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Amer FA, Nofal HA, Gebriel MG, Bedawy AM, Allam AA, Khalil HES, Elahmady M, Nofal H, Saeed MA, Shaltout SW, Behiry A, Attia O, Bahgat SM, Ali AA, Ahmed FM, Abdelrahman AM, Hammad NM. Grasping knowledge, attitude, and perception towards monkeypox among healthcare workers and medical students: an Egyptian cross-sectional study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1339352. [PMID: 38410721 PMCID: PMC10895011 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1339352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Monkeypox (Mpox) is a re-emerging infectious disease representing a new global challenge. It poses a substantial threat to countries, particularly those with a low number of cases. Due to its popularity as a tourist destination and its proximity to many African refugees, Egypt is potentially at risk of Mpox importation. Therefore, effective disease management necessitates healthcare workers (HCWs) to possess adept knowledge, along with a positive attitude and behavior. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception of Egyptian HCWs and medical students towards human Mpox. Methods The present cross-sectional study data was collected from participants between October and December 2022 via a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 31 questions in the knowledge section, 11 questions in the attitude section, and 14 in the perception section. Results The present study involved a total of 1,034 HCWs and medical students. It was found that 55.3% of the participants demonstrated adequate knowledge about Mpox, whereas 44.5% and 39.8% of the respondents exhibited favorable attitudes and perceptions towards the disease, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that adequate knowledge was significantly observed in ages older than 40 years (p < 0.001), married participants (p < 0.001), and doctors (p < 0.001). The positive attitude was significantly observed among the male sex (p = 0.045), urban residents (p = 0.002), and nurses (p = 0.002). Conversely, married participants (p = 0.013), doctors (p < 0.001), and individuals employed in pharmacy and laboratory departments (p < 0.001) experienced an increase in positive perception. Conclusion Knowledge, attitude, and perception towards Mpox among Egyptian HCWs and medical students exhibit suboptimal levels. Addressing these gaps is crucial to controlling and effectively preventing disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A. Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Viral Infection Working Group of International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (VIWG/ISAC), London, United Kingdom
| | - Hanaa A. Nofal
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manar G. Gebriel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aya M. Bedawy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A. Allam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hend E. S. Khalil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Microbiology and Immunology, Qatar Armed Forces Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Elahmady
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Microbiology, Al Ahli Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hagar Nofal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Maysaa A. Saeed
- Viral Infection Working Group of International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (VIWG/ISAC), London, United Kingdom
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Behiry
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Osama Attia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed A. Ali
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fatma Mohammed Ahmed
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Noha M. Hammad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Viral Infection Working Group of International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (VIWG/ISAC), London, United Kingdom
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Esmaeel NE, Gerges MA, Hosny TA, Ali AR, Gebriel MG. Detection of Chromosomal and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Among Escherichia coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection Cases; Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:413-421. [PMID: 32104013 PMCID: PMC7023874 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s240013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQ) in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has emerged as a growing problem. Chromosomal mutations and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants have been implicated. Data concerning the prevalence of these determinants in UPEC in our hospital are quite limited. Purpose To investigate the occurrence and genetic determinants of FQ resistance in UPEC isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) cases in Zagazig University Hospitals. Patients and Methods Following their isolation, the identification and susceptibility of UPEC isolates were performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS). FQ resistance was detected by the disc diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using E-test. Chromosomal mutations in the gyrA gene were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and for detection of PMQR, a couple of multiplex PCR reactions were used. Results Among a total of 192 UPEC isolates, 46.9% (n=90) were FQ resistant. More than half of the isolates (57.8%) exhibited high-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MIC > 32 µg/mL). Mutations in gyrA were detected in 76.7% of isolates, with 34.4% having mutations at more than one site. PMQR determinants were detected in 80.1% of UPEC isolates, with aac(6ʹ)-Ib-cr gene being the most frequent found in 61.1% of isolates. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of both gyrA mutations and PMQR determinants among UPEC isolates in our hospital which contribute to high-level ciprofloxacin resistance, a finding that may require the revision of the antibiotics used for empirical treatment of UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura E Esmaeel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marian A Gerges
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Thoraya A Hosny
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Ali
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manar G Gebriel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Rabie RA, Ibrahim NF, Gebriel MG. Mannose-Binding Lectin Serum Level and Gene Polymorphism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Egyptian Patients. Egypt J Immunol 2020; 27:45-53. [PMID: 33180387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which the complement system plays a role in its pathogenesis. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a serum protein, being a component of innate immune system, it is responsible for lectin pathway of complement activation. The presence of several polymorphisms at the coding regions of the MBL-2 gene, especially single point mutation at codon 54, leads to decreased level and /or functional deficits of MBL, which seems to be a risk factor for occurrence of autoimmune diseases, such as in SLE. So, this study was carried out to determine the role of the serum MBL concentration and the genetic polymorphisms of MBL-2 gene exon 1 codon 54 in Egyptian patients with SLE. Forty-eight SLE patients and 48 matched healthy controls were investigated. MBL serum level was measured by ELISA technique. MBL-2 polymorphism at exon 1 codon 54 was determined by PCR-RFLP. Our results revealed a significant reduction in MBL serum level among SLE patient group in comparison to the control group (P < 0.001). MBL-2 genotyping among SLE patients, revealed the wild type (A/A) in 52.1% and mutant types (A/B, B/B) in 47.9%. While among healthy controls, the wild type was detected in 81.2% and the mutant types in 18.8% with a statistically significant association between this polymorphism and SLE susceptibility (P=0.008). Comparison of MBL serum level among different genotypes within the patient group showed that the mutant allele had a suppressive effect on MBL serum level. In conclusion, carrying MBL-2 exon-1 codon 54 variant allele B was shown to be a risk factor for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab A Rabie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nevin F Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manar G Gebriel
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Ramadan RA, Gebriel MG, Kadry HM, Mosallem A. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: characterization of carbapenemase genes and E-test evaluation of colistin-based combinations. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:1261-1269. [PMID: 30197524 PMCID: PMC6112795 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s170233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbapenamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are emerging worldwide limiting the use of carbapenems as effective and safe drugs. Purpose To characterize different carbapenemase genes carried by carbapenem-resistant (CR) A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa isolates and to evaluate the in vitro effect of some colistin-based combinations by E-test method in Zagazig University Hospitals ICU isolates. Methods CR A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa isolated from the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) were tested for carbapenemase genes by polymerase chain reaction and the effect of colistin/meropenem and colistin/tigecycline combinations was evaluated by E-test. Results Genes coding for OXA-23, NDM and GES were detected in 90, 66.7 and 50% of CR A. baumannii, respectively, while genes coding for VIM, GES, NDM and IMP were detected in 50, 40.9, 27.3 and 18.2% of CR P. aeruginosa, respectively. Colistin/tigecycline combination showed synergistic and additive effect in 20% and 60% of A. baumannii isolates, respectively, while colistin/meropenem combination showed synergistic and additive effect in 63.6% and 36.4% of P. aeruginosa, respectively. Conclusion Carbapenemase genes carriage accounts for high level carbapenem resistance in our isolates. Colistin/tigecycline and colistin/meropenem combinations can be considered for treatment of severe infections by CR A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghdaa A Ramadan
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt,
| | - Manar G Gebriel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt,
| | - Heba M Kadry
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt,
| | - Ahmed Mosallem
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
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Azzab MM, El-Sokkary RH, Tawfeek MM, Gebriel MG. Multidrug-resistant bacteria among patients with ventilatorassociated pneumonia in an emergency intensive care unit, Egypt. East Mediterr Health J 2017; 22:894-903. [PMID: 28181665 DOI: 10.26719/2016.22.12.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common hospital-acquired infection among mechanically ventilated patients. Our objectives were to determine the incidence of VAP, isolate multidrug-resistant bacteria, identify the most prevalent resistant strains and identify their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. The VAP rate was calculated. The isolated microbes were identified and tested for antibiotic susceptibilities. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined of imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem for Klebsiella isolates. Klebsiella isolates resistant to carbapenems were tested for the presence of the blaKPC gene. The VAP incidence density rate was 48.8 incidences/1 000 ventilator days. The most common Gram-positive organism was Staphylococcus aureus, of which 86.6% of isolates were resistant to cefoxitin , but 100% were sensitive to teicoplanin, linezolid and tigecycline. The most common Gram-negative bacillus was Klebsiella, of which 94.6% of isolates were resistant to cefotaxime, 70.2% to imipenem, and 64.9% to ertapenem, but 100% were sensitive to colistin and 94.6% were sensitive to tigecycline. Of the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella strains, 23.1% had the blaKPC gene. The high rates of VAP and the high rates of resistance among isolated organisms point to improper implementation of infection control programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda M Azzab
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Rehab H El-Sokkary
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Tawfeek
- Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Manar G Gebriel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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