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Serrano-Castañeda P, Ochoa Loyo MA, Tinoco Hernández CE, Anaya-Ortega BM, Guadarrama-Escobar OR, Anguiano-Almazán E, Rodríguez-Pérez B, Peña-Juárez MC, Vázquez-Durán A, Méndez-Albores A, Rodríguez-Cruz IM, Morales-Florido MI, Escobar-Chávez JJ. Ceftriaxone-Loaded Polymeric Microneedles, Dressings, and Microfibers for Wound Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2610. [PMID: 37376256 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to create polymeric dressings, microfibers, and microneedles (MN) loaded with ceftriaxone, using PMVA (Poly (Methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid), Kollicoat® 100P, and Kollicoat® Protect as polymers to treat diabetic wounds and accelerate their recovery. These formulations were optimized through a series of experiments and were subsequently subjected to physicochemical tests. The results of the characterization of the dressings, microfibers, and microneedles (PMVA and 100P) were, respectively, a bioadhesion of 281.34, 720, 720, 2487, and 510.5 gf; a post-humectation bioadhesion of 186.34, 831.5, 2380, and 630.5 gf, tear strength of 2200, 1233, 1562, and 385 gf, erythema of 358, 8.4, 227, and 188; transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of 2.6, 4.7, 1.9, and 5.2 g/h·m2; hydration of 76.1, 89.9, 73.5, and 83.5%; pH of 4.85, 5.40, 5.85, and 4.85; and drug release (Peppas kinetics release) of n: 0.53, n: 0.62, n: 0.62, and n: 0.66). In vitro studies were performed on Franz-type diffusion cells and indicated flux of 57.1, 145.4, 718.7, and 2.7 µg/cm2; permeation coefficient (Kp) of 13.2, 19.56, 42, and 0.00015 cm2/h; and time lag (tL) of 6.29, 17.61, 27. 49, and 22.3 h, respectively, in wounded skin. There was no passage of ceftriaxone from dressings and microfibers to healthy skin, but that was not the case for PMVA/100P and Kollicoat® 100P microneedles, which exhibited flux of 194 and 0.4 µg/cm2, Kp of 11.3 and 0.00002 cm2/h, and tL of 5.2 and 9.7 h, respectively. The healing time of the formulations in vivo (tests carried out using diabetic Wistar rats) was under 14 days. In summary, polymeric dressings, microfibers, and microneedles loaded with ceftriaxone were developed. These formulations have the potential to address the challenges associated with chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot, improving the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Serrano-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Miguel Alejandro Ochoa Loyo
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Cristian Ezequiel Tinoco Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Brian Miguel Anaya-Ortega
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Omar Rodrigo Guadarrama-Escobar
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Ericka Anguiano-Almazán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Betsabé Rodríguez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Servicio de Análisis de Propóleos (LASAP), Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Ma Concepción Peña-Juárez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - Isabel Marlen Rodríguez-Cruz
- Unidad de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Zumpango, Carretera Zumpango-Jilotzingo #400, Barrio de Santiago, 2ª Sección, Zumpango 55600, Mexico
| | - Miriam Isabel Morales-Florido
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
| | - José Juan Escobar-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria-Lab 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico
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Abstract
Purpose The present review article focuses on highlighting the main technologies used as tools that improve the delivery of transdermal biomolecules, addressing them from the point of view of research in the development of transdermal systems that use physical and chemical permeation enhancers and nanocarrier systems or a combination of them. Results Transdermal drug delivery systems have increased in importance since the late 1970s when their use was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They appeared to be an alternative resource for the administration of many potent drugs. The first transdermal drug delivery system used for biomolecules was for the treatment of hormonal disorders. Biomolecules have been used primarily in many treatments for cancer and diabetes, vaccines, hormonal disorders, and contraception. Conclusions The latest technologies that have used such transdermal biomolecule transporters include electrical methods (physical penetration enhancers), some chemical penetration enhancers and nanocarriers. All of them allow the maintenance of the physical and chemical properties of the main proteins and peptides through these clinical treatments, allowing their efficient storage, transport, and release and ensuring the achievement of their target and better results in the treatment of many diseases. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Concepción Peña-Juárez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, C.P. 54714 Cuautitlán Izcalli, México, Estado de México Mexico
| | - Omar Rodrigo Guadarrama-Escobar
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Programa de Posgrado: Doctorado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n. Col. Santo Tomás C. P. 11340, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Juan Escobar-Chávez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, km 2.5 San Sebastián Xhala, C.P. 54714 Cuautitlán Izcalli, México, Estado de México Mexico
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