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Strijbis EMM, Koch MW, de Jong BA. Quality of life should be the primary outcome for disease modifying therapy trials in MS-No. Mult Scler 2023; 29:1066-1067. [PMID: 37489564 PMCID: PMC10413779 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231182708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- EMM Strijbis
- Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - MW Koch
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - BA de Jong
- Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Pabbaraju K, Fonseca K, Wong S, Koch MW, Joseph JT, Tipples GA, Tellier R. Genetic characterization of measles virus genotype D6 subacute sclerosing panencephalitis case, Alberta, Canada. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:720-729. [PMID: 30291564 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive and eventually fatal neurological disease arising from a persistent infection with measles virus (MV) acquired at a young age. SSPE measles virus strains are defective and unable to produce progeny virions, due to multiple and extensive mutations in a number of key genes. We sequenced the full MV genome from our recently reported SSPE case, which typed as genotype D6, and compared it with other genotype D6 wild type and SSPE sequences. The Alberta D6 strain was significantly different from other reported SSPE D6 sequences. Mutations were observed in all the genes of the Alberta strain, with the greatest sequence divergence noted in the M gene with 17.6% nucleotide and 31% amino acid variation. The L gene showed the least variation with 1.3% nucleotide and 0.7% amino acid differences respectively. The nucleotide variability for 15,672 bases of the complete genome compared to the wild type and other SSPE D6 strains was around 3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pabbaraju
- Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - K Fonseca
- Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Wong
- Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M W Koch
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - J T Joseph
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - G A Tipples
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - R Tellier
- Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Koch MW, Ilnytskyy Y, Golubov A, Metz LM, Yong VW, Kovalchuk O. Global transcriptome profiling of mild relapsing-remitting versus primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2018; 25:651-658. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. W. Koch
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; University of Calgary; Calgary AB
- Department of Community Health Sciences; University of Calgary; Calgary AB
| | - Y. Ilnytskyy
- Department of Biology; University of Lethbridge; Lethbridge AB Canada
| | - A. Golubov
- Department of Biology; University of Lethbridge; Lethbridge AB Canada
| | - L. M. Metz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; University of Calgary; Calgary AB
| | - V. W. Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute; University of Calgary; Calgary AB
| | - O. Kovalchuk
- Department of Biology; University of Lethbridge; Lethbridge AB Canada
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Javizian O, Metz LM, Deighton S, Koch MW. Smoking does not influence disability accumulation in primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:624-630. [PMID: 28239937 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The modifiable risk factor cigarette smoking has been associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) and with disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS. However, less is known about the effect of smoking on disease progression in progressive MS. Here the association between cigarette smoking and disability accumulation in primary progressive MS (PPMS) is investigated. METHODS Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazard modelling were used to investigate the influence of cigarette smoking on the risk of reaching Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4 and 6 as well as the time from EDSS 4 to 6 in patients with PPMS. RESULTS In all, 416 patients with PPMS and available smoking history were identified. Median time to EDSS 4 was 4 years in ever-smokers and 5 years in never-smokers (P = 0.27), and it was 9 years to EDSS 6 in both ever-smokers and never-smokers (P = 0.48). Smokers were not at increased risk of faster progression to EDSS 4, 6 and from EDSS 4 to 6. Age at disease onset was the strongest risk factor for progression to EDSS 4, 6 and from EDSS 4 to 6. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation of a large and well-characterized population based PPMS cohort suggests that cigarette smoking does not influence disability accumulation in PPMS. Our findings support the idea that PPMS is driven by different underlying pathomechanisms than relapsing-remitting MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Javizian
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - L M Metz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Deighton
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M W Koch
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Koch MW, Bjerregaard P, Curtis C. Mental health, violence, sexual abuse, tobacco and alcohol Acculturation and mental health — empirical verification of J.W. Berry’s model of acculturative stress. Int J Circumpolar Health 2016; 63 Suppl 2:371-6. [PMID: 15736688 DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v63i0.17939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many studies concerning mental health among ethnic minorities have used the concept of acculturation as a model of explanation, in particular J.W. Berry's model of acculturative stress. But Berry's theory has only been empirically verified few times. The aims of the study were to examine whether Berry's hypothesis about the connection between acculturation and mental health can be empirically verified for Greenlanders living in Denmark and to analyse whether acculturation plays a significant role for mental health among Greenlanders living in Denmark. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The study used data from the 1999 Health Profile for Greenlanders in Denmark. As measure of mental health we applied the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Acculturation was assessed from answers to questions about how the respondents value the fact that children maintain their traditional cultural identity as Greenlander and how well the respondents speak Greenlandic and Danish. The statistical methods included binary logistic regression. RESULTS We found no connection between Berry's definition of acculturation and mental health among Greenlanders in Denmark. On the other hand, our findings showed a significant relation between mental health and gender, age, marital position, occupation and long-term illness. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that acculturation in the way Berry defines it plays a lesser role for mental health among Greenlanders in Denmark than socio-demographic and socio-economic factors. Therefore we cannot empirically verify Berry's hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Koch
- Section for Research in Greenland, National Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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D'haeseleer M, Steen C, Hoogduin JM, van Osch MJP, Fierens Y, Cambron M, Koch MW, De Keyser J. Performance on Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test and cerebral blood flow in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2013; 128:e26-9. [PMID: 23550954 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the relationship between performance on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and both cerebral blood flow (CBF) and axonal metabolic integrity in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of the centrum semiovale in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS Normal appearing white matter of the centrum semiovale was investigated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in 28 non-depressed individuals (18 patients with MS and 10 healthy controls). CBF was assessed with pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling. N-acetylacetate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratios (a metabolic axonal marker) were measured using (1) H-MR spectroscopy. CBF was also measured in frontoparietal cortices and cerebellar hemispheres. RESULTS In subjects with MS, we found a positive correlation between performance on the PASAT and CBF to the left centrum semiovale (P = 0.008), but not with the NAA/Cr ratio. There were no correlations between PASAT scores and CBF to the right centrum semiovale, frontoparietal cortices, and cerebellar hemispheres. There was no correlation between PASAT scores and NAA/Cr ratios. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary results suggest that performance on the PASAT in subjects with MS correlates with CBF to the left centrum semiovale, which contains left frontoparietal white matter association tracts involved in information processing speed and working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. D'haeseleer
- Department of Neurology; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel; Center for Neurosciences; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels; Belgium
| | - C. Steen
- Department of Neurology; Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen; Groningen; The Netherlands
| | - J. M. Hoogduin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery; Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht; Utrecht; The Netherlands
| | - M. J. P. van Osch
- Department of Radiology; C. J. Gorter Center for High-field MRI; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden; The Netherlands
| | - Y. Fierens
- Department of Medical Physics; Department of Radiology; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel; Brussels; Belgium
| | - M. Cambron
- Department of Neurology; Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel; Center for Neurosciences; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels; Belgium
| | - M. W. Koch
- Division of Neurology; Department of Clinical Neurosciences; University of Calgary; Calgary; AB; Canada
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Mostert JP, Koch MW, Steen C, Heersema DJ, De Groot JC, De Keyser J. T2 lesions and rate of progression of disability in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2010; 17:1471-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aries MJH, Uyttenboogaart M, Koch MW, Langedijk M, Vroomen PC, Luijckx GJ, De Keyser J. Does smoking influence outcome after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke? Eur J Neurol 2009; 16:819-22. [PMID: 19473358 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It remains uncertain whether current smoking influences outcome in patients with acute ischaemic stroke. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of current smoking in routinely tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-treated stroke patients on the 3-month functional outcome and the occurrence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS We analyzed data from a single stroke care unit registry of 345 consecutive patients with ischaemic stroke, treated with tPA. Logistic regression models were used to assess if smoking was independently associated with 3-months good outcome defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of < or =2, and the occurrence of symptomatic ICH. RESULTS In the multivariable models, smoking was not associated with a good outcome or a decreased risk of symptomatic ICH. CONCLUSION Current smoking did not affect functional outcome at 3 months or the risk of symptomatic ICH in patients routinely treated with tPA for ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J H Aries
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Mostert JP, Blaauw Y, Koch MW, Kuiper AJ, Hoogduin JM, De Keyser J. Reproducibility over a 1-month period of 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging NAA/Cr ratios in clinically stable multiple sclerosis patients. Eur Radiol 2008; 18:1736-40. [PMID: 18389250 PMCID: PMC2469275 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-008-0925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2007] [Accepted: 12/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratios, assessed with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, are increasingly used as a surrogate marker for axonal dysfunction and degeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). The purpose of this study was to test short-time reproducibility of NAA/Cr ratios in patients with clinically stable MS. In 35 MS patients we analysed NAA/Cr ratios obtained with 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging at the centrum semiovale either with lateral ventricles partially included (group 1; n=15) or more cranially with no ventricles included (group 2; n=20). To test short-term reproducibility of the NAA/Cr measurements, patients were scanned twice 4 weeks apart. We determined mean NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios of 12 grey matter and 24 white matter voxels. Mean NAA/Cr ratios of both the white and grey matter did not change after 4 weeks. Overall 4-week reproducibility of the NAA/Cr ratio, expressed as coefficient of variation, was 4.8% for grey matter and 3.5% for white matter. Reproducibility of cranial scanning of the ventricles was slightly better than with cerebrospinal fluid included. Our study shows good short-term reproducibility of NAA/Cr ratio measurements in the centrum semiovale, which supports the reliability of this technique for longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Mostert
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Uyttenboogaart M, Koch MW, Koopman K, Vroomen PC, Luijckx GJ, De Keyser J. Lipid profile, statin use, and outcome after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. J Neurol 2008; 255:875-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-008-0797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Revised: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mostert JP, de Groot JC, Ramsaransing GSM, Koch MW, De Keyser J. Relationship between the extent of T2 lesions and the onset of secondary progression in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2007; 14:1210-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01915.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Uyttenboogaart M, Koch MW, Vroomen PC, Luijckx GJ, De Keyser J. Reply: Hyperglycaemia and the outcome of stroke. Brain 2007. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awm159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Koch MW, Luijckx GJ, Leenders KL. Paroxysmal focal dystonia with sensory symptoms secondary to cortical oligoastrocytoma. J Neurol 2006; 253:1227-8. [PMID: 16598615 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-006-0141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Koch MW. Taking care of ourselves: healthy communities. Tenn Nurse 1998; 61:13-4. [PMID: 10603900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
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Koch MW. Going home: transition strategies for professional practice in home care and hospice. Tenn Nurse 1995; 58:13-5. [PMID: 8695613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
We present computer vision algorithms that recognize and locate partially occluded objects. The scene may contain unknown objects that may touch or overlap giving rise to partial occlusion. The algorithms revolve around a generate-test paradigm. The paradigm iteratively generates and tests hypotheses for compatibility with the scene until it identifies all the scene objects. Polygon representations of the object's boundary guide the hypothesis generation scheme. Choosing the polygon representation turns out to have powerful consequences in all phases of hypothesis generation and verification. Special vertices of the polygon called ``corners'' help detect and locate the model in the scene. Polygon moment calculations lead to estimates of the dissimilarity between scene and model corners, and determine the model corner location in the scene. An association graph represents the matches and compatibility constraints. Extraction of the largest set of mutually compatible matches from the association graph forms a model hypothesis. Using a coordinate transform that maps the model onto the scene, the hypothesis gives the proposed model's location and orientation. Hypothesis verification requires checking for region consistency. The union of two polygons and other polygon operations combine to measure the consistency of the hypothesis with the scene. Experimental results give examples of all phases of recognizing and locating the objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Koch
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13676
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