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Faam B, Ghaffari MA, Khorsandi L, Ghadiri AA, Totonchi M, Amouzegar A, Fanaei SA, Azizi F, Shahbazian HB, Hashemi Tabar M. RAP1GAP Functions as a Tumor Suppressor Gene and Is Regulated by DNA Methylation in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:227-235. [PMID: 34311462 DOI: 10.1159/000516122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, such as RAP1GAP, by hypermethylation of their regulatory region can give rise to thyroid tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the RAP1GAP gene and the DNA methylation patterns of its CpG74a, CpG74b, and CpG24 in an Iranian population with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). In this study, 160 individuals who underwent thyroidectomy in the Tehran Erfan Hospital between 2018 and 2020 were selected. DNA methylation patterns of selected CpG islands (CpG74a, CpG74b, and CpG24) were determined using methylation-specific PCR. The mRNA expression and protein level of -RAP1GAP were also evaluated. SW1736 and B-CPAP cells were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) to demethylate these regions. The hypermethylation rates of CpG74a and CpG24 in DTC samples were significantly higher than in the control. The mRNA expression and protein level of -RAP1GAP were significantly decreased in the DTC group. In the DTC group, hypermethylation in CpG74a was correlated with decreasing RAP1GAP expression (R2: 0.34; p = 0.043). CpG74a with a specificity of 86.4% has significant prediction power to distinguish between DTC and normal thyroid tissues. Additionally, hypermethylation of CpG74a was significantly associated with higher tumor stages (stage III-IV: 77%; stage I-II: 23%; p = 0.012). Increasing expression of RAP1GAP after demethylation with 15 µM of 5-Aza was observed in both cell lines. These results indicate that DNA hypermethylation in CpG74a can be considered as an epigenetic biomarker in DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Faam
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,
| | - Mohammad A Ghaffari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ata A Ghadiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Amouzegar
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajeih B Shahbazian
- Chronic Diseases Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemi Tabar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Moghadam MT, Hosseini G, Absalan F, Tabar MH, Nikbakht R. Effects of Vitamin D on Apoptosis and Quality of Sperm in Asthenozoospermia. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020; 24:316-323. [PMID: 32511900 PMCID: PMC7365542 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in human spermatozoa. However, the role of vitamin D (VD) in human male reproduction has not yet been clarified. In this study, effects of VD on sperm parameters and its apoptosis in asthenozoospermic and healthy men were evaluated. METHODS The study was carried out on discharged semen samples of 80 asthenozoospermic and healthy men. The samples were divided into control and experimental groups (received 20 µMol of VD). This study assessed sperm motility using the Makler chamber, their morphology by Diff quick, apoptosis and necrosis by Annexin-V and TUNEL assays, and their chromatin integrity was assessed by Aniline blue and Toluidine blue staining, according to WHO guidelines. RESULTS The results revealed that: 1) the total number of motile sperms was increased by VD in both groups, but it was only significant in the asthenozoospermia group. 2) The progressive motility was increased with significant difference in both groups.3) Morphology of sperm did not show any changes due to VD in any of the groups. 4) Early apoptosis and necrosis of sperms were reduced in both groups, but the results of late apoptosis showed no statistical difference in these groups. 5) The percentage of positive toluidine blue was significantly decreased after using VD in the asthenozoospermia group. CONCLUSION VD could improve motility, early apoptosis, and sperm necrosis, especially in asthenozoospermic men and it could be used for therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Taheri Moghadam
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz, Iran
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Hosseini
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Forouzan Absalan
- Department of anatomical sciences, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemi Tabar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Roshan Nikbakht
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hashemi Tabar M, Tabandeh MR, Moghimipour E, Dayer D, Ghadiri AA, Allah Bakhshi E, Orazizadeh M, Ghafari MA. The combined effect of Pdx1 overexpression and Shh manipulation on the function of insulin-producing cells derived from adipose-tissue stem cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:372-382. [PMID: 29511614 PMCID: PMC5832980 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) are the key regulators of beta-cell function. In vitro experiments have shown that there is significant cooperation between Pdx1 and Shh with regard to the production and maintenance of insulin-producing cells (IPCs). In this study, the combined effect of Pdx1 overexpression and Shh manipulation on the function of adipose tissue-derived IPCs was determined. A eukaryotic expression vector (Pdx1- pCDNA3.1(+)) was constructed and transfected into a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) obtained from rats were assigned to two groups [control (C) and manipulated (M)] and differentiated into IPCs. Manipulated cells were treated with a mixture of FGF-β and cyclopamine and recombinant Shh protein at days 3 and 11, respectively, and transfected with Pdx1- pCDNA3.1(+) at day 10. The expression of multiple genes related to function of beta cells was analyzed using real-time PCR. The functionality of IPCs in vitro was analyzed through dithizone (DTZ) staining and ELISA. IPCs were injected into the tail vein of diabetic rats, and blood glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. CHO cells transfected with Pdx1- pCDNA3.1(+) showed a significantly higher expression of Pdx1 compared with nontransfected cells. Manipulated IPCs exhibited a significantly higher expression of MafA, Nkx2.2, Nkx6.1, Ngn3, insulin, and Isl1 and a higher insulin secretion in response to glucose challenge in relation to control cells. Rats that received manipulated IPCs exhibited a higher ability to normalize blood glucose and insulin secretion when compared to controls. Our protocol might be used for more efficient cell therapy of patients with diabetes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hashemi Tabar
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran.,Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Iran.,Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Iran
| | - Eskandar Moghimipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran.,Department of pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Ata A Ghadiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran.,Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Elham Allah Bakhshi
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran.,Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran.,Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran
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Dayer D, Tabar MH, Moghimipour E, Tabandeh MR, Ghadiri AA, Bakhshi EA, Orazizadeh M, Ghafari MA. Sonic hedgehog pathway suppression and reactivation accelerates differentiation of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells toward insulin-producing cells. Cytotherapy 2017. [PMID: 28647274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is an intercellular signaling molecule that regulates pancreas development in mammals. Manipulation of Shh signaling pathway can be used as reliable approach to improve the generation of functional insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). METHODS In the present study, a novel differentiation protocol was used to produce IPCs from adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ATDMSCs) based on sequential inhibition and reactivation of Shh pathway. ATDMSCs were differentiated into IPCs via a 14-day basic protocol using 1% insulin transferrin selenium (ITS) and 1% nicotinamide in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium medium. A mixture of 0.25 µmol/L cyclopamine + 64 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor at day 3 of differentiation and 150 ng/mL recombinant Shh at day 11 of differentiation were used, respectively, to promote sequential inhibition and reactivation of Shh pathway. Insulin granule formation, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and gene expression pattern related to the pancreatic endocrine development and function were analyzed in manipulated and unmanipulated IPCs. RESULTS IPCs obtained after Shh manipulation secreted higher amounts of insulin in vitro. This phenotype was accompanied by increased expression of both genes critical for β-cell function and transcription factors associated with their mature phenotype including Pdx1, MafA, Nkx2.2, Nkx6.1, Ngn3, Isl1 and insulin at day 14 of differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that the early inhibition and late reactivation of Shh signaling pathway during the differentiation of ATDMSCs improved the functional properties of IPCs, a novel method that could be considered as an alternative approach for cell-based therapy for type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemi Tabar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Eskandar Moghimipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ata A Ghadiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Allah Bakhshi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Azandeh S, Mohammad Gharravi A, Orazizadeh M, Khodadi A, Hashemi Tabar M. Improvement of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into the endoderm lineage by four step sequential method in biocompatible biomaterial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:9-13. [PMID: 27340619 PMCID: PMC4916552 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2016.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: The goal of the study described here, was to investigate the potential of umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSCs) into hepatocyte like cells in a sequential 2D and 3D differentiation protocols as alternative therapy.
Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the umbilical cord (UC) and CD markers were analyzed by flow cytometry. For hepatic differentiation of UC-MSCs, cells were induced with a sequential 4-step protocol in 3D and 2D culture system. Urea concentration and albumin secretion into the culture medium was quantified by ELISA. Gene expression levels of AFP, ALB, and CK18 were determined by RT-PCR. Data were statistically analyzed by the SPSS software. The difference between the mean was considered significant when p < 0.05.
Results: Growth factor dependent morphological changes from elongated fibroblast-like cells to round epithelial cell morphology were observed in 2D culture. Cell proliferation analysis showed round-shaped morphology with clear cytoplasm and nucleus on the alginate scaffold in 3D culture. The mean valuses of albumin production and urea secretion were significantly higher in the 3D Culture system when compared with the 2D culture (p = 0.005 vs p = 0.001), respectively. Treatment of cells with TSA in the final step of differentiation induced an increased expression of CK18 and a decreased expression of αFP in both the 3D and 2D cultures (p = 0.026), but led to a decreased albumin gene expression, and an increased expression in the 2D culture (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Findings of the present study indicated that sequential exposure of UC-MSCs with growth factors in 3D culture improves hepatic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Azandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadi
- Cancer, Petroleum and Environmental Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemi Tabar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran
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