1
|
Abdel-Aty MS, Sorour FA, Yehia WMB, Kotb HMK, Abdelghany AM, Lamlom SF, Shah AN, Abdelsalam NR. Estimating the combining ability and genetic parameters for growth habit, yield, and fiber quality traits in some Egyptian cotton crosses. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:121. [PMID: 36859186 PMCID: PMC9979479 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to understand how targeted traits in a hybrid breeding program are influenced by gene activity and combining ability. During the three growing seasons of 2015, 2016, and 2017, a field study was conducted with twelve cotton genotypes, comprised of four testers and eight lines. Thirty-two F1 crosses were produced in the 2015 breeding season using the line x tester mating design. The twelve genotypes and their thirty-two F1 crosses were then evaluated in 2016 and 2017. The results demonstrated highly significant differences among cotton genotypes for all the studied traits, showing a wide range of genetic diversity in the parent genotypes. Additionally, the line-x-tester interaction was highly significant for all traits, suggesting the impact of both additive and non-additive variations in gene expression. Furthermore, the thirty-two cotton crosses showed high seed cotton output, lint cotton yield, and fiber quality, such as fiber length values exceeding 31 mm and a fiber strength above 10 g/tex. Accordingly, selecting lines and testers with high GCA effects and crosses with high SCA effects would be an effective approach to improve the desired traits in cotton and develop new varieties with excellent yield and fiber quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdel-Aty
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - F A Sorour
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - W M B Yehia
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - H M K Kotb
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdelghany
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt
| | - Sobhi F Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan.
| | - Nader R Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abdel-Aty MS, Youssef-Soad A, Yehia WMB, EL-Nawsany RTE, Kotb HMK, Ahmed GA, Hasan ME, Salama EAA, Lamlom SF, Saleh FH, Shah AN, Abdelsalam NR. Genetic analysis of yield traits in Egyptian cotton crosses (Gossypium barbdense L.) under normal conditions. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:462. [PMID: 36167520 PMCID: PMC9513887 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To generate high-yielding cultivars with favorable fiber quality traits, cotton breeders can use information about combining ability and gene activity within a population to locate elite parents and potential F1 crosses. To this end, in the current study, twelve cotton parents (eight genotypes as female parents and four testers) and their F1 crosses obtained utilizing the linex tester mating design were evaluated for their general and specialized combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) of yield traits. The findings showed that for all the investigated variables, variances owing to genotypes, parents, crosses, and parent vs cross showed extremely significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences. Additionally, throughout the course of two growing seasons, the mean squares for genotypes (parents and crosses) showed strong significance for all the variables under study. The greatest and most desired means for all the examined qualities were in the parent G.94, Pima S6, and tester G.86. The best crossings for the qualities examined were G.86 (G.89 × G.86), G.93 × Suvin, and G.86 × Suvin. The parents' Suvin, G89x G86 and TNB were shown to have the most desired general combining ability effects for seed cotton yield/plant, lint yield/plant, boll weight, number of bolls/plants, and lint index, while Suvin, G.96 and pima S6 were preferred for favored lint percentage. For seed cotton yield, lint percentage, boll weight, and number of bolls per plant per year, the cross-G.86 x (G.89 × G.86) displayed highly significant specific combining ability impacts. The crosses G.86 × Suvin, Kar x TNB, G.93 × Suvin, and G.93 × TNB for all the studied traits for each year and their combined were found to have highly significant positive heterotic effects relative to better parent, and they could be used in future cotton breeding programs for improving the studied traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Abdel-Aty
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - A Youssef-Soad
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - W. M. B. Yehia
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - R. T. E. EL-Nawsany
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - H. M. K. Kotb
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Ahmed
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ehab A. A. Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| | - Fouad H. Saleh
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|