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Kumburu HH, Shayo M, van Zwetslaar M, Njau J, Kuchaka DJ, Ignas IP, Wadugu B, Kasworm R, Masaki LJ, Hallgren MB, Clausen PT, Mmbaga BT, Aarestrup FM, Sonda TB. Nanopore sequencing technology for clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases where laboratory capacity is meager: A case report. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17439. [PMID: 37539288 PMCID: PMC10395014 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In resource-limited settings, patients are often first presented to clinical settings when seriously ill and access to proper clinical microbial diagnostics is often very limited or non-existing. On February 16th, 2022 we were on a field trip to test a completely field-deployable metagenomics sequencing set-up, that includes DNA purification, sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses using bioinformatics tools installed on a laptop for water samples, just outside Moshi, Tanzania. On our way to the test site, we were contacted by the nearby Machame hospital regarding a child seriously ill with diarrhea and not responding to treatment. Within the same day, we conducted an onsite metagenomics examination of a fecal sample from the child, and Campylobacter jejuni was identified as the causative agent. The treatment was subsequently changed, with almost immediate improvement, and the child was discharged on February 21st.
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Affiliation(s)
- Happiness H. Kumburu
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), 2240 Moshi Kilimanajro, Tanzania
| | - Mariana Shayo
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), 2240 Moshi Kilimanajro, Tanzania
| | - Marco van Zwetslaar
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Judith Njau
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Davis J. Kuchaka
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Tanzania
| | - Ignas P. Ignas
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Boaz Wadugu
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | | | - Blandina Theophil Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), 2240 Moshi Kilimanajro, Tanzania
| | | | - Tolbert B. Sonda
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Sokoine Road, P. O. Box. 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), 2240 Moshi Kilimanajro, Tanzania
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Hallgren MB, Overballe-Petersen S, Lund O, Hasman H, Clausen PTLC. MINTyper: an outbreak-detection method for accurate and rapid SNP typing of clonal clusters with noisy long reads. Biol Methods Protoc 2021; 6:bpab008. [PMID: 33981853 PMCID: PMC8106442 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
For detection of clonal outbreaks in clinical settings, we present a complete pipeline that generates a single-nucleotide polymorphisms-distance matrix from a set of sequencing reads. Importantly, the program is able to handle a separate mix of both short reads from the Illumina sequencing platforms and long reads from Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ (ONT) platforms as input. MINTyper performs automated reference identification, alignment, alignment trimming, optional methylation masking, and pairwise distance calculations. With this approach, we could rapidly and accurately cluster a set of DNA sequenced isolates, with a known epidemiological relationship to confirm the clustering. Functions were built to allow for both high-accuracy methylation-aware base-called MinION reads (hac_m Q10) and fast generated lower-quality reads (fast Q8) to be used, also in combination with Illumina data. With fast Q8 reads a higher number of base pairs were excluded from the calculated distance matrix, compared with the high-accuracy methylation-aware Q10 base-calling of ONT data. Nonetheless, when using different qualities of ONT data with corresponding input parameters, the clustering of isolates were nearly identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte B Hallgren
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 204, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Ole Lund
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 204, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hasman
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Philip T L C Clausen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 204, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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