomics and genome editing promise enormous opportunities for crop improvement and elementary research. Precise modification in the specific targeted location of a genome has profited over the unplanned insertional events which are generally accomplished employing unadventurous means of genetic modifications. The advent of new genome editing procedures viz; zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), homing endonucleases, transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs), Base Editors (BEs), and Primer Editors (PEs) enable molecular scientists to modulate gene expressions or create novel genes with high precision and efficiency. However, all these techniques are exorbitant and tedious since their prerequisites are difficult processes that necessitate protein engineering. Contrary to first generation genome modifying methods, CRISPR/Cas9 is simple to construct, and clones can hypothetically target several locations in the genome with different guide RNAs. Following the model of the application in crop with the help of the CRISPR/Cas9 module, various customized Cas9 cassettes have been cast off to advance mark discrimination and diminish random cuts. The present study discusses the progression in genome editing apparatuses, and their applications in chickpea crop development, scientific limitations, and future perspectives for biofortifying cytokinin dehydrogenase, nitrate reductase, superoxide dismutase to induce drought resistance, heat tolerance and higher yield in chickpea to encounter global climate change, hunger and nutritional threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charul Singh
- USBT, Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad Prayagraj, Prayagraj, India
| | - Hansa Sehgal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani, India
| | - Sharmista Bhati
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Tripti Singhal
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayacharan
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - M. S. Nimmy
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Aladdin Hamwieh
- The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rajendra Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Kumar T, Tiwari N, Bharadwaj C, Roorkiwal M, Reddy SPP, Patil BS, Kumar S, Hamwieh A, Vinutha T, Bindra S, Singh I, Alam A, Chaturvedi SK, Kumar Y, Nimmy MS, Siddique KHM, Varshney RK. A comprehensive analysis of Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene for salinity tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Sci Rep 2022; 12:16315. [PMID: 36175531 PMCID: PMC9523030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity affects various crop cultivation but legumes are the most sensitive to salinity. Osmotic stress is the first stage of salinity stress caused by excess salts in the soil on plants which adversely affects the growth instantly. The Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) genes play a key role in the regulation of abiotic stresses resistance from the high expression of different isoform. Selected genotypes were evaluated to estimate for salt tolerance as well as genetic variability at morphological and molecular level. Allelic variations were identified in some of the selected genotypes for the TPS gene. A comprehensive analysis of the TPS gene from selected genotypes was conducted. Presence of significant genetic variability among the genotypes was found for salinity tolerance. This is the first report of allelic variation of TPS gene from chickpea and results indicates that the SNPs present in these conserved regions may contribute largely to functional distinction. The nucleotide sequence analysis suggests that the TPS gene sequences were found to be conserved among the genotypes. Some selected genotypes were evaluated to estimate for salt tolerance as well as for comparative analysis of physiological, molecular and allelic variability for salt responsive gene Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase through sequence similarity. Allelic variations were identified in some selected genotypes for the TPS gene. It is found that Pusa362, Pusa1103, and IG5856 are the most salt-tolerant lines and the results indicates that the identified genotypes can be used as a reliable donor for the chickpea improvement programs for salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.,International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Amlaha, Madhya Pradesh, 466113, India
| | - Neha Tiwari
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Amlaha, Madhya Pradesh, 466113, India
| | - C Bharadwaj
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Manish Roorkiwal
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sneha Priya Pappula Reddy
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, UWA, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - B S Patil
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Aladdin Hamwieh
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, 2 Port Said, Victoria Square, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - T Vinutha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | | | - Afroz Alam
- Banathali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | | | | | | | - K H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, UWA, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Chair in Agriculture & Food Security, State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
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