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Truchon M, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Zahiriharsini A, Beaulieu M, Daigle G, Langlois L. Occupational Health and Well-being Questionnaire (OHWQ): an instrument to assess psychosocial risk and protective factors in the workplace. Public Health 2022; 210:48-57. [PMID: 35870321 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychosocial stressors at work have been identified as significant risk factors for several mental and physical health problems. These stressors must be compensated by psychosocial resources to prevent or reduce adverse effects on health. Questionnaires measuring these stressors and resources already exist, but none integrate digital stress, ethical culture, and psychosocial safety climate; factors that are increasingly linked to workers' health. This study aims to develop and establish the psychometric properties of one of the most comprehensive instruments measuring the psychosocial work environment to date: the Occupational Health and Well-being Questionnaire (OHWQ). STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional validation study is proposed to develop the OHWQ and document its psychometric properties. METHODS The OHWQ was developed from validated instruments to which new items were added. The questionnaire includes psychosocial dimensions, along with indicators of psychological distress, musculoskeletal disorders, and well-being. It was administered to a sample of 2770 participants from a population working in the academic field. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and the calculation of Cronbach's α coefficient were used to identify the variables, items, and, dimensions of the OHWQ and to document its main psychometric properties. RESULTS The acceptability of the measurement model was evaluated by the reliability of the items, internal consistency between the items, and the convergent and discriminant validity. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Using factor analyses and cut-off rules, the new instrument has 124 items grouped into 22 dimensions. The OHWQ demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity, as well as reasonable fit indices. The internal consistency of the scales was also good (Cronbach's α = 0.68-0.96, median = 0.85). CONCLUSION The OHWQ demonstrated good psychometric properties. It could be useful for both research purposes and for workplaces interested in developing concrete action plans aimed at improving the balance between psychosocial work stressors and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Truchon
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Quebec City, QC G1M 2S8, Canada.
| | - M Gilbert-Ouimet
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 1595 Boulevard Alphonse-Desjardins, Lévis, QC G6V 0A6, Canada; CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - A Zahiriharsini
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 1595 Boulevard Alphonse-Desjardins, Lévis, QC G6V 0A6, Canada; CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada.
| | - M Beaulieu
- Nursing Faculty, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - G Daigle
- Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - L Langlois
- Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Matteau L, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Toupin I, Ouellet N, Truchon M, Beaulieu M. Support strategies to reduce psychosocial stressors in nursing students through the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: a mixed-methods study protocol. Saf Health Work 2022. [PMCID: PMC8817445 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Smith P, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Brisson C, Glazier RH, Mustard CA. Examining the relationship between the demand-control model and incident myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure in a representative sample of the employed women and men in Ontario, Canada, over a 15-year period. Can J Public Health 2020; 112:280-288. [PMID: 32761547 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between job strain and incident myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure in a representative population of men and women in Ontario, Canada, over a 15-year period. METHODS A total of 14,508 respondents having provided responses to either the 2000/2001, 2002, or 2003 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were aged 35 and older at the time and working. After removing respondents with pre-existing heart disease and missing data, our sample totaled 13,291 respondents. Responses were linked to administrative health care and hospitalization data to capture incident cases of myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure up to March 31, 2017. Job control and psychological demands were assessed using 5 items and 2 items respectively. A series of time-to-event regression models were run, adjusting sequentially for socio-demographic variables and health, other psychosocial work exposures, and health behaviours and body mass index. RESULTS Over the study period, there were 199,583 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up: 15 years, 233 days). Higher incidence rates were observed for men (6.69 per 100 persons) than for women (2.77 per 100 persons). No clear relationship was observed for demand-control exposures and incidence of myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure in either men or women. After adjustment for socio-demographic factors, pre-existing health conditions, and other psychosocial exposures, the hazard ratio for high strain exposure (compared with low strain exposure) was 0.92 (0.46-1.84) for women and 0.75 (0.44-1.27) for men. CONCLUSION In this large prospective cohort in Canada, we observed no relationship between components of the demand-control model and incident myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure over a 15-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Smith
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada. .,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Mahee Gilbert-Ouimet
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Campus de Lévis, 1595, boul. Alphonse-Desjardins, Lévis, QC, G6V 0A6, Canada.,Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Quebec City, 1050, chemin Sainte-Foy, local K0-03, Québec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - Chantal Brisson
- Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Quebec City, 1050, chemin Sainte-Foy, local K0-03, Québec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada.,Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Richard H Glazier
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, G1 06, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.,The Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation at University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada.,Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Cameron A Mustard
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
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Duchaine CS, Aubé K, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Bruno Pena Gralle AP, Vezina M, Ndjaboue R, Massamba VK, Trudel X, Lesage A, Moore L, Laurin D, Brisson C. Effect of psychosocial work factors on the risk of depression: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e033093. [PMID: 31690610 PMCID: PMC6858225 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common and disabling health problem that contributes to an important social and economic burden, particularly among the working age population. The deleterious effect of psychosocial work factors on depression has been documented. However, the most recent systematic reviews had restrictive eligibility criteria and, since their publications, several original studies have been published. The proposed systematic review aims to update, evaluate and synthesise the effect of psychosocial work factors from three recognised theoretical models, the demand-control-support, effort-reward imbalance and organisational justice models, on the risk of depression among workers. METHOD AND ANALYSIS A systematic literature search will be conducted in seven academic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Sociological abstracts and IBSS) as well as three grey literature databases. The search strategy was first run on January 2017, updated in October 2017 and will be updated 6 months prior to submission for publication. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations, study selection will be carried out using a rigorous multistep screening process in duplicate by independent reviewers. Prospective studies evaluating the effect of at least one psychosocial work factor from the three theoretical models on depression or antidepressant medication use among working adults will be included. Extracted data will be used for evidence synthesis as well as to assess risk of bias and methodological quality. Meta-estimates will be provided after considering homogeneity and number of studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study will only draw from published studies and grey literature available in electronic databases; ethics approval is not required. The results of this review will be published in a peer review journal and presented at relevant conferences. Given that psychosocial work factors are frequent and modifiable, the results can help reduce the social and economic burden of depression and support public policy-makers to improve occupational health standards. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018107666.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Duchaine
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Aubé
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Mahee Gilbert-Ouimet
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Ana Paula Bruno Pena Gralle
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel Vezina
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Ruth Ndjaboue
- Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Victoria K Massamba
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Xavier Trudel
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Lesage
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Institut universitaire en sante mentale de Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lynne Moore
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Brisson
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Duchaine CS, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Aubé K, Vezina M, Ndjaboue R, Trudel X, Lesage A, Moore L, Laurin D, Brisson C. Effect of psychosocial work factors on the risk of certified absences from work for a diagnosed mental health problem: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e025948. [PMID: 30282689 PMCID: PMC6169777 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health problems (MHPs) are frequent and disabling and are the first or second leading cause of certified sickness absences from work in industrialised countries. They are generally long lasting and generate a considerable human and socioeconomic burden. The deleterious effect of adverse psychosocial work factors on MHP has been documented. However, the evidence regarding the effect of these factors on absences from work for an MHP has not been synthesised since 2007. The proposed systematic review aims to synthesise the effect of adverse psychosocial work factors from three validated theoretical models (the demand-control-support, effort-reward-imbalance and organisational justice models) on the risk of certified absences from work for diagnosed MHP among workers. METHOD AND ANALYSIS A systematic search strategy will be conducted in seven databases: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Sociological abstracts and IBSS. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations, a multistep screening process by independent reviewers will lead to study selection. The search strategy was first run in 16 January 2017 and will be updated in October 2018. Only quantitative, prospective studies evaluating the effect of at least one psychosocial work factor from the validated theoretical models on certified absence from work for a diagnosed MHP will be considered for inclusion. Extracted data will be used for quantitative and qualitative evidence synthesis as well as to assess risk of bias and methodological quality. Meta-estimates will be provided for high-quality studies and by each psychosocial work factor, after considering homogeneity and number of studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As this study will be based only on published studies, ethics approval is not required. Given that psychosocial works factors are frequent and modifiable, the results of this systematic review may provide evidence to support prevention strategies that can help to reduce the human social and economic burden associated with medically certified absences from work for an MHP. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018091632.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Duchaine
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mahee Gilbert-Ouimet
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karine Aubé
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Vezina
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ruth Ndjaboue
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xavier Trudel
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Lesage
- Department of Psychiatry, Montréal Université, Montréal, Canada
| | - Lynne Moore
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantal Brisson
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Brisson C, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Duchaine C, Trudel X, Vézina M. Workplace Interventions Aiming to Improve Psychosocial Work Factors and Related Health. Aligning Perspectives on Health, Safety and Well-Being 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32937-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Trudel X, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Brisson C, Milot A, Vézina M, Masse B. Réduction de la pression artérielle à la suite d’une intervention organisationnelle, Québec, Canada. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Gilbert-Ouimet M, Brisson C, Vézina M, Milot A, Blanchette C. Repeated exposure to effort-reward imbalance, increased blood pressure, and hypertension incidence among white-collar workers: effort-reward imbalance and blood pressure. J Psychosom Res 2012; 72:26-32. [PMID: 22200519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether men and women with repeated ERI exposure have increased BP means or higher hypertension incidence over a 3-year follow-up. To examine the potential modifying effect of age and overcommitment. METHODS The study cohort was composed of 1,595 white-collar workers (629 men and 966 women) assessed at baseline and 3-year follow-up. Ambulatory BP measures were taken every 15 min during a working day. ERI at work was self-reported using validated scales. BP means at follow-up and cumulative incidence of hypertension were respectively modeled with analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and log-binomial regression. RESULTS Among men, no association was observed between repeated ERI exposure and BP. Among women, age had a modifying effect. Women <45 years old exposed to ERI at both times had significantly higher BP means at follow-up (122.2/78.9 mmHg) than those unexposed (120.4/77.4 mmHg). In women ≥45 years old, the cumulative incidence of hypertension was 2.78 (95% CI: 1.26-6.10) times higher among those exposed to ERI at both times. Men and women in the higher tertile of overcommitment had higher BP means (men: 128.9/82.2 mmHg, women: 121.9/78.0 mmHg) than those in the lower tertile (men: 127.2/81.3 mmHg, women: 120.6/77.0 mmHg). CONCLUSION This prospective study showed that, among women, repeated ERI exposure led to a significant age-specific increase in BP means and a major age-specific increase in hypertension incidence. These results suggest that primary intervention aimed at reducing ERI may contribute to lower BP and prevent hypertension in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gilbert-Ouimet
- Santé des Populations: URESP, Centre de Recherche FRSQ du Centre Hospitalier affilié Universitaire de Quebec City, Québec, Canada.
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